Membrane molecular crowding enhances MreB polymerization to shape synthetic cells from spheres to rods.

abstract：:In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), T helper cells exhibit increased and prolonged expression of cell-surface CD40 ligand (CD154), spontaneously overproduce interleukin-10 (IL-10), but underproduce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). We tested the hypothesis that the imbalance of these gene products reflects skewed expre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mishra N,Brown DR,Olorenshaw IM,Kammer GM

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteogenin was recently purified and the amino acid sequences of tryptic peptides were determined. Osteogenin in conjunction with insoluble collagenous bone matrix induces cartilage and bone formation in vivo. To understand the mechanism of action of osteogenin, we examined its influence on periosteal cells, osteoblas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vukicevic S,Luyten FP,Reddi AH

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The necroptosis cell death pathway has been implicated in host defense and in the pathology of inflammatory diseases. While phosphorylation of the necroptotic effector pseudokinase Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like (MLKL) by the upstream protein kinase RIPK3 is a hallmark of pathway activation, the precise checkpoints ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petrie EJ,Birkinshaw RW,Koide A,Denbaum E,Hildebrand JM,Garnish SE,Davies KA,Sandow JJ,Samson AL,Gavin X,Fitzgibbon C,Young SN,Hennessy PJ,Smith PPC,Webb AI,Czabotar PE,Koide S,Murphy JM

更新日期：2020-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The gamma-aminobutyrate-synthesizing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD; L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.15) is a major target of autoantibodies associated with both early and late stages of pancreatic beta-cell destruction and development of type 1 diabetes. We have used five monoclonal anti-islet-cell antibod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richter W,Shi Y,Baekkeskov S

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an investigation to determine how proteins are localized within the nucleus of a cell, we demonstrate that the restriction endonuclease EcoRI is able to enter and function within the nucleus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae when this prokaryotic protein is synthesized in vivo. The EcoRI endonuclease was produced in yeas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barnes G,Rine J

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A goal of regenerative medicine is to identify cardiovascular progenitors from human ES cells (hESCs) that can functionally integrate into the human heart. Previous studies to evaluate the developmental potential of candidate hESC-derived progenitors have delivered these cells into murine and porcine cardiac tissue, w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ardehali R,Ali SR,Inlay MA,Abilez OJ,Chen MQ,Blauwkamp TA,Yazawa M,Gong Y,Nusse R,Drukker M,Weissman IL

更新日期：2013-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-aa motif in transmembrane helix 1 of diphtheria toxin that is conserved in anthrax edema factor, anthrax lethal factor, and botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, C, and D was identified by blast, clustal w, and meme computational analysis. Using the diphtheria toxin-related fusion protein toxin DAB(389)IL-2, we demon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratts R,Trujillo C,Bharti A,vanderSpek J,Harrison R,Murphy JR

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Early events in both T-cell receptor (CD3)- and CD4-induced signal transduction pathways include tyrosine phosphorylation of protein substrates, the generation of phosphatidylinositol-phosphate breakdown products, and the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. Oxidative stress in T cells mediated by sulfhydryl-reactive n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kanner SB,Kavanagh TJ,Grossmann A,Hu SL,Bolen JB,Rabinovitch PS,Ledbetter JA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathologic extraskeletal bone formation, or heterotopic ossification (HO), occurs following mechanical trauma, burns, orthopedic operations, and in patients with hyperactivating mutations of the type I bone morphogenetic protein receptor ACVR1 (Activin type 1 receptor). Extraskeletal bone forms through an endochondral...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agarwal S,Loder S,Brownley C,Cholok D,Mangiavini L,Li J,Breuler C,Sung HH,Li S,Ranganathan K,Peterson J,Tompkins R,Herndon D,Xiao W,Jumlongras D,Olsen BR,Davis TA,Mishina Y,Schipani E,Levi B

更新日期：2016-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmid pT181 is a 4437-base-pair, multicopy plasmid of Staphylococcus aureus that encodes tetracycline resistance. The replication of the leading strand of pT181 DNA initiates by covalent extension of a site-specific nick generated by the initiator protein at the origin of replication and proceeds by an asymmetric ro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birch P,Khan SA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrothermal vent ecosystems support diverse life forms, many of which rely on symbiotic associations to perform functions integral to survival in these extreme physicochemical environments. Epsilonproteobacteria, found free-living and in intimate associations with vent invertebrates, are the predominant vent-associat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grzymski JJ,Murray AE,Campbell BJ,Kaplarevic M,Gao GR,Lee C,Daniel R,Ghadiri A,Feldman RA,Cary SC

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Predicting climate change impact on ecosystem structure and services is one of the most important challenges in ecology. Until now, plant species response to climate change has been described at the level of fixed plant functional types, an approach limited by its inflexibility as there is much interspecific functiona...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soudzilovskaia NA,Elumeeva TG,Onipchenko VG,Shidakov II,Salpagarova FS,Khubiev AB,Tekeev DK,Cornelissen JH

更新日期：2013-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of raite was solved and refined from data collected at Beamline Insertion Device 13 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, using a 3 x 3 x 65 microm single crystal. The refined lattice constants of the monoclinic unit cell are a = 15.1(1) A; b = 17.6(1) A; c = 5.290(4) A; beta = 100.5(2)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pluth JJ,Smith JV,Pushcharovsky DY,Semenov EI,Bram A,Riekel C,Weber HP,Broach RW

更新日期：1997-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Osedax is a recently discovered group of siboglinid annelids that consume bones on the seafloor and whose evolutionary origins have been linked with Cretaceous marine reptiles or to the post-Cretaceous rise of whales. Here we present whale bones from early Oligocene bathyal sediments exposed in Washington State, which...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiel S,Goedert JL,Kahl WA,Rouse GW

更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and related species have been suggested to play a key role in the astrochemical evolution of the interstellar medium, but the formation mechanism of even their simplest building block--the aromatic benzene molecule--has remained elusive for decades. Here we demonstrate in crossed molec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones BM,Zhang F,Kaiser RI,Jamal A,Mebel AM,Cordiner MA,Charnley SB

更新日期：2011-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Volcanic eruptions caused major weather and climatic changes on timescales ranging from hours to centuries in the past. Volcanic particles are injected in the atmosphere both as primary particles rapidly deposited due to their large sizes on time scales of minutes to a few weeks in the troposphere, and secondary parti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boulon J,Sellegri K,Hervo M,Laj P

更新日期：2011-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible role of guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate (pppGpp) in protein synthesis by Escherichia coli ribosomes and protein factors was examined. Although pppGpp could effectively substitute for GTP in reactions catalyzed by initiation factor 2 (ribosomal binding of fMet-tRNA and formation of N-formylmethion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamel E,Cashel M

更新日期：1973-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate remote detection of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with a microchip sensor consisting of a microfluidic channel and a microfabricated vapor cell (the heart of an atomic magnetometer). Detection occurs at zero magnetic field, which allows operation of the magnetometer in the spin-exchange relaxation-fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ledbetter MP,Savukov IM,Budker D,Shah V,Knappe S,Kitching J,Michalak DJ,Xu S,Pines A

更新日期：2008-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A cell of the bacterium Escherichia coli was tethered covalently to a glass coverslip by a single flagellum, and its rotation was stopped by using optical tweezers. The tweezers acted directly on the cell body or indirectly, via a trapped polystyrene bead. The torque generated by the flagellar motor was determined by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berry RM,Berg HC

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bacteria use acyl homoserine lactone signals to monitor cell density in a type of gene regulation termed quorum sensing and response. Synthesis of these signals is directed by homologs of the luxi gene of Vibrio fischeri. This communication resolves two critical issues concerning the synthesis of the V. fischeri ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaefer AL,Val DL,Hanzelka BL,Cronan JE Jr,Greenberg EP

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesothelin is a differentiation antigen present on the surface of ovarian cancers, mesotheliomas, and several other types of human cancers. Because among normal tissues, mesothelin is present only on mesothelial cells, it represents a good target for antibody-mediated delivery of cytotoxic agents. In the present study...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chowdhury PS,Viner JL,Beers R,Pastan I

更新日期：1998-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological "surprises" are defined as unexpected findings about the natural environment. They are critically important in ecology because they are catalysts for questioning and reformulating views of the natural world, help shape assessments of the veracity of a priori predictions about ecological trends and phenomena...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindenmayer DB,Likens GE,Krebs CJ,Hobbs RJ

更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased accumulation of lipofuscin in cells of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is seen in several forms of macular degeneration, a common cause of blindness in humans. A major fluorophore of lipofuscin is the toxic bis-retinoid, N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E). Previously, we generated mice with a kn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mata NL,Weng J,Travis GH

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate yeast sex chromosome evolution by comparing genome sequences from 16 species in the family Saccharomycetaceae, including data from genera Tetrapisispora, Kazachstania, Naumovozyma, and Torulaspora. We show that although most yeast species contain a mating-type (MAT) locus and silent HML and HMR loci str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon JL,Armisén D,Proux-Wéra E,ÓhÉigeartaigh SS,Byrne KP,Wolfe KH

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging and disease processes may be due to deleterious and irreversible changes produced by free radical reactions. The enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) performs a protective function by scavenging superoxide radicals. The Cu-Zn SOD gene (Sod) cloned...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seto NO,Hayashi S,Tener GM

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein-protein interactions allow the retinoid X receptor (RXR) to bind to cognate DNA as a homo- or a heterodimer and to participate in mediating the effects of a variety of hormones on gene transcription. Here we report a systematic study of the oligomeric state of RXR in the absence of a DNA template. We have used...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kersten S,Kelleher D,Chambon P,Gronemeyer H,Noy N

更新日期：1995-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of lutropin (LH; luteinizing hormone) alpha and beta subunits was examined in rat pituitaries incubated with [35S]methionine or [35S]sulfate. Combination was assessed by using antiserum directed against the beta subunit. The data show that combination of most of the subunits proceeds rapidly, well befo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoshina H,Boime I

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat cortical astrocytes in pure culture are functionally coupled to neighboring cells via connexin (Cx) 43 gap junctions under ordinary conditions. Small fluorescent molecules such as Lucifer yellow (LY) pass between cell interiors via gap junctions, but do not enter the cells when externally applied. Subjecting rat a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Contreras JE,Sánchez HA,Eugenin EA,Speidel D,Theis M,Willecke K,Bukauskas FF,Bennett MV,Sáez JC

更新日期：2002-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Commensal and pathogenic bacteria must deal with many different stress conditions to survive in and colonize the human gastrointestinal tract. One major challenge that bacteria encounter in the gut is the high concentration of bile salts, which not only aid in food absorption but also act as effective physiological an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cremers CM,Knoefler D,Vitvitsky V,Banerjee R,Jakob U

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular progenitors of the coronary vasculature are believed to enter the chicken heart during epicardial morphogenesis between stages 17 and 27 (days 3-5) of egg incubation. To trace cells which give rise to the coronary arteries in vivo, we applied retroviral cell tagging procedures and analyzed clonal populations ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mikawa T,Fischman DA

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00