Coordinate regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal firing patterns by cytosolic calcium and store depletion.

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hop2 and Mnd1 are abundant meiosisspecific chromosomal proteins, and mutations in the corresponding genes lead to defects in meiotic recombination and in homologous chromosome interactions during mid-prophase. Analysis of various double mutants suggests that HOP2, MND1, and DMC1 act in the sam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen YK,Leng CH,Olivares H,Lee MH,Chang YC,Kung WM,Ti SC,Lo YH,Wang AH,Chang CS,Bishop DK,Hsueh YP,Wang TF

更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid method for quantitating products of the oligodeoxynucleotide processing reaction in vitro has been developed to facilitate enzymatic studies of the retroviral integrases. Unlike earlier procedures, this assay does not depend on polyacrylamide gel electrphoresis but separates products by batch adsorption to PEI...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Müller B,Jones KS,Merkel GW,Skalka AM

更新日期：1993-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental work in animals has shown that memory formation depends on a cascade of molecular events. Here we show that variability of human memory performance is related to variability in genes encoding proteins of this signaling cascade, including the NMDA and metabotrobic glutamate receptors, adenylyl cyclase, CAM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： de Quervain DJ,Papassotiropoulos A

更新日期：2006-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental loss of neurons in sympathetic, sensory, and some parasympathetic ganglia in familial dysautonomia suggests an inherited defect in the action of beta-nerve growth factor (beta-NGF). The role of this growth factor in dysautonomia has been difficult to resolve as there is no known source of authentic h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breakefield XO,Orloff G,Castiglione C,Coussens L,Axelrod FB,Ullrich A

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants sense phosphate (Pi) deficiency and initiate signaling that controls adaptive responses necessary for Pi acquisition. Herein, evidence establishes that AtSIZ1 is a plant small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase and is a focal controller of Pi starvation-dependent responses. T-DNA insertional mutated allel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miura K,Rus A,Sharkhuu A,Yokoi S,Karthikeyan AS,Raghothama KG,Baek D,Koo YD,Jin JB,Bressan RA,Yun DJ,Hasegawa PM

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial barrier disruption is a major cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the mechanism through which epigenetic regulation modulates intestinal epithelial integrity remains largely undefined. Here we show that EZH2, the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex (PRC2), is indispensable for m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Y,Peng J,Sun T,Li N,Zhang L,Ren J,Yuan H,Kan S,Pan Q,Li X,Ding Y,Jiang M,Cong X,Tan M,Ma Y,Fu D,Cai S,Xiao Y,Wang X,Qin J

更新日期：2017-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecules of transfer RNA (tRNA) typically contain four stems composed of Watson-Crick (W-C) base pairs and infrequent mispairs such as G-U and A-C. The latter mispairs are fundamental units of RNA secondary structure found in nearly every class of RNA and are nearly isomorphic to W-C pairs. Therefore, they often subs...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClain WH

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Women outnumber men in undergraduate enrollments, but they are much less likely than men to major in mathematics or science or to choose a profession in these fields. This outcome often is attributed to the effects of negative sex-based stereotypes. We studied the effect of such stereotypes in an experimental market, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reuben E,Sapienza P,Zingales L

更新日期：2014-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Although gamma frequency oscillations are common in the brain, their functional contributions to neural computation are not understood. Here we report in vitro electrophysiological recordings to evaluate how noisy gamma frequency oscillatory input interacts with the overall activation level of a neuron to determine th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markowitz DA,Collman F,Brody CD,Hopfield JJ,Tank DW

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Heme is a common factor linking several metabolic perturbations in Alzheimer's disease (AD), including iron metabolism, mitochondrial complex IV, heme oxygenase, and bilirubin. Therefore, we determined whether heme metabolism was altered in temporal lobes obtained at autopsy from AD patients and age-matched nondemente...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atamna H,Frey WH 2nd

更新日期：2004-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In nonneuronal cells, several plasma membrane proteins such as exofacial enzymes, receptors, and ion channels recycle between their intracellular compartment(s) and the cell surface via an endosomal pathway. In neurons, however, this pathway has not been extensively characterized. In particular, it remains unclear whe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thoidis G,Chen P,Pushkin AV,Vallega G,Leeman SE,Fine RE,Kandror KV

更新日期：1998-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenic species of Yersinia contain the transcriptional regulator RovA. In Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica, RovA regulates expression of the invasion factor invasin (inv), which mediates translocation across the intestinal epithelium. A Y. enterocolitica rovA mutant has a significant dec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cathelyn JS,Crosby SD,Lathem WW,Goldman WE,Miller VL

更新日期：2006-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Certain cheU mutants of Salmonella show inverted chemotactic behavior, being repelled by attractants and attracted by repellents. Such a dramatic change in behavioral pattern would seem at first glance to require drastic and complex alterations in the sensory processing system. In fact, the behavior can be explained b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khan S,Macnab RM,DeFranco AL,Koshland DE Jr

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The underpinnings of STAT3 hyperphosphorylation resulting in enhanced signaling and cancer progression are incompletely understood. Loss-of-function mutations of enzymes that dephosphorylate STAT3, such as receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are encoded by the PTPR gene family, represent a plausible mechanis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lui VW,Peyser ND,Ng PK,Hritz J,Zeng Y,Lu Y,Li H,Wang L,Gilbert BR,General IJ,Bahar I,Ju Z,Wang Z,Pendleton KP,Xiao X,Du Y,Vries JK,Hammerman PS,Garraway LA,Mills GB,Johnson DE,Grandis JR

更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal changes of daylength (photoperiod) affect the expression of hormonal and behavioral circadian rhythms in a variety of organisms. In mammals, such effects might reflect photoperiodic changes in the circadian pace-making system [located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus] that governs thes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sumová A,Trávnícková Z,Peters R,Schwartz WJ,Illnerová H

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the factors that shape macroevolutionary patterns in functional traits is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Alternative strategies of sexual reproduction (inbreeding vs. outcrossing) have divergent effects on population genetic structure and could thereby broadly influence trait evolution. However,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell SA,Kessler A

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Duplication of genomic segments provides a primary resource for the origin of evolutionary novelties. However, most previous studies have focused on duplications of complete protein-coding genes, whereas little is known about the significance of duplication segments that are entirely internal to genes. Our examination...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao X,Lynch M

更新日期：2009-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We report here the biologically active conformation of acetylcholine when bound to the high-affinity state of the receptor from Torpedo californica. The acetylcholine conformation was determined in the free and bound states by proton NMR two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effects. In agreement with x-ray crystallograp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Behling RW,Yamane T,Navon G,Jelinski LW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal ablation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the rat has two important consequences. First, the direct projection from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus fails to develop and no other retinal projection to any hypothalamic nucleus is formed. Second, circadian rhythms in drinking and spontaneous locomotor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mosko S,Moore RY

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The serum thymic factor (FTS) utilized in its synthetic or natural form loses its biological activity in a rosette assay after treatment with a metal ion-chelating agent, Chelex 100. This activity is restored by the addition of Zn salts and, to a lesser extent, certain other metal salts. FTS activation is secondary to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dardenne M,Pléau JM,Nabarra B,Lefrancier P,Derrien M,Choay J,Bach JF

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-dimensional objects such as molecular strands, ladders, and sheets have intrinsic features that affect their propensity to fold into 3D objects. Understanding this relationship remains a challenge for de novo design of functional structures. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the refolding of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dodd PM,Damasceno PF,Glotzer SC

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Tridymite, a low-pressure, high-temperature (>870 °C) SiO2 polymorph, was detected in a drill sample of laminated mudstone (Buckskin) at Marias Pass in Gale crater, Mars, by the Chemistry and Mineralogy X-ray diffraction instrument onboard the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity The tridymitic mudstone has ∼40 wt....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morris RV,Vaniman DT,Blake DF,Gellert R,Chipera SJ,Rampe EB,Ming DW,Morrison SM,Downs RT,Treiman AH,Yen AS,Grotzinger JP,Achilles CN,Bristow TF,Crisp JA,Des Marais DJ,Farmer JD,Fendrich KV,Frydenvang J,Graff TG,Mo

更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal pancreatic beta cells demonstrate a deficient insulin release in response to glucose, but the underlying mechanism at the cellular level is unknown. By using beta cells from 21-day fetal rats we made an attempt to clarify the mechanism(s) behind this reduced glucose response. In addition to measuring insulin rel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rorsman P,Arkhammar P,Bokvist K,Hellerström C,Nilsson T,Welsh M,Welsh N,Berggren PO

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optical spectra of biological polymers contain important information about their structure and function in living organisms. This information can be accessed by extracting an optical interaction of monomers, i.e., their exciton coupling, from experimental data. This coupling is sensitive to molecular structure, geomet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burin AL,Armbruster ME,Hariharan M,Lewis FD

更新日期：2009-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous work [Levinger, L. & Varshavsky, A. (1982) Cell 28, 375-385] has shown that D1, a 50-kilodalton chromosomal protein of Drosophila melanogaster, is specifically associated with isolated nucleosomes that contain a complex A + T-rich satellite DNA with buoyant density of 1.688 g/ml. We show here that D1 is a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levinger L,Varshavsky A

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight polypeptides (HMWPs) of 270,000 to 340,000 were found to be major components of intermediate filaments prepared by Triton X-100 extraction after spreading of rat glioma C6, HeLa, Chinese hamster ovary, and simian virus 40-transformed Chinese hamster lung cells. C6 HMWPs were shown to resemble hig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pytela R,Wiche G

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes present in mammals with 16 isoforms that differ in terms of catalytic activity as well as cellular and tissue distribution. CAs catalyze the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons and are involved in various physiological processes, including learning and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt SD,Costa A,Rani B,Godfried Nachtigall E,Passani MB,Carta F,Nocentini A,de Carvalho Myskiw J,Furini CRG,Supuran CT,Izquierdo I,Blandina P,Provensi G

更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of cardiac contraction by neurotransmitters and hormones is often correlated with regulation of the L-type Ca2(+)-channel current (ICa) through the opposite actions of two second messengers, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. While cyclic AMP stimulation of ICa is mediated by the activation of cyclic AMP-dependent ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Méry PF,Lohmann SM,Walter U,Fischmeister R

更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:After treatment with nitrite, Japanese soy sauce was strongly mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S9 mixture. Two precursors of the mutagen were isolated from Japanese soy sauce, and these were identified as (-)-(1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid [(-)-(1S,3S)-MTCA] and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wakabayashi K,Ochiai M,Saitô H,Tsuda M,Suwa Y,Nagao M,Sugimura T

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive-strand RNA viruses are the largest virus class and include many pathogens such as hepatitis C virus and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS). Brome mosaic virus (BMV) is a representative positive-strand RNA virus whose RNA replication, gene expression, and encapsidation have been reproduce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kushner DB,Lindenbach BD,Grdzelishvili VZ,Noueiry AO,Paul SM,Ahlquist P

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00