Abstract:
:Due to the rapid aging of Japan's population, clinical research focusing on older patients with cancer is urgently needed. The Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) has conducted several such clinical trials, but there has been no formal policy for geriatric research. We have therefore established a JCOG policy for geriatric cancer research. We defined the patient selection policy based on treatment tolerance and chronological age. Older patients are categorized into three conceptual groups: 'fit patients' who can undergo the same standard treatment given to younger patients, 'frail patients' for whom best supportive or palliative care is indicated and 'vulnerable patients' who fall between the fit and frail categories. Unmet needs often exist for vulnerable patients. The policy recommends that study endpoints include not only survival but also other endpoints such as physical and cognitive function because the objective of therapy in older patients is not only extended life expectancy but also maintenance of the patient's general condition. In this viewpoint, co-primary or composite endpoints that incorporate geriatric assessment in the study design are often applicable. Study design will differ depending on the study population, clinical question, and treatment. Even for older patients, a randomized clinical trial is still the gold standard when the clinical question asks which treatment is better. An observational study of a broader population is applicable for investigating actual conditions of older patients. This JCOG Geriatric Research Policy includes several practical solutions for various issues in geriatric research. We plan to revise this policy periodically to guide future geriatric research.
journal_name
Jpn J Clin Oncoljournal_title
Japanese journal of clinical oncologyauthors
Mizutani T,Nakamura K,Fukuda H,Ogawa A,Hamaguchi T,Nagashima F,Geriatric Study Committee\/Japan Clinical Oncology Group.doi
10.1093/jjco/hyz093subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
901-910issue
10eissn
0368-2811issn
1465-3621pii
5576059journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract:Objective:The prognostic value of metabolic parameters using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) has not been established for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accordingly, the authors investigated the prognostic value of metabolic parameters in terms of failure ...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyy115
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We reviewed the relationship between extent of resection and survival of patients with high-grade gliomas with special consideration of an oligodendroglial component. METHODS:A retrospective review was performed on 160 adult patients with histological diagnosis of high-grade gliomas since 2000. All histologi...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hys016
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 56-year-old Japanese man in whom a descending colon carcinoma had been resected underwent a high orchitectomy for metastatic epididymis from the colon. Metastatic carcinoma from the digestive organs to the spermatic cord (SC) and/or the intrascrotal contents (ISC) is rare. Fifty-four Japanese patients with metastasi...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The long-term outcome is poor for patients with metastatic disease. METHODS:From June 1989 to January 2008, 202 patients (128 males and 74 females) with high-grade osteosarcoma of the extremities were treated at our institution. Patients were divi...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyp057
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a 41-year-old woman with a retroperitoneal schwannoma mimicking hepatic tumor in the caudate lobe. Dynamic computed tomography in the early phase showed an enhanced tumor (2.7 cm in diameter) in the Spiegel lobe of the liver, which compressed the inferior vena cava (IVC). We also performed left hepatic angio...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/27.4.282
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stage III colorectal cancer is an indication for adjuvant chemotherapy; however, there is no definite view on the selection of regimen. If the recurrence can be predicted, it can serve as the indicator of regimen selection. The present study aimed to predict the recurrence of stage III colorectal cancer by c...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyy192
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Immune checkpoint inhibitors offer longer survival than chemotherapy in several clinical trials for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. In subset analyses of clinical trials, immune checkpoint inhibitors extended survival in patients aged ≥65 years, but the effects in patients aged ≥75 years are controversi...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyaa152
更新日期:2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is at present no consensus on the policy for the treatment of patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs). METHODS:This report is a retrospective multi-institutional study of 100 patients (ages 16-65 years) with astrocytoma (grade II), oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma and anaplastic oligoast...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/jjco/hye052
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ewing sarcoma is a malignant bone tumor mainly affecting teenagers and young adults. Its main driver mutation, the EWS-FLI1 fusion gene, has been identified more than 20 years ago, whereas its other somatic mutations have been just recently reported. METHODS:In this study, we organized the somatic mutations...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyz037
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-adjusted incidence rates for malignant lymphomas in eastern Asian countries except for the Kyushu district of Japan are lower than those in northern European, North and South American and Oceanian countries. Particularly, the incidence rates for Hodgkin's disease and follicular lymphoma are remarkably low in easte...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometrial stromal sarcoma is known to be a hormone-dependent tumor. Efficacy of hormonal therapy including high-dose progestins, aromatase inhibitors or gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs has been reported. We report a case of recurrent endometrial stromal sarcoma, the tumor cells of which were strongly positive...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyt142
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The impact of age as a prognostic factor for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial, possibly due to heterogeneity between studies in terms of patient numbers, percentage of patients undergoing curative resection, percentage of patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy, or failure to adjust...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyx110
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of paclitaxel and nedaplatin as a first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced esophageal cancer. METHODS:Patients with advanced esophageal cancer received 175 mg/m(2) of paclitaxel over a 3 h infusion, followed by nedapla...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyp058
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of amelanotic malignant melanoma of the female urethra. The clinical course was unusually long and complicated by asynchronous resectable metastases to the lung and the brain. The patient died of generalized metastasis in spite of successful resection of the metastatic lesions and post-operative chemo...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is common that patients with head and neck cancers have secondary malignant neoplasm of esophageal cancer. METHODS:To know the genetic background of the development of these secondary cancers, we performed microsatellite assay at six loci and immunohistochemical analysis on head and neck cancers of eight...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/28.12.733
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main purpose of the study was to evaluate quality of life (QOL) among cancer patients using the WHOQOL-100 instrument and to see if any significant differences were seen in cancer stages, treatment status and prognosis. This study consisted of two parts; qualitative and quantitative. For the qualitative study, two...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/jjco/28.2.134
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of expression and localization of cripto-1 (CR-1), amphiregulin (AR), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and erbB-2 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 45 carcinomas and adjacent non-involved normal colon mucosa. Thirty (66.7%), 24 (53.3%), 23 (51.1...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been no reports describing acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after particle radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. The present study describes the case of a 76-year-old Japanese man with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung that relapsed in the left upper lobe 1 year after right uppe...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hys115
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We aimed to assess the potency and efficacy of tropisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in the prevention of nausea and emesis observed in the pediatric patient population taking various chemotherapy protocols. METHODS:Tropisetron (Navoban) was given to 100 children (62 boys and 38 girls aged 6 months to 1...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/29.2.92
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and effective method for concentrating sputum in the preparation of smears for cytodiagnosis of lung cancer was developed. The procedure, which utilizes a fixative consisting of 2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-dithiol-butane, 3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxy-toluene, polyoxyethylene-cetyl-ether, polyethylene glycol 1540, and eth...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Apocrine carcinoma, a subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, expresses androgen receptor (AR), but often lacks estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR). In the present study, the author immunohistochemically defined apocrine-type carcinoma as ER-/PgR-/AR+ invasive ductal carcinoma a...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hys034
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A patient with multiple myeloma developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Chromosomal analysis performed after the development of MDS revealed monosomy of chromosome 9 in all the meta-phases. We wished to identify the extent of the clone with the chromosomal abnormality originating from MDS clone. METHODS:A...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/29.8.374
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There have been few reports of sarcoid reaction in the regional lymph nodes associated with lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the surgical results of lung cancer with sarcoid reaction. METHODS:Of 1733 lung cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment in our institute from 1990 to 2004, ...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyl141
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Elastography is a technique for detecting the stiffness of tissues. We applied elastography for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and evaluated the usefulness of elastography for prostate biopsy. METHODS:The subjects of this study were 311 patients who underwent elastography during prostate needle biopsy at H...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyp026
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is one of the important health problems in Turkey. We aimed to determine the clinical and demographic features of HCC in the Turkish population and to evaluate the prognostic and survival features. METHOD:Two hundred and twenty-one patients with HCC from five hospitals in Turkey a...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn082
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myxoid liposarcoma can frequently metastasize to extrapulmonary sites. We present two cases of myxoid liposarcoma metastatic to the epidural space. Both patients complained of back pain, but plain radiography revealed no abnormality. MR imaging clearly demonstrated metastatic tumors in the epidural space, but no invol...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hye094
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clinical review with analysis of prognostic factors, including the impact of the initial management modality, was conducted on 137 patients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) seen at the Veterans General Hospital-Taipei between 1989 and 1993. Malignant diseases account for most of the SVCS in our Chinese patien...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nude mice bearing the human oral cavity carcinoma cell line OCC-1, and the lung cancer cell line LC-1, developed a triple paraneoplastic syndrome consisting of hypercalcemia, cachexia and leukocytosis. All of these abnormalities disappeared rapidly after surgical resection of the tumors, suggesting their ectopic humor...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a023190
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-12 (IL-12), known to be a strong inducer of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), plays a vital role in activating the immune surveillance system against intracellular pathogens and malignant tumors. The authors have found that cancer patients showing marked IFN-gamma induction after inoculation with BCG-CWS (the ...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a023194
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Phase I oncology trials have raised concerns that patients' 'unrealistic' optimism could compromise the validity of informed consent, and that patients often participate in trials to conform to physicians' or family members' recommendations. We aimed to determine whether patients or families-given the same in...
journal_title:Japanese journal of clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jjco/hyw135
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00