Abstract：
:Vascular calcification, which involves the deposition of calcifying particles within the arterial wall, is mediated by atherosclerosis, vascular smooth muscle cell osteoblastic changes, adventitial mesenchymal stem cell osteoblastic differentiation, and insufficiency of the calcification inhibitors. Recent observations implied a role for mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells in vascular calcification. Mesenchymal stem cells reside in the bone marrow and the adventitial layer of arteries. Endothelial progenitor cells that originate from the bone marrow are an important mechanism for repairing injured endothelial cells. Mesenchymal stem cells may differentiate osteogenically by inflammation or by specific stimuli, which can activate calcification. However, the bioactive substances secreted from mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to mitigate vascular calcification by suppressing inflammation, bone morphogenetic protein 2, and the Wingless-INT signal. Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to vascular calcification. Vitamin D supplement has been used to modulate the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and to lessen vascular injury by stimulating adhesion and migration of endothelial progenitor cells. This narrative review clarifies the role of mesenchymal stem cells and the possible role of vitamin D in the mechanisms of vascular calcification.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Hou YC,Lu CL,Zheng CM,Liu WC,Yen TH,Chen RM,Lin YF,Chao CT,Lu KCdoi
10.3390/ijms21072466subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-02 00:00:00issue
7issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21072466journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Sulfur (S) is an essential element for all forms of life. It is involved in numerous essential processes because S is considered as the primary source of one of the essential amino acids, methionine, which plays an important role in biological events. For the control and regulation of sulfate in a metabolic network th...
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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更新日期：2019-10-18 00:00:00
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更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00
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