Abstract:
:Ultraviolet (UV)-stimulated nonconservative DNA synthesis has been observed in E. coli rendered permeable to nucleoside triphosphates by exposure to toluene. This synthesis is detected in toluenized cells in which the background of UV-independent DNA synthesis is reduced by use of dnaB mutants temperature-sensitive for DNA replication and additionally deficient in DNA polymerase I. UV-stimulated nonconservative synthesis is also seen in polA dnaE mutants that are deficient in two of the three known DNA polymerases. The observed UV-stimulated repair-like synthesis requires the presence of the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and ATP. This mode of synthesis appears to differ from the ATP-independent nonconservative DNA synthesis previously reported to occur in toluenized bacteria.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Masker WE,Hanawalt PCdoi
10.1073/pnas.70.1.129subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1973-01-01 00:00:00pages
129-33issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have synthesized pulmonary surfactant apoprotein SP-B peptides by solid-phase chemistry and demonstrated their ability to enhance the surface-active properties of synthetic lipid mixtures. The synthetic peptides were reactive with antiserum generated against the native bovine surfactant peptide. Both peptides confe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.7.2633
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluoroquinolones are antibacterial agents that attack DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV on chromosomal DNA. The existence of two fluoroquinolone targets and stepwise accumulation of resistance suggested that new quinolones could be found that would require cells to obtain two topoisomerase mutations to display resistanc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.25.13991
更新日期:1997-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::The Met mutant of Drosophila melanogaster is highly resistant to juvenile hormone III (JH III) or its chemical analog, methoprene, an insect growth regulator. Five major mechanisms of insecticide resistance were examined in Met and susceptible Met+ flies. These two strains showed only minor differences when penetratio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.6.2072
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The levels of c-myc, c-fos, and JE mRNAs accumulate in a biphasic pattern following infection of quiescent BALB/c 3T3 mouse cells with polyomavirus. Maximal levels of c-myc and c-fos mRNAs were seen within 1 hr and were nearly undetectable at 6 hr after infection. At 12 hr after infection mRNA levels were again maxima...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.5.1210
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rat liver nuclei pure by enzymatic and electron microscope criteria contain protein kinase C (PKC) that can be activated several hundredfold within 3 min of addition of prolactin or phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate. Rat prolactin stimulated PKC maximally at 10(-12) M, whereas ovine prolactin was maximally stimulat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.22.8649
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyber conflict is now a common and potentially dangerous occurrence. The target typically faces a strategic choice based on its ability to attribute the attack to a specific perpetrator and whether it has a viable punishment at its disposal. We present a game-theoretic model, in which the best strategic choice for the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700442114
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::The p21 region of human chromosome 9 is thought to contain a gene (MLM) involved in genetic susceptibility to melanoma and a gene or genes that influence progression of certain other tumors. Genomic clones that span a large region in 9p21 surrounding the presumptive tumor suppressor gene(s) have been isolated. A set o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.16.7563
更新日期:1994-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::With every pair of bounded self-adjoint operators {U,V} on Hilbert space such that VU - UV = (1/pii)C, where C is trace class, there is associated a certain function of two complex variables called the determining function of the pair. It was previously shown how the determining function can be obtained as the solutio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.8.1684
更新日期:1971-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments investigate the capacity of thalamic and cortical structures in a sensory system to process information of a modality normally associated with another system. Retinal ganglion cells in newborn Syrian hamsters were made to project permanently to the main thalamic somatosensory (ventrobasal) nucleus. W...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.1.357
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major question in plant physiology is how the large amount of sucrose made in leaves is transported to the rest of the plant. Although physiological, biochemical, and anatomical investigations have been performed in this field, to date there have been very few genetic studies. Using a reverse genetic screen, we have...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.250473797
更新日期:2000-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key signaling molecules and are intensely studied. Whereas GPCRs recognizing small-molecules have been successfully targeted for drug discovery, protein-recognizing GPCRs, such as the chemokine receptors, claim few drugs or even useful small molecule reagents. This reflects both...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1120431109
更新日期:2012-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in excitable cells often acts as a negative feedback signal on firing of action potentials and the associated voltage-gated Ca2+ influx. Increased [Ca2+]i stimulates Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels (IK-Ca), and this, in turn, hyperpolarizes the cell and inhibits Ca2+...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.4101
更新日期:1999-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Combinations of low dosages of purified murine hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)--L-cell CSF type 1 (CSF-1), recombinant interleukin 3 (IL-3), and recombinant granulocyte/macrophage CSF (GM-CSF)--were compared with single CSFs for their influence on the cycling rates and numbers of bone marrow granulocyt...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.11.3871
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::X-ray grating interferometry is a coherent imaging technique that bears tremendous potential for three-dimensional tomographic imaging of soft biological tissue and other specimens whose details exhibit very weak absorption contrast. It is intrinsically trimodal, delivering phase contrast, absorption contrast, and sca...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1117861109
更新日期:2012-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Prokaryotic genomes are substantially diverse, even when from closely related species, with the resulting phenotypic diversity representing a repertoire of adaptations to specific constraints. Within the microbial population, genome content may not be fixed, as changing selective forces favor particular phenotypes; ho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1735481100
更新日期:2003-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated that platelets express high levels of the tyrosine protein kinase pp60c-src. By a quantitative immunoblot assay, it is shown in this report that pp60c-src represents 0.2-0.4% of total platelet protein. The expression of high levels of pp60c-src in platelets correlated with high levels of tot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.901
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian central nervous system, the excitatory amino acid transmitter L-glutamate activates three pharmacologically distinguishable receptors, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, and quisqualate receptors. The present paper addresses the issue of whether these three receptors operate independent channel...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.6.2083
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), characterized by progressive muscle weakness and deterioration, is genetically linked to aberrant expression of DUX4 in muscle. DUX4, in its full-length form, is cytotoxic in nongermline tissues. Here, we designed locked nucleic acid (LNA) gapmer antisense oligonucleotide...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909649117
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Dematerialization, represented by declining consumption per GDP of energy or of goods, offers some hope for rising environmental quality with development. The declining proportion of income spent on staples as affluence grows, which income elasticity <1.0 measures, makes dematerialization widespread. Further, as learn...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0806099105
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::The highly polymorphic system of serologically defined genetic markers on human IgG heavy chains (Gm allotypes) is second only to the HLA complex in terms of the large number of determinants, alleles, and haplotypes that can be used for analyses of disease associations and other genetic studies. However, present typin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.12.3762
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A chain, B chain/c-sis, and the PDGF receptor are expressed in human malignant glioma cell lines. In the present investigation we have studied the expression of these genes in biopsy specimens from human glioblastomas. Hyperplasia of the vascular endothelium is a pro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.20.7748
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred fifty years ago glial cells were discovered as a second, non-neuronal, cell type in the central nervous system. To ascribe a function to these new, enigmatic cells, it was suggested that they either glue the neurons together (the Greek word "gammalambdaiotaalpha" means "glue") or provide a robust scaffold ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0606150103
更新日期:2006-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key regulator of membrane fluidity, turns over rapidly, and represents a model for selective degradation of short-lived proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The mechanism whereby specific ER proteins are targeted for degradation in the midst of stable proteins coexisting in th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.16.8883
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) underlies the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis. Environmental factors, such as Bordetella pertussis, are thought to sensitize central endothelium to biogenic amines like histamine, thereby leading to increased BBB permeabi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1008816107
更新日期:2010-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Damage to the protooncogene MYC has been implicated in the genesis of diverse human tumors, but the tumorigenic potential of the isolated gene has been disputed. Here we report the use of a retroviral vector to test the potency of human MYC for neoplastic transformation in avian cells. We found that sustained and abun...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.6.2102
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The visual (retinoid) cycle, the enzymatic pathway that regenerates chromophore after light absorption, is located primarily in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and is essential for rod photoreceptor survival. Whether this pathway also is essential for cone photoreceptor survival is unknown, and there are no data ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0706367104
更新日期:2007-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::The blind Mexican cave tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, is a unique model system for the study of parallelism and the evolution of cave-adapted traits. Understanding the genetic basis for these traits has recently become feasible thanks to production of a genome-wide linkage map and quantitative trait association analyses. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0806238105
更新日期:2008-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::This paper identifies all statistically significant dyad symmetry combinations in the Epstein-Barr virus genome. The distribution of long dyad symmetry pairings emphasizes two regions, the 5' third of the 3.1-kilobase-pair (kbp) repeat and the oriP region, the latter essential for Epstein-Barr virus replication during...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.18.6915
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a chemotactic cytokine that binds to the CD4 receptor and affects the activation of T cells and replication of HIV. It is expressed as a large 67-kDa precursor protein (pro-IL-16) in lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells, as well as in airway epithelial cells from asthmatics after challeng...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1541
更新日期:1999-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::Presented analysis of human and fly life tables proves that with the specified accuracy their entire survival and mortality curves are uniquely determined by a single point (e.g., by the birth mortality q(0)), according to the law, which is universal for species as remote as humans and flies. Mortality at any age decr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.15368
更新日期:1999-12-21 00:00:00