Abstract:
:The establishment of the new diagnostic category, Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD), has stimulated biological studies of patients with this disorder. Such studies offer the potential of better understanding the diagnosis and treatment of SPD as well as more clearly defining the boundaries of the schizophrenic disorders. SPD has been studied in the clinical setting, in family studies of schizophrenia, and in the biological high-risk paradigm. In most cases, biological variables associated with schizophrenia have been evaluated. Decreased activities of plasma amine oxidase and platelet monoamine oxidase have been associated with SPD in the families of schizophrenics and in "biological high-risk" studies. Smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) impairment has also been associated with SPD in a "biological high-risk" study of college students. Inferior backward masking performance has been demonstrated in SPD patients in the clinical setting. Other studies using psychophysiological measures have been applied to subjects with psychological characteristics similar to DSM-III SPD and found biological abnormalities similar to those reported in schizophrenia. These studies are consistent with the possibility that some individuals with SPD may share common psychobiological abnormalities with schizophrenic individuals and may sharpen our understanding of SPD and its relationship to schizophrenia.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Siever LJdoi
10.1093/schbul/11.4.564subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
564-75issue
4eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Social cognitive deficits are associated with psychotic symptoms, but the nature of this association remains unknown. This study uses a genetically sensitive cross-trait cross-sibling design to investigate the nature of the overlap between both phenotypes. A sample of 1032 patients, 1017 of their healthy siblings, and...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr058
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was (1) to identify the demographic and psychosocial characteristics of Korean-Americans with schizophrenia, and (2) to compare the demographic and psychosocial characteristics of Korean-Americans with schizophrenia to African-American, Latino, and Euro-American individuals with schizophrenia...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006974
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive deficits are a central feature of schizophrenia and occur in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands, even in the absence of psychotic symptoms. A number of cognitive domains have been implicated including measures of response inhibition and working memory. While the stability of cognitive deficits ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm104
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1994 Link and Stueve identified a number of symptoms--called threat/control-override (TCO) symptoms--that were significantly more than others related to violence. This was confirmed by some, but not all, following studies. The contradictory results could be due to remarkable differences in sample compositions, sour...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007066
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported associations between childhood adversities, eg, loss of a parent, being raised in institutional care, sexual and other kinds of abuse by adults and bullying by peers, and psychosis in adulthood. However, the mechanisms by which these adversities lead to psychotic experiences are poorly u...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs049
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two indices that have been proposed for quantifying the accuracy of smooth-following eye movements are shown to be interchangeable. This algebraic fact will permit comparability of values between laboratories only if workers who employ the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) as their index measure S and N as the total sig...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/7.2.204
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a long-term study in schizophrenia, a model of family intervention has been developed which attempts to diminish relapse rates of schizophrenic patients. This model reflects theoretical and research findings which suggest that certain patients have a "core psychological deficit" that might increase vulnerab...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/6.3.490
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although glutamate was first hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia in the 1980s, it was the demonstration that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, the dissociative anesthetics, could replicate the full range of psychotic, negative, cognitive, and physiologic features of schi...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs076
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence and demographic and clinical correlates of lifetime substance use disorders were examined in a cohort of 325 recently hospitalized psychiatric patients (53% schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder). Alcohol use was the most common type of substance use disorder, followed by cannabis and cocaine use. U...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033438
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While many who hear auditory hallucinations (AHs) experience them as unpleasant, some do not. Little is known about the correlates of AHs that are not unpleasant, or of the characteristics of those who hear them. To better understand this symptom, we used a comprehensive structured interview schedule to study 199 subj...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007060
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Embodied emotions arise from interoceptive and somatosensory processes, and are essential to the development of a stable sense of self. Emotional embodiment is therefore inherently interwoven with our sense of bodily self-awareness, and allows us to navigate complex social situations. Given that the core feat...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby179
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::While previous studies have found an increased incidence of schizophrenia in some immigrant groups, differences in age of onset in these groups has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare age of first hospitalization of (1) native-born people versus immigrants, (2) immigrants from different countri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006956
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the main questions related to schizophrenia is, naturally enough, what is it? Such a question may seem obvious, naive, impossible, or any combination of these. And certainly it is a bit demanding to expect that anyone could say what schizophrenia is in 1,000 words. On the other hand, we felt that it was worth t...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/8.3.433
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 5% and 10% of people with psychosis will die by suicide, a rate which is 20-75 times higher than the general population. This risk is even greater in those not taking antipsychotic medication. We examined whether negative appraisals of psychotic experiences and negative metacognitive beliefs about losing menta...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby153
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature and definition of schizotypy, as the latent liability for schizophrenia capable of generating various phenotypic and endophenotypic outcomes, is reviewed. The proceedings of the 2017 meeting of the International Consortium on Schizotypy Research are included in this Special Section and they are presented as...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type:
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby083
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Stressful life events have been implicated in the onset of psychotic disorders, but there are few robust studies. We sought to examine the nature and magnitude of associations between adult life events and difficulties and first-episode psychoses, particularly focusing on contextual characteristics, including...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa005
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the neural correlates of practice-associated activation changes in patients with schizophrenia and their association with symptom severity. A group of patients (n = 24) were divided into more successful and less successful learners and were asked to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq028
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similarities in clinical course, age of onset, geographical distribution, and immunological responses of patients with schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis (MS) suggest that these two common illnesses of young adults may belong to a similar class of disorders. This review examines some of the similarities and differen...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/14.2.231
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cannabis use has been identified as a potent predictor of the earlier onset of psychosis, but meta-analysis has not indicated that it has a clear effect in established psychosis. AIM:To assess the association between cannabis and outcomes, including whether change in cannabis use affects symptoms and functi...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr152
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antistigma campaigns have been promoting a medical view of schizophrenia. Given the growing body of research finding negative associations between biogenetic (BG) causal attributions and stigmatizing attitudes, this approach must be reappraised. The present study investigates the impact of different psychoeducational ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm131
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the schizophrenic disorganization syndrome, which was initially described by Bleuler (who used the term "dissociation") as lying at the heart of schizophrenia. While adopting a neo-Bleulerian approach, we describe schizophrenic disorganization using a pathogenetic hypothesis and a three-part st...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007019
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::On September 18, 2007, a collaborative session between the International Society for CNS Clinical Trials and Methodology and the International Society for CNS Drug Development was held in Brussels, Belgium. Both groups, with membership from industry, academia, and governmental and nongovernmental agencies, have been f...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn110
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mobile assessment techniques have been used for nearly 3 decades in mental health research, including in investigations of individuals with schizophrenia and other severe disorders. This article reviews the benefits of these data collection strategies relative to traditional self-report or clinician-administered measu...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr186
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the factors that influence antipsychotic use among youth treated in public inpatient facilities. By combining data from 11 focus groups, a survey of 43 researchers and clinicians, and a chart review of 100 closed patient charts, we investigated the interplay between physicians' and staff members'...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006913
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Every year numerous reports on antipsychotic drug trials are being published in neuropsychiatric journals, adding new information to our knowledge in the field. The information however is often hard for the reader to interpret, sometimes contradictory to comparable available studies and leaves more questions open than...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm159
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) and the first episode of psychosis have been associated with structural brain abnormalities that could aid in the individualized early recognition of psychosis. However, it is unknown whether the development of these brain alterations predates the clinical deteri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs095
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is some support for the hypothesis that the factor structure of schizophrenia symptoms is similar to the factor structure of schizotypal symptoms in nonschizophrenia populations. However, no studies to date have examined schizotypal symptoms in patients with personality disorders. In this study, confirmatory fac...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.3.501
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Negative and positive symptoms were investigated in a sample of 72 young schizophrenic and depressed patients at followup approximately 1 1/2 years after hospital discharge. Flat affect, poverty of speech, and psychomotor retardation were included as negative symptoms, and delusions, hallucinations, and florid thought...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/10.3.371
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded from the human scalp is widely used to study cognitive and brain functions in schizophrenia. Current research efforts are primarily devoted to the assessment of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs), extracted from the ongoing EEG, in patients wit...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm016
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrument-based scores are often used as outcome measures. However, little is known about what changes in scores mean in terms of a clinical assessment of improvement or deterioration. The purpose of this report was to determine how much change in standard instrument scores represents a clinically detectable improvem...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006869
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00