Nanomechanical properties of steric zipper globular structures.

abstract：:The hypothetical scanning (HS) method is a general approach for calculating the absolute entropy and free energy by analyzing Boltzmann samples obtained by Monte Carlo (MC) or molecular dynamics techniques. With HS applied to a fluid, each configuration i of the sample is reconstructed by adding its atoms gradually to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White RP,Meirovitch H

更新日期：2004-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:In many cell-signaling pathways, information is transmitted by the diffusion of messenger molecules. Diffusion coefficients characterize the messenger's spatial range and the characteristic times of signal propagation. Inside cells, particles usually diffuse in the presence of immobile binding sites (or traps). It is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pando B,Dawson SP,Mak DO,Pearson JE

更新日期：2006-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike other cation channels, each subunit of most transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has an additional TRP-domain helix with an invariant tryptophan immediately trailing the gate-bearing S6. Recent cryo-electron microscopy of TRP vanilloid subfamily, member 1 structures revealed that this domain is a five-tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teng J,Loukin SH,Anishkin A,Kung C

更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Two high molecular weight heat shock proteins, HSP90 (Mr, 90,000) and HSP100 (Mr, 100,000), were separately purified from extracts of cultured cells of a mouse lymphoma cell line, L5178Y. Both of the HSPs exist in homodimeric form under physiological conditions. Their physicochemical properties are quite similar to ea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koyasu S,Nishida E,Kadowaki T,Matsuzaki F,Iida K,Harada F,Kasuga M,Sakai H,Yahara I

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular transport is interspersed with frequent reversals in direction due to the presence of opposing kinesin and dynein motors on organelles that are carried as cargo. The cause and the mechanism of reversals are unknown, but are a key to understanding how cargos are delivered in a regulated manner to specific...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soppina V,Rai AK,Ramaiya AJ,Barak P,Mallik R

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth hormone (GH) has previously been implicated in T-cell development, and here we test its efficacy in promoting T-lymphocyte engraftment in mice with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). SCID mice receiving syngeneic thymocytes and treated with recombinant human GH (rhGH) had significantly better T-cell engr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murphy WJ,Durum SK,Longo DL

更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used site-directed mutagenesis of cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) DNA to define a function encoded in the 3' region of the viral pol gene and required for efficient integration of viral DNA. One mutant, MuLV-SF1, contained a single base substitution (C to T at base 4950) that resulted in an arginin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donehower LA,Varmus HE

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relatively little is known about the biochemical mechanisms through which the Epstein-Barr virus latent infection integral membrane protein 1 (LMP1) transmembrane domains cause constitutive LMP1 aggregation and continuous cytoplasmic C terminus-mediated signal transduction. We now evaluate the role of the three consec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yasui T,Luftig M,Soni V,Kieff E

更新日期：2004-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Surfaces with patterned wettability contrast are important in industrial applications such as heat transfer, water collection, and particle separation. Traditional methods of fabricating such surfaces rely on microfabrication technologies, which are only applicable to certain substrates and are difficult to scale up a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen D,McKinley GH,Cohen RE

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured the opioid receptor reserve in the guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus by means of the site-directed alkylating agent, beta-chlornaltrexamine. Treatment of the tissue with low (less than 10 nM) concentrations of beta-chlornaltrexamine caused a parallel shift of the log concentration-response curves for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chavkin C,Goldstein A

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors required for the antiviral activity of the synthetic nucleoside, ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), is the ability of the molecule to adopt the substrate conformation specified by the enzyme for which it is a competitive inhibitor, inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DL,Miles DW,Redington P,Eyring H

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The large class of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) bind extracellular matrix or neighboring cell-surface ligands to regulate organ and tissue development through an unknown activation mechanism. We examined aGPCR activation using two prototypical aGPCRs, GPR56 and GPR110. Active dissociation of the nonco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stoveken HM,Hajduczok AG,Xu L,Tall GG

更新日期：2015-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We explored the feasibility of designing retroviral vectors that can target human breast cancer cells with characteristic receptors via ligand-receptor interaction. The ecotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope was modified by insertion of sequences encoding human heregulin. Ecotropic virus, which normally does...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Han X,Kasahara N,Kan YW

更新日期：1995-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyaromatic hydrocarbons are ubiquitous environmental chemicals that are important mutagens and carcinogens. The purpose of this study was to determine whether genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) influence their biological activities. Cell-mediated immunity to dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) was ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elmets CA,Athar M,Tubesing KA,Rothaupt D,Xu H,Mukhtar H

更新日期：1998-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian homologues of Drosophila Trp form plasma membrane channels that mediate Ca(2+) influx in response to activation of phospholipase C and internal Ca(2+) store depletion. Previous studies showed that human Trp3 is activated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors (IP(3)Rs) and identified interacting d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Z,Tang J,Tikunova S,Johnson JD,Chen Z,Qin N,Dietrich A,Stefani E,Birnbaumer L,Zhu MX

更新日期：2001-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Helper T (Th) cells are classified as Th1 or Th2 cells by virtue of cytokine secretion and function as mediators of cellular or humoral immunity, respectively. Cytokines also regulate the differentiation of Th cells. For example, interleukin (IL)-12 promotes Th1 and suppresses Th2 cell development, suggesting that IL-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milich DR,Wolf SF,Hughes JL,Jones JE

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein-protein interactions allow the retinoid X receptor (RXR) to bind to cognate DNA as a homo- or a heterodimer and to participate in mediating the effects of a variety of hormones on gene transcription. Here we report a systematic study of the oligomeric state of RXR in the absence of a DNA template. We have used...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kersten S,Kelleher D,Chambon P,Gronemeyer H,Noy N

更新日期：1995-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Sonic hedgehog (Shh) plays an integral role in both the anterior-posterior (A-P) patterning and expansion of developing vertebrate limbs through a feedback loop involving Fgfs, Bmps, and Gremlin. In bat limbs A-P patterning and the size of the digital field are unique. The posterior digits of the forelimb are elongate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hockman D,Cretekos CJ,Mason MK,Behringer RR,Jacobs DS,Illing N

更新日期：2008-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of active immunization with the cocaine immunogen GNC-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in preventing cocaine self-administration reinstatement was assessed in rats. An animal model of relapse was used where rats were trained to self-administer cocaine, subjected to a period of extinction by substituting th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrera MR,Ashley JA,Zhou B,Wirsching P,Koob GF,Janda KD

更新日期：2000-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in controlling malignancies. Susceptibility or resistance to lung cancer, for example, specifically depends on NK cell function. Nevertheless, intrinsic factors that control NK cell-mediated clearance of lung cancer are unknown. Here we report that NK cells exposed to exo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shi L,Li K,Guo Y,Banerjee A,Wang Q,Lorenz UM,Parlak M,Sullivan LC,Onyema OO,Arefanian S,Stelow EB,Brautigan DL,Bullock TNJ,Brown MG,Krupnick AS

更新日期：2018-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleosomes in eukaryotes act as platforms for the dynamic integration of epigenetic information. Posttranslational modifications are reversibly added or removed and core histones exchanged for paralogous variants, in concert with changing demands on transcription and genome accessibility. Histones are also common in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stevens KM,Swadling JB,Hocher A,Bang C,Gribaldo S,Schmitz RA,Warnecke T

更新日期：2020-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Undesired side products of DNA transfections are usually discarded. However, here, we show that such products may provide insight into mutational events that are also a major driving force in protein evolution. While studying the small heat-shock protein alphaA-crystallin, we transfected the hamster alphaA-crystallin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Rijk AA,de Jong WW,Bloemendal H

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Adoptive T cell therapy, involving the ex vivo selection and expansion of antigen-specific T cell clones, provides a means of augmenting antigen-specific immunity without the in vivo constraints that can accompany vaccine-based strategies. A phase I study was performed to evaluate the safety, in vivo persistence, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yee C,Thompson JA,Byrd D,Riddell SR,Roche P,Celis E,Greenberg PD

更新日期：2002-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, although the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Previously, we established a maternal immune activation (MIA) model using swine, which results in altered social behaviors of piglet offspring. These behavio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Antonson AM,Lawson MA,Caputo MP,Matt SM,Leyshon BJ,Johnson RW

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simulations with a regional chemical transport model show that anthropogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides (NO(x) = NO + NO(2)) lead to a dramatic diurnal variation of surface ozone (O(3)) in Houston, Texas. During the daytime, photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds catalyz...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang R,Lei W,Tie X,Hess P

更新日期：2004-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic analysis of Parkinson disease (PD) has identified several genes whose mutation causes inherited parkinsonism, as well as risk loci for sporadic PD. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin, linked to autosomal recessive PD, act in a common genetic pathway regulating the autophagic degradation of mitochondria, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivatt RM,Sanchez-Martinez A,Godena VK,Brown S,Ziviani E,Whitworth AJ

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The values of the moment of inertia of the ground-state band of (168)Hf from J = 0(+) to 22(+) are interpreted as involving a revolving cluster with composition increasing steadily from p(10.5)n(14) to p(20.5)n(24), with radius of revolution 6.390 fm. The excited bands from 14(+) to 34(+), 21(-) to 33(-), and 18(-) to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pauling L

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After adrenalectomy, the plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin, ACTH)/endorphin peptides in rats rise dramatically in the first 4 hr while pituitary peptide levels fall sharply. Eight hours after adrenalectomy, plasma levels are near control values again but they then increase continuously over t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birnberg NC,Lissitzky JC,Hinman M,Herbert E

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) involves instillation of a liquid-surfactant mixture directly into the lung airway tree. It is widely successful for treating surfactant deficiency in premature neonates who develop neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). However, when applied to adults with acute respirator...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Filoche M,Tai CF,Grotberg JB

更新日期：2015-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The genotypic proportions for major histocompatibility complex loci, HLA-A and HLA-B, of progeny in families in 23 South Amerindian tribes in which segregation for homozygotes and heterozygotes could occur are examined. Overall, there is a large deficiency of homozygotes compared with Mendelian expectations (for HLA-A...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Black FL,Hedrick PW

更新日期：1997-11-11 00:00:00