Abstract:
:Peroxidase-conjugated antibodies were found to be as sensitive as those conjugated to fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC) for identification of selected enterovirus types by the indirect technique. Peroxidase conjugates, however, were found to give fewer nonspecific reactions. The reasons for the higher specificity of the immunoperoxidase technique appear to be related to the relative size, charge, and uniformity of the preparations. Monomers of peroxidase-conjugated globulin are larger than those of FITC conjugates, but the latter readily form aggregates. This was shown by chromatography on Sepharose 6B columns: various FITC-conjugated globulins eluted before those conjugated to peroxidase and before (125)I-labeled immunoglobulin G. The net charge of the conjugates was determined by adsorption to ion-exchange columns. FITC-labeled globulins had a negative net charge, eluting at pH 5.1 from diethylamino-ethyl-Sephadex A-50 columns. Peroxidase conjugates were not retained by either cationic or anionic exchangers at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 10.5. Further, the fluorescein/protein ratios of FITC conjugates from different commercial sources and of those prepared in the laboratory were found to be variable; higher fluorescein/protein ratios (>2:1) give a higher degree of nonspecific reactions, whereas the peroxidase/protein ratio does not appear to affect specificity. These characteristics of peroxidase conjugates make the immunoperoxidase technique easier to standardize and more reliable for enterovirus identification than the immunofluorescence technique.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Herrmann JE,Morse SA,Collins MFdoi
10.1128/IAI.10.1.220-226.1974subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1974-07-01 00:00:00pages
220-6issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Commercial fluid used for peritoneal lavage in peritonitis and in peritoneal dialysis suppressed the activity of peripheral blood leukocytes as measured by chemiluminescence, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing. Suppression was found to be due to the low pH and high osmolality of the fluid. The pH was adjusted to noni...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.33.1.130-135.1981
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An immunoregulatory mechanism involving release of neutralizing autoantibodies (Aabs) to self cytokines during bacterial infections is presented herein. Intraperitoneal inoculation of Haemophilus influenzae type b into Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in a self-limiting meningitis. High levels of cells expressing mRNA for...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.8.3300-3303.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine hybridoma cell lines were developed which synthesized monoclonal antibodies against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-associated antigens. Monoclonal antibodies specific for an antigen(s) common to all A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates tested but not detected on other gram-negative oral plaque microorganisms...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1394-1398.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Fcγ receptor IIIb (FcγRIIIb) is a low-affinity receptor of IgG and is essential in neutrophil-mediated effector functions. Different allelic forms of FcγRIIIb carrying human neutrophil antigen (HNA-1a, -1b, -1c, and -1d) have been identified. Here, we have generated stable transfected HEK293 cell lines expressing ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00924-17
更新日期:2018-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::One mechanism by which interferons (IFNs) can inhibit chlamydial infection is by the induction of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which restricts the availability of tryptophan, which is required for chlamydial growth. Other immunomodulating agents, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), can interact synergisti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.5.1870-1875.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of sepsis in severely burned patients. If it is not eradicated from the wound, it translocates to the bloodstream, causing sepsis, multiorgan failure, and death. We recently described the P. aeruginosa heparinase-encoding gene, hepP, whose expression w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00755-17
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The concept that relates low virulence of certain alphaviruses to low viremia and efficient vascular clearance of virus was tested in guinea pigs. Previously published studies with hamsters suggested that virulent strains maintain high viremias primarily because they are cleared inefficiently from the blood. In the pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.17.2.356-360.1977
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bartonella henselae is a recently recognized pathogenic bacterium associated with cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and bacillary peliosis. This study describes the cloning, sequencing, and characterization of an antigenic autotransporter gene from B. henselae. A cloned 6.0-kb BclI-EcoRI DNA fragment expres...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00533-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) of Staphylococcus aureus are believed to be implicated in the pathogen's adherence to and colonization of bovine mammary glands, thus leading to infectious mastitis. In vitro studies have shown that FnBPs help the adhesion of the pathogen to bovine mammary epithelial cells. How...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2292-2295.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus nitric oxide synthase (saNOS) is a major contributor to virulence, stress resistance, and physiology, yet the specific mechanism(s) by which saNOS intersects with other known regulatory circuits is largely unknown. The SrrAB two-component system, which modulates gene expression in response to the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00570-18
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::The immunogenicity of the two major group 19 pneumococcal polysaccharides, types 19F and 19A, was studied in human volunteers. Antibody responses after vaccination with either 50 micrograms of type 19F polysaccharide, 50 micrograms of type 19A polysaccharide, or 25 micrograms of both polysaccharides premixed in a sing...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.3.1261-1262.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative rod and the causative agent of melioidosis, an emerging infectious disease of tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. B. pseudomallei harbors a remarkable number of virulence factors, including six type VI secretion systems (T6SS). Using our previously described plaque as...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01544-14
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Active immunization with Porphyromonas gingivalis whole-cell preparations has been shown to prevent P. gingivalis infection and oral bone loss. Employing passive antibody transfer and opsonization, we demonstrate with this study that immunization-elicited P. gingivalis-specific immunoglobulin G facilitates clearance o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.4.2408-2411.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improvement of antibody responses to polysaccharides through their linkage to proteins is thought to be mediated by protein-specific T helper (Th) cells. To investigate whether the carrier protein of a conjugate could be substituted by a Th epitope, Streptococcus pneumoniae type 17F polysaccharide (PS) was bromoacetyl...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.3.961-968.1995
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrastructural appearance of the "halozone" formed at the interface between the spotted fever agent Rickettsia rickettsii and the cytoplasm of persistently infected cultured vole cells (Microtus pennsylvanicus) was studied by transmission electron microscopy. In sections of epoxy-embedded specimens stained with u...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.3.1252-1260.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits are not usually susceptible to intestinal Shigella infection without extensive pretreatment, including starvation and administration of antimicrobial, antimotility, and toxic agents (carbon tetrachloride). Most animals infected this way die rapidly and do not always develop colonic lesions and signs of dysente...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.11.4350-4357.1995
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (MABs) specific for Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin were produced by fusion of P3X63Ag8.653 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with purified enterotoxin. Wells containing hybridomas secreting immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against enterot...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.2.442-448.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various pathogenic bacteria with the capacity to live within eukaryotic cells activate an apoptotic program in infected host cells. Induction of apoptosis by Listeria monocytogenes in murine dendritic cells and hepatocytes has been described. Here we address the questions of whether and how the pathogen kills macropha...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.10.4075-4081.1997
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a purified beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies virus, a significant increase in footpad swelling was elicited in normal or in BCG-pretreated mice after immunization with varying doses of rabies vaccine. These footpad reactions were shown to peak at 24 h and to be associated with an infiltration of newly formed ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.21.3.931-939.1978
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcus neoformans NIH 409 was cultured in a defined medium containing D-[1-13C]xylose (Xyl), D-[1-13C]mannose (Man), or D-[1-13C]mannitol as the sole carbon source. The distribution of 13C in the Man, Xyl, glucuronic acid (GlcA), and O-acetyl constituents of native and de-O-acetylated glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.6.2996-2998.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage recognition of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium leads to a cascade of signaling events, including the activation of Src family and Syk kinases and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are critical for host innate defense during early stages of bacterial infection. ROS production dep...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00115-08
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The smooth lipopolysaccharide complex of the outer surface of smooth Brucella abortus cells is believed to be the antigenic component involved in serological tests routinely used for the diagnosis of brucellosis. Sera from cattle vaccinated or infected with B. abortus generally contain antibody directed toward the smo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.21.3.994-1002.1978
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular cysteine protease from Streptococcus pyogenes is a virulence factor that plays a significant role in host-pathogen interaction. Streptococcal protease is expressed as an inactive 40-kDa precursor that is autocatalytically converted into a 28-kDa mature (active) enzyme. Replacement of the single cyste...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.9.4326-4333.1999
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two distinct monoclonal antibodies, one to pertussis toxin subunit S2, called 9G8, and another to subunits S2 and S3, called 11E6, were generated from the hybridomas of myeloma SP2/0 and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized mainly with the subunit S234 complex. Binding ability of 9G8 and 11E6 to the subunits was conf...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.4.909-915.1987
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports have demonstrated that Bordetella pertussis has invasive behavior in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we investigated the ability of a virulent strain, avirulent mutants, and mutants deficient in specific virulence factors to enter and survive intracellularly in human macrophages in vitro. Uptake of vi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.11.4578-4585.1992
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic lipid A analogs which have two amide-bound and two ester-bound (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl groups at the C-2 and -2' and C-3 and -3' positions of beta(1-6)glucosamine disaccharide mono- or diphosphates showed high activities in most in vitro assays, and the lethality of a diphosphate derivative to galactosami...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.1.293-296.1984
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hemolytic and sphingomyelinase C activities of supernatants of cultures of Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona tended to copurify when isoelectric fractionation was carried out. Both activities focused primarily at pH 8.1. Considered in conjunction with other circumstantial evidence, the results led to the concl...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.1.262-264.1986
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigens were extracted from a virulent isolate of Pasteurella multocida (serotype 3, 12, 15:D) with potassium thiocyanate, and a vaccine was prepared. Pasteurella-free rabbits were vaccinated intranasally and intraconjuctivally twice with a 2-week interval and challenged intranasally with the homologous P. multocida ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.3.498-504.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-mediated immunity is pivotal in host resistance to Blastomyces dermatitidis infection. Immunization of mice with the WI-1 adhesin enhances resistance against experimental pulmonary infection but elicits features of a mixed T-helper-cell immune response. Immune mice acquire delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) but ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.12.7172-7174.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Citrobacter rodentium, an attaching-effacing bacterial pathogen, establishes an acute infection of the murine colonic epithelium and induces a mild colitis in immunocompetent mice. This study describes the role of T-cell subsets and B lymphocytes in immunity to C. rodentium. C57Bl/6 mice orally infected with C. rodent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.5077-5086.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00