Abstract：
:Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder that affects approximately 6-10% of the female population impairing the quality of life of patients. Several pathophysiologic pathways have been proposed as potential regulators of its severity; however, to date, the processes that trigger the onset and that influence the severity of the disease are not fully understood; hence, leading to disease recurrence in approximately 10-67% of cases. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21/WAF1) is a protein that is a major target of p53 and is related to cell cycle arrest (it regulates transition from the G1 to the S phase) when DNA damage is detected. Its activity has been also linked to the angiogenic potential of tumors as it promotes the expression of various kinases that are responsible for endothelial development and function. Although several articles have underlined the importance of this protein in cancer cell development and tumor growth, there are no relevant data in the field of endometriosis. Indirect evidence suggests, however, that it may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis as it inhibits the activity of various kinases which have been correlated with the course and severity of the disease. The present article investigates the background theory that implies the potential role of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21/WAF1) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Implications for future research are also provided given that indirect evidence seem to associate downregulation of p21 with decreased growth and invasiveness of human endometrial stromal cells.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Zarkadoulas N,Pergialiotis V,Dimitroulis D,Stefanidis K,Verikokos C,Perrea DN,Kontzoglou Kdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109414subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
109414eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(19)30962-4journal_volume
133pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：UNLABELLED:T helper (Th) lymphocytes have been classified into distinct subsets, Th1 and Th2 on the basis of the cytokines they produce. According to the cross-regulatory properties of Th1 and Th2 cells, one would assume that to be affected by a Th1 type disease increases susceptibility to a Th1 type disease and inhibi...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.03.039
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The structural rearrangement of human sheathed capillaries in congestive splenomegaly has been considered. In abnormal spleens the external diameter and wall thickness were decreased, while the internal diameter was increased. Moreover, the total length and the absolute number of sheathed capillaries were increased, t...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(95)90266-x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a six-month-old girl with microcephaly, developmental delay, truncal hypotonia, left pyramidal signs, partial seizures and myoclonic spasms, born to a feverish mother. MRI showed bilateral vascular lesions in the territory of the middle cerebral arteries, prevalent in the right hemisphere, together with hy...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.023
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The accumulation of fibrin/fibrinogen and other coagulation factors in and around solid tumors and metastatic foci has been recognized for a century as an aspect of cancer pathology. On this basis, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic agents have been deployed as adjuvant anticancer therapies, but they have proved clinical...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.06.045
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and low CSF and serum vitamin B12 (B12) has recently been described (1, 2, 3). This is apparently independent of nutritional intake (4). It has been suggested that such patients may exhibit an atypical form of cobalamin deficiency (3, 4). It is therefore proposed that th...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(92)90074-m
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ever since antimicrobial therapy was introduced, two phenomenons have been observed: drug resistance and host toxicity. Mutation(s) in microbes leads to the earlier, while off target effects of therapy cause the latter. Neither of these problems have yet to be resolved. All Microbes express specific antigens, against ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.09.061
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ATP sensitive (K(+)(ATP)) potassium cardiac channels are recruited when ATP levels are low as in ischemic injury and acute trauma. Such activation results in ECG-ST elevation and cardiac arrhythmias. K(+)(ATP) channel recruitment may be blocked by the sulfonylurea glibenclamide, permitting a wide variety of animal exp...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00055-0
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1937, Drs. Moritz and Oldt described arteriolar injuries in the kidneys (and other viscera) in hypertension, across the age range, in both sexes, and, in different races. This hypothesis proposes that injuries to vasomotor nerves cause the arteriolar injury in the kidney in hypertension, (as well as that in the ute...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.12.025
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare disease, it has very serious consequences for both mother and child. No single cause has been held responsible for the pathogenesis. Recent studies have indicated that increased proteolytic cathepsin D activity in cardiomyocytes results in16kDa prolactin fragments wi...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.08.029
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both human cell lines HL-60 and AML-193 exhibit a myeloblastic and promyelocytic morphology, respectively, but may be regarded as bipotent leukemic precursors. They can be triggered to differentiate to either granulocytes or monocytes upon retinoic acid (RA) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (D3) addition, respectively. We h...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(98)90025-1
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The assumption is introduced that there are two types of adaptive responses in central neurons in response to significantly changed circuit activity. Morphological synaptic modifications and synapse turnover are thought to be involved in both of these responses, in such a way that in the first case they are to restore...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(91)90077-c
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is proposed here that the initial events in gastric carcinogenesis occur at the junction of the oxyntic and antral mucosae. Intestinal metaplasia represents an adaptive counter-response to early neoplastic change at this site. Chronic gastric ulceration may arise due to the elimination of overtly dedifferentiated c...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(91)90229-r
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper based on the hypothesis that mechanical impulses cause the transmission of excitement in the peripheral and central nervous system. Possible connections between changes in the tubular neuronal network and the morphological findings of Alzheimer's disease are presented. Additionally, changes in the viscosity ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2014.02.012
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating, widespread pain disorder that is assumed to originate from inappropriate pain processing in the central nervous system. Psychological and behavioral factors are both believed to underlie the pathogenesis and complicate the treatment. This hypothesis, however, has not yet been suffi...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.12.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modern living standard has imposed upon society a situation of chronic sleep deprivation. This chronic loss of sleep affects women more than it does men. As a result, the postponement of pregnancy has become a common choice due to the priority given to social and domestic activities. For women, pregnancy represent...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2010.07.036
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer is a tissue that requires a genetic program, possibly involving hundreds of genes, as indicated by studies of differential gene expression performed with microarrays in various types of cancer. Cancer is thus a biological process of considerable precision as described by Schrödinger's equation, and it is not si...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2008.11.033
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our hypothesis was that testosterone therapy (TT) interacts with previously undiagnosed thrombophilia-hypofibrinolysis, leading to hospitalization for deep venous thrombosis (DVT)-pulmonary emboli (PE). We determined the prevalence of DVT-PE associated with TT 147 men hospitalized in the last 12 months for DVT-PE. Of ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.01.020
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracts of the unripe fruit of Momordica charantia--bitter melon, which flourishes throughout the tropics--appear to have utility in the management of type 2 diabetes. Rodent studies suggest that the thus-far-uncharacterized active components of such extracts enhance the efficiency of postprandial glucose storage in ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2004.01.041
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schmorl's nodes (SNs) are common abnormalities in the human spine, which represent herniation of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc into the adjacent cartilaginous endplate of the vertebra. However, the principle mechanism of SNs is still not fully understood. And the relationship of SNs in the spine and ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.09.044
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment and prevention of migraine within the last decade has become largely pharmacological. While there is little doubt that the advent of drugs (e.g. triptans) has helped many migraine sufferers to lead a normal life, there is still little knowledge with respect to the factors responsible for precipitating a ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2016.10.029
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arthritis is inflammation in a joint often with joint damage, usually accompanied by pain, swelling and stiffness, resulting from infection, trauma, degenerative changes, metabolic disturbances, autoimmune or other causes. It occurs in various forms, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bacterial arthritis ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.06.021
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:p27(Kip1) (here after referred to as p27) is a member of a family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors that control cell cycle. There is a considerable evidence that p27 plays a pivotal role in multiple foundational cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. A large number ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.034
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many parasites induce characteristic changes in their host. The effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the cerebrum and neuropsychiatric patients has been increasingly emphasized in recent years. T. gondii has a high affinity for brain tissue where tachyzoites may form tissue cysts and persist for a life long time. ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.04.013
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence exists for the presence of a neuro-anatomy that can produce cardiac vasospasm. Recent experimental and clinical data suggest that this neuro-anatomic mechanism can be activated by behavioral events in the psycho-social surround of the patient with coronary artery disease. I hypothesize that this mechanism can...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(87)90214-3
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A search for control mechanisms involving embryonic genes is explored reviewing a variety of subject areas including, a) the methylation status of DNA and the globin gene, b) ethionine and steroid effects on expression of embryonic genes, c) alpha-fetoprotein gene activity induced by carcinogens and in hepatomas. Also...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(93)90008-e
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgery for intractable affective illnesses has generated considerable controversy over the last century. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has revolutionized neurosurgical practice, especially in the field of advanced Parkinson's disease and, more recently, in selected medical-refractory cases of obsessive-compulsive diso...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.07.036
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For American medical historiography, to borrow from Dickens, these are the best of times and the worst of times. These are the times when rigorous scholarship has been brought to bear on the field (with great improvement in the quality of research) and when medicine is disappearing from its own history. These are the ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(92)90079-r
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin seems to have the ability to suppress the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide anion, enhance the synthesis of nitric oxide and inhibit the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through stimulation of nitric oxide. This suggests that insulin can behave as an anti-inflamma...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.2001.1334
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, drug repurposing is an alternative to novel drug development for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) and its metabolite hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are currently being tested in several clinical studies as potential candidates to limit SARS-CoV-2-mediated morbidity and mo...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109815
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-invasive molecular analysis of fetal DNA is the diagnostic goal of prenatal medicine. Circulating fetal DNA can be detected in maternal plasma. Recently, it has been detected in the urine of pregnant women. We hypothesize that fetal DNA is present also in maternal saliva and that advances in stabilization and isol...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.09.022
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
