A mutant murine leukemia virus with a single missense codon in pol is defective in a function affecting integration.

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections including the life-threatening conditions endocarditis, necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, and septicemia. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, a membrane-bound microbial sensor, detects staphylococcal components, but macrophages ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hruz P,Zinkernagel AS,Jenikova G,Botwin GJ,Hugot JP,Karin M,Nizet V,Eckmann L

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine exposure diminishes the protective breathing and arousal responses to stress (hypoxia). By exacerbating sleep-disordered breathing, this disturbance could underpin the well established association between smoking and the increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. We show here that the protective response...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cohen G,Han ZY,Grailhe R,Gallego J,Gaultier C,Changeux JP,Lagercrantz H

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular mechanisms of osmolyte protection in protein stability has proved to be challenging. In particular, little is known about the role of osmolytes in the structure of the unfolding transition state of a protein, the main determinant of its dynamics. We have developed an experimental protocol t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dougan L,Genchev GZ,Lu H,Fernandez JM

更新日期：2011-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixteen hybridomas have been identified that secrete antibodies specific to horizontal cells in the carp retina. The hybridomas have been classified into three groups based on their antibody staining patterns: group I, staining associated with all horizontal cells; group II, staining associated with the most abundant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young LH,Dowling JE

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is presented for variational calculation of the energy and the spin densities derived from a single-determinant wavefunction. Sum and difference coordinates [unk]R = (1/2)([unk]r(1) + [unk]r(1)) and [unk]r = [unk]r(1) - [unk]r(1) are introduced, and the density matrix P([unk]r(1),[unk]r(1)) is expanded in par...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Payne PW

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TCR-mediated recognition of beta-linked self-glycolipids bound to CD1d is poorly understood. Here, we have characterized the TCR repertoire of a CD1d-restricted type II NKT cell subset reactive to sulfatide involved in the regulation of autoimmunity and antitumor immunity. The sulfatide/CD1d-tetramer(+) cells isolated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arrenberg P,Halder R,Dai Y,Maricic I,Kumar V

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission influences the reticular shape of mitochondria in yeasts. Little is known about whether mitochondria fusion occurs in plants. Plant mitochondria are usually more numerous and more grain-shaped than animal mitochondria. BLAST searches of the nuclear and mitochondrial...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arimura S,Yamamoto J,Aida GP,Nakazono M,Tsutsumi N

更新日期：2004-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeted drug delivery critically depends on the binding selectivity of cargo-transporting colloidal particles. Extensive theoretical work has shown that two factors are necessary to achieve high selectivity for a threshold receptor density: multivalency and weak interactions. Here, we study a model system of DNA-coat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scheepers MRW,van IJzendoorn LJ,Prins MWJ

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A complementarity-determining region (CDR) of the mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) F58 was constructed with specificity to a neutralization-inducing region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The mAb has its major reactivity to the amino acid sequence I--GPGRA in the V3 viral envelope region. All CDRs inclu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levi M,Sällberg M,Rudén U,Herlyn D,Maruyama H,Wigzell H,Marks J,Wahren B

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a high-efficiency nucleic acid delivery system that uses receptor-mediated endocytosis to carry DNA macromolecules into cells. We accomplished this by conjugating the iron-transport protein transferrin to polycations that bind nucleic acids. Human transferrin, as well as the chicken homologue conalbu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wagner E,Zenke M,Cotten M,Beug H,Birnstiel ML

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In clinical trials comparing two treatments, one would often like to control the probability of erroneous decision while minimizing not the total sample size but the number of patients given the inferior treatment. To do this obviously requires that one use a datadependent allocation rule for the two treatments rather...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flehinger BJ,Louis TA,Robbins H,Singer BH

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p-Coumaric acid is the precursor of phenylpropanoids, which are plant secondary metabolites that are beneficial to human health. Tyrosine ammonia lyase catalyzes the production of p-coumaric acid from tyrosine. Because of their photosynthetic ability and biosynthetic versatility, cyanobacteria are promising candidates...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xue Y,Zhang Y,Cheng D,Daddy S,He Q

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allostatic load (AL) is a measure of overall physiological wear-and-tear over the life course, which could partially be the consequence of early life exposures. AL could allow a better understanding of the potential biological pathways playing a role in the construction of the social gradient in adult health. To explo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barboza Solís C,Kelly-Irving M,Fantin R,Darnaudéry M,Torrisani J,Lang T,Delpierre C

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Human P-glycoprotein (Pgp) confers multidrug resistance to cancer cells by ATP-dependent extrusion of a great many structurally dissimilar hydrophobic compounds. The manner in which Pgp recognizes these different substrates is unknown. The protein shows internal homology between its N- and C-terminal halves, each comp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dey S,Ramachandra M,Pastan I,Gottesman MM,Ambudkar SV

更新日期：1997-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:As the Conus shell grows by spiraling of the outer lip around the axis, profound internal shell dissolution thins the walls of the protected penultimate whorl from several millimeters to <50mum. Shell material is added to the inside of the spire and the anterior part of the columella. The resulting shell has a uniform...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kohn AJ,Myers ER,Meenakshi VR

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pristine meteoritic materials carry light element isotopic fractionations that constrain physiochemical conditions during solar system formation. Here we report the discovery of a unique xenolith in the metal-rich chondrite Isheyevo. Its fine-grained, highly pristine mineralogy has similarity with interplanetary dust ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Briani G,Gounelle M,Marrocchi Y,Mostefaoui S,Leroux H,Quirico E,Meibom A

更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In prokaryotes, in the absence of protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinases, protein histidine kinases play a major role in signal transduction involved in cellular adaptation to various environmental changes and stresses. Histidine kinases phosphorylate their cognate response regulators at a specific aspartic acid re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park H,Saha SK,Inouye M

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki produces a proteinaceous crystalline inclusion that is toxic for lepidopteran larvae. There are several size classes of plasmids in this organism and the presence of one or more has been correlated with production of this protein, defined as a protoxin. DNA fragments of B. thurin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Held GA,Bulla LA Jr,Ferrari E,Hoch J,Aronson AI,Minnich SA

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:E2A helix-loop-helix proteins are involved in the control of various developmental pathways. We show here by in situ hybridization that E2A transcripts are present in most embryonic and adult tissues. However, no E2A expression is detectable in heart and nonproliferative regions of the brain and spinal cord. Highest l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roberts VJ,Steenbergen R,Murre C

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolution of an oxygenic atmosphere required primordial life to accommodate the toxicity associated with reactive oxygen species. We have characterized an archaeal antioxidant from the hyperthermophilic acidophile Sulfolobus solfataricus. The amino acid sequence of this approximately 22-kDa protein shares little seque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiedenheft B,Mosolf J,Willits D,Yeager M,Dryden KA,Young M,Douglas T

更新日期：2005-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The Get3 ATPase directs the delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). TA-proteins are characterized by having a single transmembrane helix (TM) at their extreme C terminus and include many essential proteins, such as SNAREs, apoptosis factors, and protein translocation components. Thes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suloway CJ,Chartron JW,Zaslaver M,Clemons WM Jr

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we compared the transport of newly synthesized cholesterol with that of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. The arrival of cholesterol on the cell surface was monitored by cyclodextrin removal, and HA transport was monitored by surface trypsinization...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heino S,Lusa S,Somerharju P,Ehnholm C,Olkkonen VM,Ikonen E

更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Strategies to treat cancer have focused primarily on the killing of tumor cells. Here, we describe a differential stress resistance (DSR) method that focuses instead on protecting the organism but not cancer cells against chemotherapy. Short-term starved S. cerevisiae or cells lacking proto-oncogene homologs were up t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raffaghello L,Lee C,Safdie FM,Wei M,Madia F,Bianchi G,Longo VD

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77/N10 has recently been demonstrated to be involved in apoptosis of T cell hybridomas. We report here that chronic expression of Nur77/N10 in thymocytes of transgenic mice results in a dramatic reduction of CD4+CD8+ double-positive as well as CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive cell p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weih F,Ryseck RP,Chen L,Bravo R

更新日期：1996-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Sterigmatocystin (ST), a potent hepatocarcinogen, was covalently bound to calf thymus DNA by incubation in the presence of phenobarbital-induced rat liver microsomes. Acid hydrolysis of ST-modified DNA liberated a major guanine-containing adduct, present in DNA at an estimated level of 1 ST residue per 100-150 nucleot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Essigmann JM,Barker LJ,Fowler KW,Francisco MA,Reinhold VN,Wogan GN

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key regulator of membrane fluidity, turns over rapidly, and represents a model for selective degradation of short-lived proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The mechanism whereby specific ER proteins are targeted for degradation in the midst of stable proteins coexisting in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mziaut H,Korza G,Ozols J

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Work with non-human primates had previously demonstrated that the mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex, which comprises cytoarchitectonic areas 46 and 9, plays a critical role in the performance of non-spatial self-ordered working memory tasks, whereas the immediately adjacent posterior dorsolateral frontal cortex (area 8)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petrides M,Alivisatos B,Evans AC,Meyer E

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacteriophage T4-encoded RegB endoribonuclease is produced during the early stage of phage development and targets mostly (but not exclusively) the Shine-Dalgarno sequences of early genes. In this work, we show that the degradation of RegB-cleaved mRNAs depends on a functional T4 polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Durand S,Richard G,Bontems F,Uzan M

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) belong to the fushi tarazu factor 1 subfamily of nuclear receptors. SF-1 is an essential factor for sex determination during development and regulates adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis in the adult, whereas LRH-1 is a critical factor for developmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang W,Zhang C,Marimuthu A,Krupka HI,Tabrizizad M,Shelloe R,Mehra U,Eng K,Nguyen H,Settachatgul C,Powell B,Milburn MV,West BL

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it has long been recognized that the enteric community of bacteria that inhabit the human distal intestinal track broadly impacts human health, the biochemical details that underlie these effects remain largely undefined. Here, we report a broad MS-based metabolomics study that demonstrates a surprisingly lar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wikoff WR,Anfora AT,Liu J,Schultz PG,Lesley SA,Peters EC,Siuzdak G

更新日期：2009-03-10 00:00:00