Abstract:
:A greater ethical conscience, new global rules and a modified perception of ethical consciousness entail a more rigorous control on utilizations of vertebrates for in vivo studies. To cope with this new scenario, numerous alternatives to rodents have been proposed. Among these, the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella had a preponderant role, especially in the microbiological field, as demonstrated by the growing number of recent scientific publications. The reasons for its success must be sought in its peculiar characteristics such as the innate immune response mechanisms and the ability to grow at a temperature of 37°C. This review aims to describe the most relevant features of G. mellonella in microbiology, highlighting the most recent and relevant research on antibacterial strategies, novel drug tests and toxicological studies. Although solutions for some limitations are required, G. mellonella has all the necessary host features to be a consolidated in vivo model host.
journal_name
Virulencejournal_title
Virulenceauthors
Cutuli MA,Petronio Petronio G,Vergalito F,Magnifico I,Pietrangelo L,Venditti N,Di Marco Rdoi
10.1080/21505594.2019.1621649subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
527-541issue
1eissn
2150-5594issn
2150-5608journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Virulence文献大全abstract::Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) do not have a well-defined and stable 3-dimensional fold. Some IDPs can function as either transient or permanent binders of other proteins and may interact with an array of ligands by adopting different conformations. A novel outer membrane lipoprotein, bacterial interleukin r...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1216294
更新日期:2017-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::A new hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae has emerged. First described in the Asian Pacific Rim, it now increasingly recognized in Western countries. Defining clinical features are the ability to cause serious, life-threatening community-acquired infection in younger healthy hosts, includ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/viru.22718
更新日期:2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative human CJD and sheep scrapie are diseases caused by several different transmissible encephalopathy (TSE) agents. These infectious agents provoke innate immune responses in the brain, including late-onset abnormal prion protein (PrP-res) amyloid. Agent particles that lack detectable PrP sequences by de...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1098804
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infections of the respiratory tract can be complicated by bacterial superinfection, resulting in a significantly longer duration of illness and even a fatal outcome. In this review, we focused on interactions between S. aureus and non-influenza viruses. Clinical data evidenced that rhinovirus infection may incre...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21505594.2018.1504561
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Virulence, Ban E et al. described the complete sequence of the pEntYN10 plasmid of Escherichia coli O169:H41. The plasmid has 182 coding sequences (CDs); among the identified CDs, some were identified as colonization factors (CFs), one was an enterotoxin and others were insertion sequences (IS). In th...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1104450
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease that destroys the tooth-supporting tissues. It is caused by the formation of subgingival biofilms on the surface of the tooth. Characteristic bacteria associated with subgingival biofilms are the Gram-negative anaerobes Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1081731
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rift Valley fever is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease affecting ruminants and humans. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV: family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus) causes abortions and fetal malformations in ruminants, and hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, or retinitis in humans. The live-attenuated MP-12 vaccine is conditio...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1195528
更新日期:2016-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are highly exposed to infectious agents. However, it is not known why certain HSCT recipients rapidly develop severe infections while other, despite similar immunosuppressive conditions, do not. Increasing evidence suggests that such differences may b...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1234566
更新日期:2016-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial pathogenicity deeply depends on the ability to secrete virulence factors that bind specific targets on host cells and manipulate host responses. The Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a human foodborne pathogen that remains a serious public health concern. To transport proteins across its cell...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1244589
更新日期:2017-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major virulence factor of Brucella, a facultative intracellular pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium. Brucella LPS exhibits a low toxicity and its atypical structure was postulated to delay the host immune response, favouring the establishment of chronic disease. Here we carried out an ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1386831
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria interact with their host through protein secretion systems and surface structures. Pathogenic bacteria encode protein secretion systems that promote the invasion of the host's tissue, the evasion of the host's immune response, the thwarting microbial competitors, and ultimately survival within the host. For m...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1421829
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans remains the main etiological agent of candidiasis, as this otherwise normal commensal of humans is capable of causing active infection in immune- and medically-compromised patients. The high morbidity and mortality rates associated with candidiasis, coupled with the emergence of drug resistance demand...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1197444
更新日期:2017-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we examined prolonged infection after antigenic co-stimulation by inoculation of the fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi at two different sites in three mouse strains (BALB/c, Swiss, and C57BL/6). Using this murine model of infection, we showed that antigen induction of infection at more than one site led ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/viru.1.1.9920
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hemagglutinin (HA) proteins derived from avian influenza viruses bind specifically to the α2-3 sialoglycan (Sia glycan), whereas human-adapted influenza viruses prefer to bind to the α2-6 Sia glycan. A switch of glycan specificity from α2-3 Sia glycan to α2-6 Sia glycan appears to be critical for a virus to become...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/viru.21822
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis remains a common, serious, and heterogeneous clinical entity that is difficult to define adequately. Despite its importance as a public health problem, efforts to develop and gain regulatory approval for a specific therapeutic agent for the adjuvant treatment of sepsis have been remarkably unsuccessful. One ste...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/viru.26083
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate if the alternative in vivo model Galleria mellonella can be used (i) to determine differences in pathogenicity of amphotericin B (AMB) resistant and susceptible A. terreus isolates, (ii) to evaluate AMB efficacy in vivo (iii) and to correlate outcome to in vitro susceptibility ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1045183
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs such as linezolid that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis may be beneficial in treating infections caused by toxigenic Staphylococcus aureus. As protein synthesis inhibitors have no effect on preformed toxins, neutralization of pathogenic exotoxins with anti-toxin antibodies may be beneficial in conjunction wit...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1267894
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroquine (CQ) was the best and most heavily used drug in the fight against malaria. However, the effectiveness of CQ has declined with the emergence and spread of CQ-resistant (CQR) Plasmodium falciparum parasites. The primary determinant of CQ resistance in P. falciparum is mutations in the parasite's 'chloroquine...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/viru.1.4.12012
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogens frequently exist in an immunological balancing act with their host. Pathogens must not only replicate within a host but also transmit effectively between hosts to perpetuate their species. On the other hand, the host seeks to maintain homeostasis by clearing pathogens. The inflammasome is a multi-protein com...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/viru.20266
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently developed a method that allows fast differentiation between Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) strains. The method named phage profiling (PP) is based on a simple assumption that a regular PCR reaction with Taq polymerase and relatively short elongation time is not able to yield long DNA fragment, such as ~40-50...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/viru.21887
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptococcus neoformans: (H99W) was serially passaged in the invertebrate wax moth Galleria mellonella fifteen times to study how fungal virulence evolves under selection and whether those adaptations affect virulence. The G. mellonella passaged strain (P15) and the pre-passage H99W strains were used to infect three d...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2020.1831332
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Th1-polarized host response, mediated by IFN-γ, has been associated with increased severity of periodontal disease as well as control of periodontal infection. The functional polymorphism TBX21-1993T/C (rs4794067) increases the transcriptional activity of the TBX21 gene (essential for Th1 polarization) resulting in a ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1029828
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-invasive imaging techniques in microbial disease models have delivered valuable insights in the intimate pathogen-host interplay during infection. Here we describe evaluation and validation of a transgenic bioluminescence reporter strain of the human-pathogenic mold Aspergillus fumigatus, one of the main fungal pa...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/viru.3.1.18799
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis possesses a number of regulatory systems that detect cell envelope damage caused by noxious extracytoplasmic stresses. The CpxA sensor kinase and CpxR response regulator two-component regulatory system is one such pathway. Active Cpx signalling upregulates v...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2018.1556151
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of resistance requires alternative methods to treat Candida albicans infections. We evaluated efficacy of the efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) verapamil (VER) with fluconazole (FLC) against FLC-resistant (CaR) and -susceptible C. albicans (CaS). The susceptibility of both strains to VER and FLC was determined...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2020.1868814
更新日期:2021-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza viruses (AIV) evolve from low pathogenic (LP) precursors after circulation in poultry by reassortment and/or single mutations in different gene segments including that encoding NS1. The carboxyl terminal end (CTE) of NS1 exhibits deletions between amino acid 202 and 230 with stil...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2016.1159367
更新日期:2016-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Several human pathogens bind and respond to host cytokines, which can be considered a virulence mechanism that communicates defensive actions of the host to the pathogen. This review summarizes the current knowledge of bacterial cytokine-binding proteins, with a particular focus on their functional and structural char...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1363140
更新日期:2017-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have found that abnormalities in the proportion and differentiation of CD4+ T cells (Th cells) are closely related to the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis (VMC). Our previous research indicates that the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) attenuates the inflammatory response of VMC and downregula...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2018.1482179
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of abundant mobile genetic elements called retrotransposons reverse transcribe RNA to generate DNA for insertion into eukaryotic genomes. Non-long-terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons represent a major class of retrotransposons, and transposons that move by target-primed reverse transcription lack LTRs ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/viru.27278
更新日期:2014-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system is involved in a variety of important bacterial physiological processes. Conserved among bacteria and crucial for virulence, the Tat system is deemed as a promising anti-microbial drug target. However, the mechanism of how the Tat system functions in bacterial pathogenesis ...
journal_title:Virulence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21505594.2020.1817709
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00