Abstract：
:Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides and nerve agents still pose a threat to the population. Treatment of OP poisoning is an ongoing challenge and burden for medical services. Standard drug treatment consists of atropine and an oxime as reactivator of OP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and is virtually unchanged since more than six decades. Established oximes, i.e. pralidoxime, obidoxime, TMB-4, HI-6 and MMB-4, are of insufficient effectiveness in some poisonings and often cover only a limited spectrum of the different nerve agents and pesticides. Moreover, the value of oximes in human OP pesticide poisoning is still disputed. Long-lasting research efforts resulted in the preparation of countless experimental oximes, and more recently non-oxime reactivators, intended to replace or supplement the established and licensed oximes. The progress of this development is slow and none of the novel compounds appears to be suitable for transfer into advanced development or into clinical use. This situation calls for a critical analysis of the value of oximes as mainstay of treatment as well as the potential and limitations of established and novel reactivators. Requirements for a straightforward identification of superior reactivators and their development to licensed drugs need to be addressed as well as options for interim solutions as a chance to improve the therapy of OP poisoning in a foreseeable time frame.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Worek F,Thiermann H,Wille Tdoi
10.1007/s00204-020-02797-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-01 00:00:00pages
2275-2292issue
7eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738pii
10.1007/s00204-020-02797-0journal_volume
94pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2B1b (SULT2B1b) sulfates cholesterol and oxysterols. Hepatic oval cells (HOCs), thought to be progenitor cells, can be triggered in chemically injured livers. The present study focused on the role of SULT2B1b in HOC proliferation after liver injury. Our experiments revealed that the exp...
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doi：10.1007/s00204-016-1693-z
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0844-0
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doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1030-8
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doi：10.1007/s00204-020-02762-x
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00368231
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050131
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-018-2238-4
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1007/s002040050057
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00293571
更新日期：1976-06-08 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0870-y
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00661377
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-006-0125-x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00296955
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00569234
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-016-1865-x
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00332484
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the isolated liver transient perfusion without calcium results in cholestasis which was characterized by an increased efflux rate across the sinusoidal membrane and inhibition of the concentrative transport of bromosulfophthalein to the canalicular side of the cell. Cholestasis could not be reversed within the usua...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303180
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040000196
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1042-4
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of chronic fluorosis on the dynamics (including fusion and fission proteins), fragmentation, and distribution of mitochondria in the cortical neurons of the rat brain in an attempt to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying the brain damage associated with exces...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0942-z
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
