Dissecting the role of the golgi complex and lipid rafts in biosynthetic transport of cholesterol to the cell surface.

abstract：:Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) is a class of ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine PP involved in stress responses in yeasts, mammals, and plants. Here, I present mutational analysis of two Arabidopsis thaliana PP2Cs, encoded by ABI1 and AtPP2C, involved in the plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheen J

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes leads to rapid proliferation and differentiation into effector (Teff) or inducible regulatory (Treg) subsets with specific functions to promote or suppress immunity. Importantly, Teff and Treg use distinct metabolic programs to support subset specification, survival, and fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michalek RD,Gerriets VA,Nichols AG,Inoue M,Kazmin D,Chang CY,Dwyer MA,Nelson ER,Pollizzi KN,Ilkayeva O,Giguere V,Zuercher WJ,Powell JD,Shinohara ML,McDonnell DP,Rathmell JC

更新日期：2011-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The process by which cells select one of several specific programs of genetic information in development was examined in homoeotic mutant Antennapedia of Rappaport in Drosophila melanogaster. The results show that the alteration of determination from antenna to leg induced by this homoeotic mutation occurs in a popula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Postlethwait JH,Schneiderman HA

更新日期：1969-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional topological insulators (3D TIs) represent states of quantum matters in which surface states are protected by time-reversal symmetry and an inversion occurs between bulk conduction and valence bands. However, the bulk-band inversion, which is intimately tied to the topologically nontrivial nature of 3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen ZG,Chen RY,Zhong RD,Schneeloch J,Zhang C,Huang Y,Qu F,Yu R,Li Q,Gu GD,Wang NL

更新日期：2017-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutagenic specificity of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) has been established in mammalian cells and several strains of bacteria by using a shuttle plasmid vector containing a single N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)acetylaminofluorene (C8-dG-AAF) adduct. The nucleotide sequence of the gene conferring tetracycline resistance was mod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moriya M,Takeshita M,Johnson F,Peden K,Will S,Grollman AP

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evade their predators, animals must quickly detect potential threats, gauge risk, and mount a response. Putative neural circuits responsible for these tasks have been isolated in laboratory studies. However, it is unclear whether and how these circuits combine to generate the flexible, dynamic sequences of evasion ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hein AM,Gil MA,Twomey CR,Couzin ID,Levin SA

更新日期：2018-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Intact squid axons were injected with aequorin and bathed in 3 mM Ca seawater (a concentration close to that of squid blood). Sodium and potassium currents were pharmacologically blocked and repetitive voltage-clamp pulses of a duration of 1.5 ms were applied (to simulate the duration of an action potential) at amplit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mullins LJ,Requena J,Whittembury J

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bifunctional Neurospora crassa mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (CYT-18 protein) both aminoacylates mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) and acts as a structure-stabilizing splicing cofactor for group I introns. Previous studies showed that CYT-18 has distinct tRNA(Tyr) and group I intron-binding sites, with the latter fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paukstelis PJ,Lambowitz AM

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:By using both double-colony hybridization and an in situ immunostaining assay for transformants, 39 cDNA clones (clone p-16 alpha) encoding mouse liver microsomal testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450(16) alpha) were isolated from a cDNA library constructed in the cloning vector pUC-9 with poly(A)+ RNA i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harada N,Negishi M

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared chicken erythrocyte linker histones H1 and H5 binding to a synthetic four-way DNA junction. Each histone binds to form a single complex, with an affinity which permits competition against a large excess of linear duplex DNA. The affinity of H5 is higher than that of H1. The globular domain from either...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varga-Weisz P,Zlatanova J,Leuba SH,Schroth GP,van Holde K

更新日期：1994-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Newly synthesized rat islet proteins have been analyzed by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and fluorography. A minor component having an apparent molecular weight of 11,100 was identified as preproinsulin by the sensitivity of its synthesis to glucose, the pattern of NH2-terminal leucine residues, and the rapi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patzelt C,Labrecque AD,Duguid JR,Carroll RJ,Keim PS,Heinrikson RL,Steiner DF

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an important concern for the poultry industry. Replication of ALV-J depends on a functional cellular receptor, the chicken Na+/H+ exchanger type 1 (chNHE1). Tryptophan residue number 38 of chNHE1 (W38) in the extracellular portion of this molecule is a critical amino acid for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koslová A,Trefil P,Mucksová J,Reinišová M,Plachý J,Kalina J,Kučerová D,Geryk J,Krchlíková V,Lejčková B,Hejnar J

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We described previously a mutation in maize, hcf106, caused by the insertion of a Mu1 transposon. When the Mu transposon system is in an active phase, hcf106 conditions a nonphotosynthetic, pale green phenotype. However, when the Mu system is inactive (a state correlated with hypermethylation of Mu elements), the plan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barkan A,Martienssen RA

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A minimalist Cys2His2 zinc finger peptide, Lys-Tyr-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Ala-Phe-Ala-Ala-Lys-Ala-Ala-Leu-Ala- Ala-His-Ala-Ala-Ala-His-Ala-Lys, has been synthesized. Metal binding studies using Co2+ as a probe indicated that this peptide forms a 1:1 peptide/metal complex with a dissociation constant comparable to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michael SF,Kilfoil VJ,Schmidt MH,Amann BT,Berg JM

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed the biochemical and biophysical characterization of a red fluorescent protein, eqFP611, from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor cloned in Escherichia coli. With an excitation maximum at 559 nm and an emission maximum at 611 nm, the recombinant protein shows the most red-shifted emission and the largest...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiedenmann J,Schenk A,Röcker C,Girod A,Spindler KD,Nienhaus GU

更新日期：2002-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Apicomplexan parasites replicate within a protective organelle, called the parasitophorous vacuole (PV). The Toxoplasma gondii PV is filled with a network of tubulated membranes, which are thought to facilitate trafficking of effectors and nutrients. Despite being critical to parasite virulence, there is scant mechani...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beraki T,Hu X,Broncel M,Young JC,O'Shaughnessy WJ,Borek D,Treeck M,Reese ML

更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The commitment of differentiating cells to a specialized fate is fundamental to the correct assembly of tissues within a multicellular organism. Because commitment is often irreversible, entry into and progression through this phase of development must be tightly regulated. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the mult...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Videau P,Rivers OS,Hurd K,Ushijima B,Oshiro RT,Ende RJ,O'Hanlon SM,Cozy LM

更新日期：2016-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelinated fibers can be demonstrated in thin unstained brain sections of freshly killed uninjected animals. With this method myelinated fibers stand out as clearly as in stained Weigert sections from formalin-fixed brains. Unstained unfixed sections can be viewed under ordinary light within minutes after death of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richter CP,Warner CL

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malignant myeloid leukemic cells and normal macrophages and granulocytes have functional beta-adrenergic receptors, which have been quantitated by radioreceptor binding with the beta-adrenergic antagonist [(3)H]dihydroalprenolol and by induction of cyclic AMP by adrenergic hormones. Both the normal and leukemic cells ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simantov R,Sachs L

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors required for the antiviral activity of the synthetic nucleoside, ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), is the ability of the molecule to adopt the substrate conformation specified by the enzyme for which it is a competitive inhibitor, inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DL,Miles DW,Redington P,Eyring H

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Identification of the consensus sequence for termination of replication (ter) in Escherichia coli and the isolation of the ter-binding protein (TBP) allowed us to test their effects on replication forks initiated at the unique origin of the E. coli chromosome (oriC) in a purified enzyme system. Replication was severel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee EH,Kornberg A,Hidaka M,Kobayashi T,Horiuchi T

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of the myosin hinge region in muscle contraction, we examined the contraction characteristics and Mg-ATPase activity of glycerinated muscle fibers prepared from rabbit psoas in the presence and absence of polyclonal antibody directed against the subfragment 2 (S-2) region of myosin. The antibod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugi H,Kobayashi T,Gross T,Noguchi K,Karr T,Harrington WF

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Senescent cell antigen (SCA), an aging antigen, is a protein that appears on old cells and marks them for removal by the immune system in mammals. It is derived from band 3, a ubiquitous membrane transport protein found in diverse cell types and tissues. We have used synthetic peptides to identify aging antigenic site...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kay MM,Marchalonis JJ,Hughes J,Watanabe K,Schluter SF

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tightly coupled nature of the reaction sequence catalyzed by monoterpene cyclases has precluded direct observation of the topologically required isomerization step leading from geranyl pyrophosphate to the presumptive, enzyme-bound, tertiary allylic intermediate linalyl pyrophosphate, which ultimately cyclizes to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wheeler CJ,Croteau RB

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When fibers of fibrin clots or fragments of fibrinogen pellets are negatively stained they exhibit in the electron microscope characteristic patterns of cross-striations or bands. Those found in pellet material are indistinguishable from those seen in thrombin-induced fibrin fibers. The pattern seen in fibrin from bov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williams RC

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the nucleotide sequences of cDNAs encoding the precursor of the beta subunit of rat lutropin, a polypeptide hormone that regulates gonadal function, including the development of gametes and the production of steroid sex hormones. The cDNAs were prepared from poly(A)+ RNA derived from the pituitary g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chin WW,Godine JE,Klein DR,Chang AS,Tan LK,Habener JF

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We perform a generalized-ensemble simulation of a small peptide taking the interactions among all atoms into account. From this simulation we obtain thermodynamic quantities over a wide range of temperatures. In particular, we show that the folding of a small peptide is a multistage process associated with two charact...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hansmann UH,Masuya M,Okamoto Y

更新日期：1997-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of cell surface immunoglobulin in helper T-cell-dependent B-cell activation was analyzed using a B-cell lymphoma, CH12, with known antigen specificity and activation properties similar to those of a resting B cell. Two sources of helper T cells were used, both selected such that they interact with H-2-encoded...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： LoCascio NJ,Haughton G,Arnold LW,Corley RB

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor-related, activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), a tumor necrosis factor family member, mediates survival of dendritic cells in the immune system and is required for osteoclast differentiation and activation in the skeleton. We report the skeletal phenotype of TRANCE-deficient mice and its rescue b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim N,Odgren PR,Kim DK,Marks SC Jr,Choi Y

更新日期：2000-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are synthases required to build the essential peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall surrounding most bacterial cells. The mechanisms regulating the activity of these enzymes to control PG synthesis remain surprisingly poorly defined given their status as key antibiotic targets. Several years ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greene NG,Fumeaux C,Bernhardt TG

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00