Abstract:
:Hybrubins are "unnatural" alkaloids with the same 4'-methoxy-2,2'-bipyrrole-5'-methine moiety found in prodiginines and a different ring derived from tetramic acids. Here, we demonstrated that RedH, a homologue of prodigiosin synthetase PigC, was responsible for the biosynthesis of hybrubins A and B in Streptomyces lividansIn vitro reactions indicated that RedH and PigC catalyzed the intermolecular condensation between 4'-methoxy-2,2'-bipyrrole-5'-carbaldehyde (MBC) and (Z)-5-ethylidenetetramic acid (ETA) to produce hybrubin B. Moreover, we demonstrated that RedH and PigC activated MBC via phosphorylation of the aldehyde group to form an intermediate Pi-MBC and that the subsequent condensation between Pi-MBC and (Z)-5-ethylidenetetramic acid occurs in a nonenzymatic way.IMPORTANCE Hybrubins are an emerging class of prodiginines possessing a new C ring derived from 5'-substituted tetramic acids and the methylene bridge connecting the C ring at a different position. We have supposed that condensation between 4'-methoxy-2,2'-bipyrrole-5'-carbaldehyde (MBC) and 5-ethylidenetetramic acid (ETA) yields the hybrid natural products hybrubins, which was proposed to be catalyzed by the undecylprodigiosin synthetase RedH. However, it is doubted whether RedH is able to catalyze another type of condensation between MBC and tetramic acids. In this study, we have demonstrated that the MBC-ETA condensation proceeds through RedH/PigC-catalyzed enzymatic activation of MBC via phosphorylation and a nonenzymatic condensation of Pi-MBC with ETA. Since MBC analogues have been shown to be accepted by PigC, more hybrubin analogues might be produced by using combinations of MBC analogues and other tetramic acids in future studies.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Long Q,Jeffries DE,Lin S,Chen X,He W,Wang Y,Deng Z,Lindsley CW,Tao Mdoi
10.1128/AEM.02331-19subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-07 00:00:00issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02331-19journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Three 16S rRNA hybridization probes were developed and tested for genus-specific detection of Bifidobacterium species in the human fecal flora. Variable regions V2, V4, and V8 of the 16S rRNA contained sequences unique to this genus and proved applicable as target sites for oligodeoxynucleotide probes. Determination o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.8.3069-3075.1995
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norovirus is one of the most common causes of acute viral gastroenteritis. The virus is spread via the fecal-oral route, most commonly from infected food and water, but several outbreaks have originated from contamination of surfaces with infectious virus. In this study, a close surrogate of human norovirus causing ga...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03280-14
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The axy43A gene encoding the intracellular trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Recombinant PcAxy43A consisting of a glycoside hydrolase family 43 and a family 6 carbohydrate-binding module exhibited endo-xylanase, β-xylosidase, and arabin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02256-16
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Filamentous, gliding, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Thioploca were found on sediments in profundal areas of Lake Biwa, a Japanese freshwater mesotrophic lake, and were characterized morphologically and phylogenetically. The Lake Biwa Thioploca resembled morphologically Thioploca ingrica, a brackish water spe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.1.390-398.2003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biodegradation experiments with radioactively labeled trichloroethylene showed that 32% of the radioactive carbon was converted to glyoxylic acid, dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid and that the same percentage was converted to CO2 and CO after 140 h of incubation by a pure culture of a type II methane-utili...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.9.3067-3071.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilithic bacteria were isolated nonselectively from riverbed stones and examined by gel zymography for their ability to produce alkylsulfatase (AS) enzymes and thus to metabolize alkyl sulfate surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. The percentages of AS+ isolates from stone epilithon at five sites from the sourc...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.2.555-560.1988
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial bioremediation is a promising approach for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminants. Many degraders of PAHs possess efflux pump genes in their genomes; however, their specific roles in the degradation of PAHs have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, two efflux pumps, TtgABC a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01882-17
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we report simultaneous surface profile measurements of several bacterial species involved in microbially influenced corrosion and their solid-surface interfaces by using vertical scanning interferometry. The capacity to nondestructively quantify microscale topographic changes beneath a single bacterium without i...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02039-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A bacterial strain able to transform iprodione was isolated from a fast iprodione-degrading soil by enrichment procedures. Transformation was detected through 3,5-dichloroaniline production as measured by a rapid colorimetric method. The strain, MA6, was tentatively identified as an Arthrobacter sp. When it was incuba...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.9.3216-3220.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the characterization of the ccpA gene of Lactobacillus plantarum, coding for catabolite control protein A. The gene is linked to the pepQ gene, encoding a proline peptidase, in the order ccpA-pepQ, with the two genes transcribed in tandem from the same strand as distinct transcriptional units. Two ccpA trans...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.7.2903-2907.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that the human intestinal isolate Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 strongly adhered to Caco-2 cells. Proteinase K and lithium chloride treatments showed that proteins play a key role in MIMBb75 adhesion to Caco-2 cells. By studying the cell wall-associated proteins, we identified a surface protein, which we la...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00124-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, the ability of a commercial starter culture to perform a sausage fermentation is evaluated. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of several strains of the same species contained in the starter culture with different behavior during the fermentation, and the contribution of Lactobacillus curvatus, wh...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.1.942-945.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a chemically defined medium without L-alanine, Lactobacillus johnsonii was demonstrated to be strictly auxotrophic for that amino acid. A comparative genetic analysis showed that all known genes involved in L-alanine biosynthesis are absent from the genome of L. johnsonii. This auxotrophy was complemented by het...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.3.1869-1873.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Copper sulfate (CuSO4) has been widely used as an algicide to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) in freshwater lakes. However, there are increasing concerns about this application, due mainly to the general toxicity of CuSO4 to other aquatic species and its long-term persistence in the environ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01198-16
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial arrangements and associative behavior of Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Streptococcus oralis strains in an in vitro model of supragingival plaque were determined. Using species-specific fluorescence-labeled antibodies in conjunction with con...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.3.1343-1350.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the submersible JAGO and by scuba diving we discovered three remarkable geothermal cones, rising 33, 25, and 45 m from the seafloor at a depth of 65 m in Eyjafjordur, northern Iceland. The greatest geothermal activity was on the highest cone, which discharged up to 50 liters of freshwater per s at 72 degrees C an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.2.827-833.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus growth from spores was used as a simple bioassay for toxicity of Al and Mn mobilized by simulated acid precipitation. Al was identified as being toxic in soil leachates resulting from acid inputs of pH less than 2.7. Inhibition by Mn was not detectable. The addition of fluoride signifi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.758-761.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An agar medium containing 5% cholesterol has been developed for the isolation, enumeration, and characterization of cholesterol-reducing strains of Eubacterium. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.6.1130-1132.1980
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The broad-host-range (BHR) conjugative plasmids have developed diverse adaptive mechanisms defining the range of their promiscuity. The BHR conjugative RA3 plasmid, the archetype of the IncU group, can transfer between, replicate in, and be maintained in representatives of Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria Its st...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00847-20
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of hydroxyl radical (OH) production via quinone redox cycling in white-rot fungi was investigated to improve pollutant degradation. In particular, we examined the influence of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (anisaldehyde), Mn(2+), and oxalate on Pleurotus eryngii OH generation. Our standard quinone redox cycling ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02138-08
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus cereus UW85 produces a novel aminopolyol antibiotic, zwittermicin A, that contributes to the ability of UW85 to suppress damping-off of alfalfa caused by Phytophthora medicaginis. UW85 produces a second antibiotic, provisionally designated antibiotic B, which also contributes to suppression of damping-off but...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.12.4404-4412.1994
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first report of filamentous actinobacteria isolated from surface-sterilized root tissues of healthy wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat roots from a range of sites across South Australia were used as the source material for the isolation of the endophytic actinobacteria. Roots were surface-sterilize...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.9.5603-5608.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobial activities of sucrose monolaurate and a novel ester, lactose monolaurate (LML), were tested. Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria to both esters. The minimal bactericidal concentrations of LML were 5 to 9.5 mM for Listeria monocytogenes isolates and 0.2 to 2 mM for...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07701-11
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel, semicontinuous solid-phase fermentation system was used to produce fuel ethanol from sweet sorghum. The process was at an intermediate scale. In the process, dried and shredded sweet sorghum was rehydrated to 70% moisture, acidified to pH 2.0 to 3.0, and either pasteurized (12 h at 70 to 80 degrees C) or not ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.1.115-122.1986
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The culturability of three Campylobacter jejuni strains and their infectivity for day-old chicks were assessed following storage of the strains in saline. The potential for colonization of chicks was weakened during the storage period and terminated 3 to 4 weeks before the strains became nonculturable. The results fro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.5.2388-2392.2001
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peramine is an insect-feeding deterrent produced by Epichloë species in symbiotic association with C3 grasses. The perA gene responsible for peramine synthesis encodes a two-module nonribosomal peptide synthetase. Alleles of perA are found in most Epichloë species; however, peramine is not produced by many perA-contai...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03721-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from fuel-contaminated subsurface soil, strain PRTOL1, mineralizes toluene as the sole electron donor and carbon source under strictly anaerobic conditions. The mineralization of 80% of toluene carbon to CO2 was demonstrated in experiments with [ring-U-14C]toluene; 15% of to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.4.1188-1196.1996
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper introduces a novel method for sampling pathogens in natural environments. It uses fabric boot socks worn over walkers' shoes to allow the collection of composite samples over large areas. Wide-area sampling is better suited to studies focusing on human exposure to pathogens (e.g., recreational walking). Thi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00162-17
更新日期:2017-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution, architecture, and conjugal capacity of nisin-sucrose elements in wild-type Lactococcus lactis strains were studied. Element architecture was analyzed with the aid of hybridizations to different probes derived from the nisin-sucrose transposon Tn5276 of L. lactis NIZO R5, including its left and right ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.6.1798-1804.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In samples of flooded soil containing blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), the presence of rice plants did not influence the nitrogenase activity of the algae. Nitrogenase activity of heterotrophic bacteria was enhanced by the presence of rice plants, but this activity was not affected by changes in plant density. The ra...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.3.507-510.1980
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00