Cocaine vaccines: antibody protection against relapse in a rat model.

abstract：:Promoters whose temporal activity can be directly manipulated in transgenic animals provide a tool for the study of gene functions in vivo. We have evaluated a tetracycline-responsive binary system for its ability to temporally control gene expression in transgenic mice. In this system, a tetracycline-controlled trans...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Furth PA,St Onge L,Böger H,Gruss P,Gossen M,Kistner A,Bujard H,Hennighausen L

更新日期：1994-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The poison frogs (family Dendrobatidae) are terrestrial anuran amphibians displaying a wide range of coloration and toxicity. These frogs generally have been considered to be aposematic, but relatively little research has been carried out to test the predictions of this hypothesis. Here we use a comparative approach t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Summers K,Clough ME

更新日期：2001-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnitudes of the larger Soviet underground nuclear weapons tests from the start of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty in 1976 through 1982 are determined for short- and long-period seismic waves. Yields are calculated from the surface wave magnitude for those explosions at the eastern Kazakh test site that triggered a sma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sykes LR,Cifuentes IL

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Explanted mouse blastocysts were microinjected in the blastocoel cavity with simian virus 40 (SV40) viral DNA. After surgical transfer to the uteri of pseudopregnant surrogate mothers, approximately 40% of the blastocysts developed to term and became healthy adults without apparent tumors at 1 year of age. Molecular h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaenisch R,Mintz B

更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a general strategy for gene mapping based upon the direct amplification of a target sequence within a single microdissected Giemsa-banded chromosomal segment using the polymerase chain reaction. The usefulness of this approach was demonstrated by mapping a cloned human brain sodium channel (alpha subun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Han JA,Lu CM,Brown GB,Rado TA

更新日期：1991-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The highly aggressive character of melanoma makes it an excellent model for probing the mechanisms underlying metastasis, which remains one of the most difficult challenges in treating cancer. We find that miR-182, member of a miRNA cluster in a chromosomal locus (7q31-34) frequently amplified in melanoma, is commonly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Segura MF,Hanniford D,Menendez S,Reavie L,Zou X,Alvarez-Diaz S,Zakrzewski J,Blochin E,Rose A,Bogunovic D,Polsky D,Wei J,Lee P,Belitskaya-Levy I,Bhardwaj N,Osman I,Hernando E

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:When Sertoli cells of the seminiferous epithelium in the testis were cultured on Matrigel (a reconstituted basement membrane), laminin, or one of the biologically active laminin-derived peptides (YIGSR, SIKVAV, or RGD), they exhibited dramatic changes in morphology accompanied by changes in protein secretion and gene ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papadopoulos V,Dym M

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans shows a significant lag in growth when diluted into fresh minimal medium. This lag is abolished by the addition of conditioned medium from a high-density culture. The active component of conditioned medium is tyrosol, which is released into the medium continuously during grow...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen H,Fujita M,Feng Q,Clardy J,Fink GR

更新日期：2004-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:BALB/c mice immunized with syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas did not have antibodies against the unique tumor-specific transplantation antigens, even though they were capable of rejecting a lethal dose of tumor cells. Endogenous murine leukemia virus antigens expressed by certain of the tumors did, ho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown JP,Klitzman JM,Hellström I,Nowinski RC,Hellström KE

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical activity increases energy metabolism in exercising muscle. Whether acute exercise elicits metabolic changes in nonexercising muscles remains unclear. We show that one of the few genes that is more highly induced in nonexercising muscle than in exercising human muscle during acute exercise encodes angiopoietin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Catoire M,Alex S,Paraskevopulos N,Mattijssen F,Evers-van Gogh I,Schaart G,Jeppesen J,Kneppers A,Mensink M,Voshol PJ,Olivecrona G,Tan NS,Hesselink MK,Berbée JF,Rensen PC,Kalkhoven E,Schrauwen P,Kersten S

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In many cell-signaling pathways, information is transmitted by the diffusion of messenger molecules. Diffusion coefficients characterize the messenger's spatial range and the characteristic times of signal propagation. Inside cells, particles usually diffuse in the presence of immobile binding sites (or traps). It is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pando B,Dawson SP,Mak DO,Pearson JE

更新日期：2006-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide here evidence that supports the occurrence of a biologically dormant form of selectin ligand carbohydrate, the sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X containing modified sialic acid, in human leukocytes. The modification of sialic acid involves first de-N-acetylation of sialic acid moiety through ubiquitous de-N-acetylatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitsuoka C,Ohmori K,Kimura N,Kanamori A,Komba S,Ishida H,Kiso M,Kannagi R

更新日期：1999-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriorhodopsin from Halobacterium halobium has been solubilized in the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. The circular dichroic spectrum and hydrodynamic properties indicate that the structure of this protein in the detergent is not significantly altered from that of the native membrane-bound form. Bacteriorhodopsin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reyenolds JA,Stoeckenius W

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A diploid strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was found to be heterozygous for two forms of the highly repetitious ribosomal DNA. These forms could be distinguished by the pattern of fragments produced after digestion with the site-specific restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The mode of inheritance of ribosomal DN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petes TD,Botstein D

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marriage in many traditional societies often concerns the institutionalized exchange of reproductive partners among groups of kin. Such exchanges most often involve cross-cousins-marriage with the child of a parent's opposite-sex sibling-but it is unclear who benefits from these exchanges. Here we analyze the fitness ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chagnon NA,Lynch RF,Shenk MK,Hames R,Flinn MV

更新日期：2017-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic switches based on the [Formula: see text] system are master regulators of an array of cellular responses. Recent kinetic experiments have shown that [Formula: see text] can actively remove NF-κB bound to its genetic sites via a process called "molecular stripping." This allows the [Formula: see text] switch to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Potoyan DA,Zheng W,Komives EA,Wolynes PG

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytosulfokine-alpha [PSK-alpha, Tyr(SO(3)H)-Ile-Tyr(SO(3)H)-Thr-Gln], a sulfated mitogenic peptide found in plants, strongly promotes proliferation of plant cells in culture at very low concentrations. Oryza sativa PSK (OsPSK) cDNA encoding a PSK-alpha precursor has been isolated. The cDNA is 725 base pairs long, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang H,Matsubayashi Y,Nakamura K,Sakagami Y

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Expansion of myeloid cells associated with solid tumor development is a key contributor to neoplastic progression. Despite their clinical relevance, the mechanisms controlling myeloid cell production and activity in cancer remains poorly understood. Using a multistage mouse model of breast cancer, we show that product...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Casbon AJ,Reynaud D,Park C,Khuc E,Gan DD,Schepers K,Passegué E,Werb Z

更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is a lysosomal storage disorder resulting from inherited deficiency of beta-glucuronidase (GUS). Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is characterized by glycosaminoglycan storage in most tissues, including brain. In these disorders, enzyme delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urayama A,Grubb JH,Sly WS,Banks WA

更新日期：2004-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Two monoclonal antibodies directed against the native beta 2 subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase [L-serine hydro-lyase (adding indoleglycerol-phosphate), EC 4.2.1.20], one recognizing the C-terminal F1 domain and the other the N-terminal F2 domain, were used to detect immunoreactive intermediates in the fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blond S,Goldberg M

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv) are homotetramers composed of four voltage sensors and one pore domain. Because of high-level structural flexibility, the first mammalian Kv structure, Kv1.2 at 2.9 A, has about 37% molecular mass of the transmembrane portion not resolved. In this study, by applying a novel no...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen X,Wang Q,Ni F,Ma J

更新日期：2010-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensive terahertz laser vibration-rotation-tunneling spectra and mid-IR laser spectra have been compiled for several isotopomers of small (dimer through hexamer) water clusters. These data, in conjunction with new theoretical advances, quantify the structures, force fields, dipole moments, and hydrogen bond rearrang...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keutsch FN,Saykally RJ

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe the mechanical separation of the two complementary strands of a single molecule of bacteriophage lambda DNA. The 3' and 5' extremities on one end of the molecule are pulled progressively apart, and this leads to the opening of the double helix. The typical forces along the opening are in the range of 10-15...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Essevaz-Roulet B,Bockelmann U,Heslot F

更新日期：1997-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The 33-amino-acid ankyrin motif comprises a beta-turn followed by two anti-parallel alpha-helices and a loop and tandem arrays of the motif pack in a linear fashion to produce elongated structures characterized by short-range interactions. In this article we use site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the kinetic unf...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Werbeck ND,Rowling PJ,Chellamuthu VR,Itzhaki LS

更新日期：2008-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent theory and field observations suggest that a systematically varying weathering zone, that can be tens of meters thick, commonly develops in the bedrock underlying hillslopes. Weathering turns otherwise poorly conductive bedrock into a dynamic water storage reservoir. Infiltrating precipitation typically will pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rempe DM,Dietrich WE

更新日期：2018-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is composed of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a self-sustained ∼24-h rhythm of phosphorylation of KaiC. The mechanism propelling this oscillator has remained elusive, however. We show that stacking interactions between the CI and CII...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang YG,Tseng R,Kuo NW,LiWang A

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Most HLA haplotypes carry two expressed DR beta-chain genes; in the DR4 haplotype, the polymorphic locus has been called DR beta 1 and the apparently nonpolymorphic locus has been called DR beta 2. We have isolated nearly full-length DR beta-chain cDNA clones representing each of these two loci from a cell line homozy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curtsinger JM,Hilden JM,Cairns JS,Bach FH

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plasma concentration of the major vitamin D metabolites; 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were measured during pregnancy and lactation in the adult female rat. The concentrations of these metabolites were also measured in rat pups during lactation and after weaning. The pl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halloran BP,Barthell EN,DeLuca HF

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin recognition complex (ORC) binds sites from which DNA replication is initiated. We address ORC binding selectivity in vivo by mapping ∼52,000 ORC2 binding sites throughout the human genome. The ORC binding profile is broader than those of sequence-specific transcription factors, suggesting that ORC is not bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miotto B,Ji Z,Struhl K

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Insufficient and disrupted sleep is linked with cardiovascular and metabolic dysregulation and morbidity. The current study examines the degree to which differences in sleep between black/African American (AA) and white/European American (EA) adults explain racial differences in cardiometabolic (CMB) disease risk. Tot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curtis DS,Fuller-Rowell TE,El-Sheikh M,Carnethon MR,Ryff CD

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00