Abstract:
:The toxicity of Chlamydia trachomatis was studied with mouse peritoneal macrophage culture. Inoculation of 30 inclusion-forming units of trachoma B/TW-5/OT organisms and 250 inclusion-forming units of lymphogranuloma venereum L2/434/Bu organisms per cell caused immediated toxicity, with the killing of 40 to 90% of the macrophages within 6 h after inoculation. Inhibition of phagocytosis by adsorption at 0 degrees C or by NaF pretreatment of macrophages prevented the toxicity, indicating that chlamydiae must be phagocytized to induce toxicity. Infectivity and toxicity could be dissociated, since ultraviolet-inactivated chlamydiae were still toxic. However, the toxicity was destroyed by heating the organisms at 56 degrees C for 10 min. Tetracycline, and antichlamydial drug, did not prevent toxicity, indicating that multiplication of the organisms was not required to induce toxicity. Toxicity was not prevented by treatment of macrophages with hydrocortisone. The toxicity of trachoma TW-5 was reduced by the rabbit immune serum of trachoma TW-5 but not by the rabbit immune serum of psittacosis meningopneumonitis.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Kuo CCdoi
10.1128/IAI.20.3.613-618.1978subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-06-01 00:00:00pages
613-8issue
3eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Humoral and cellular immune responses to several antigens were compared in control and hypercholesterolemic groups of monkeys. Chronic hypercholesterolemia, with concomitant hyperphospholipidemia and hypotriglyceridemia, was produced experimentally by feeding monkeys a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. When studied pri...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.8.1.105-109.1973
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inbred strain 2 guinea pigs were vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG or were left unvaccinated and challenged 6 weeks later by the respiratory route with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By using a double rosette assay with isotype-specific antibody-coated ox and uncoated rabbit erythrocytes, the proportions o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.5.1374-1379.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled previous trial, the efficacy of Vi-rEPA for typhoid fever in 2- to 5-year-olds was 89.0% for 46 months. Vi-rEPA contained 25 microg of Vi and induced a greater-than-eightfold rise in immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-Vi in all of the vaccinees tested. In this investigati...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.11.6586-6588.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin E protects nonimmunized and immunized mice against fatal Diplococcus pneumoniae type I (DpI) infection. A dietary supplementation of 180 mg of dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate per kg of diet increased survival of nonimmunized mice from 20 to 80% when challenged with 20 organisms, and of mice immunized with 0.5 ng o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.6.1292-1295.1974
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infection with group B Streptococcus (GBS) represents a prominent threat to neonates and fetuses in the Western world, causing severe organ damage and even death. To improve current therapeutic strategies and to investigate new approaches, an appropriate in vivo model to study the immune response of a human ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01235-12
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats and mice infected with Trypanosoma lewisi and Trypanosoma musculi, respectively, showed hyperreactivity to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. Fatal shock could be precipitated with a dose of LPS 100 to 1,000 times less in infected compared with noninfected animals. In trypanosome-infected rats ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.2.501-506.1984
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fibronectin (Fn)-binding adhesin of Staphylococcus aureus contains three tandem 37- or 38-amino-acid motifs (D1, D2, and D3), which function to bind Fn. Plasma from patients with S. aureus infections contain antibodies that preferentially recognize ligand induced binding sites in the D motifs and do not inhibit Fn b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.3.1156-1163.2000
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven antigens of Borrelia hermsii, B. parkeri, and B. turicatae with isoelectric points in the range of 4.4 to 5.0 and molecular masses of 40 to 43 kilodaltons played a role in the relapse phenomenon of relapsing fever. Based upon location of the antigens in the outer envelope, the molecular weight, and Western blot ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.3.899-902.1986
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Merozoite surface proteins of Plasmodium falciparum play a critical role in the invasion of human erythrocytes by the malaria parasite. Here we describe the identification of a novel protein with a molecular mass of 40 kDa that is found on the merozoite surface of P. falciparum. We call this protein merozoite surface ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.11.4460-4467.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adsorption of (3)H-labeled Streptococcus mutans 6715 cells to disks of hydroxyapatite (HA) was studied. The number of streptococci that adsorbed was logarithmically related to the concentration of cells available up to at least 2 x 10(8) per ml; equilibrium occurred within 45 min. Assay reliability was verified by...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.18.2.514-523.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a PCR-based strategy and degenerate oligonucleotides, we isolated a Legionella pneumophila gene that showed high sequence similarity to members of the fliI gene family. An insertion mutation that disrupted the fliI open reading frame was recombined onto the L. pneumophila chromosome and analyzed for its effects ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.6.2497-2501.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrosalpinx induction in mice by Chlamydia muridarum infection, a model that has been used to study C. trachomatis pathogenesis in women, is known to depend on the cryptic plasmid that encodes eight genes designated pgp1 to pgp8. To identify the plasmid-encoded pathogenic determinants, we evaluated C. muridarum trans...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02576-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) of Staphylococcus aureus are believed to be implicated in the pathogen's adherence to and colonization of bovine mammary glands, thus leading to infectious mastitis. In vitro studies have shown that FnBPs help the adhesion of the pathogen to bovine mammary epithelial cells. How...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2292-2295.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin was detected in human sera by using a cytotoxicity-neutralization assay. Serum antitoxin was present in high titer in all 14 patients who recovered from serious pseudomonas infections (log2 of 50% neutralization titer, mean +/- standard deviation = 6.0 +/- 1.2). In contrast,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.4.942-947.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Swine were infected orally with pure cultures of Treponema hyodysenteriae, and the humoral antibody response was measured by a passive hemolysis test (passive hemagglutination test with the use of complement). Antibody to T. hyodysenteriae was detected as early as 1 week and later on at 4 months after exposure. Howeve...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.4.1106-1108.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonococci from opaque colonies have cell wall outer membrane proteins that are lacking from organisms which form transparent colonies. These "colony opacity-associated" proteins are among a group of "minor" proteins that exhibit heat modification of their apparent subunit molecular sizes, are easily extracted by deoxy...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.28.1.54-64.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) is a recently identified AB5 subunit toxin produced by Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli. The A subunit is thought to be a subtilase-like, serine protease, whereas the B subunit binds to the toxin receptor on the cell surface. We cloned the genes from a clinical isolate; the toxin was produc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01336-06
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4; 12-epi-LTB4 isomer) from human granulocytes by thiol-activated toxins (streptolysin O, alveolysin from Bacillus alvei, and theta toxin from Clostridium perfringens) is described. The release occurs under noncytolytic conditions. Although LTB4 is the major com...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.3.844-851.1985
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relapsing fever is a rapidly progressive and severe septic disease caused by certain Borrelia spirochetes. The disease is divided into two forms, i.e., epidemic relapsing fever, caused by Borrelia recurrentis and transmitted by lice, and the endemic form, caused by several Borrelia species, such as B. duttonii, and tr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00007-06
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies suggested that nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) can form biofilms during human and chinchilla middle ear infections. Microscopic analysis of a 5-day biofilm of NTHI strain 2019 grown in a continuous-flow chamber revealed that the biofilm had a diffuse matrix interlaced with multiple water cha...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.7.4249-4260.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We constructed the expression vector pSK-SCP containing the streptococcal exotoxin B gene (spe b) which expressed protease activity. We showed that the recombinant streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin B/streptococcal cysteine protease (rSPE B/SCP) was secreted into the culture supernatant of the transformant and retained i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.7.3944-3947.2002
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell wall lytic enzyme (Kyowa lytic no. 2 enzyme) liberated arthritogenic hydrosoluble peptidoglycans from both arthritogenic and non-arthritogenic bacterial cell walls. From these cell walls, mutanolysin (peptidoglycan-degrading enzyme) also liberated hydrosoluble peptidoglycans which, however, lacked arthritogenicit...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.16.3.861-866.1977
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse fibroblasts (L cells) infected with the 6BC strain of Chlamydia psittaci released potassium ion (K(+)) into the extracellular milieu in a way that depended on size of inoculum and time after infection. When the multiplicity of infection was 500 to 1,000 50% infectious units (ID(50)) per L cell, loss of intracell...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.3.827-832.1978
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro or animal models have been used to investigate the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. However, extrapolation to humans of results obtained with these heterologous models remains difficult. We have developed a new model for the study of H. pylori infection that uses human entire embryonic stomachs ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common causes of diarrheal disease in the world. While numerous studies have identified important contributions of adaptive immune responses to parasite control, much less work has examined innate immunity and its connections to the adaptive response during this inf...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00074-16
更新日期:2016-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Mice immunized with a killed vaccine of phase I Bordetella bronchiseptica were challenged with various numbers of virulent B. bronchiseptica by intraperitoneal, intracerebral, or intranasal routes. The course of infection was compared among these routes, and the protective effect of vaccination was quantitatively anal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.2.598-603.1983
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moraxella catarrhalis is a causative agent of otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infections in adults suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This strict human pathogen continues to be a significant cause of disease in this broad spectrum of patients because there is no available...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00294-09
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phorbol myristate acetate stimulated oxidative metabolism in alveolar macrophages and blood neutrophils. This compound also stimulated lysozyme release from neutrophils but not from alveolar macrophages. These findings suggest that the regulation of lysozyme release from alveolar macrophages is different than for poly...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.21.2.669-671.1978
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two published sequences of the pertussis toxin operon differ in 3 bp in the S1 subunit gene. In this report, we provide evidence that Bordetella pertussis strains are able to produce active pertussis toxin only when they contain one of the two possible nucleotide sequences. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.3.1177-1179.1991
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio mimicus 61892, isolated in 1977 from a case of watery diarrhea in Bangladesh, produces an enterotoxin which possesses activity in Y-1 mouse adrenal cells and in rabbit ileal loops which is identical to the prototype cholera toxin (CT) produced by Vibrio cholerae 569B. The neutralization of the adrenal cell acti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.42.2.501-509.1983
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00