Genome-Wide Patterns of Gene Expression in a Wild Primate Indicate Species-Specific Mechanisms Associated with Tolerance to Natural Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Abstract:

:Over 40 species of nonhuman primates host simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs). In natural hosts, infection is generally assumed to be nonpathogenic due to a long coevolutionary history between host and virus, although pathogenicity is difficult to study in wild nonhuman primates. We used whole-blood RNA-seq and SIV prevalence from 29 wild Ugandan red colobus (Piliocolobus tephrosceles) to assess the effects of SIV infection on host gene expression in wild, naturally SIV-infected primates. We found no evidence for chronic immune activation in infected individuals, suggesting that SIV is not immunocompromising in this species, in contrast to human immunodeficiency virus in humans. Notably, an immunosuppressive gene, CD101, was upregulated in infected individuals. This gene has not been previously described in the context of nonpathogenic SIV infection. This expands the known variation associated with SIV infection in natural hosts and may suggest a novel mechanism for tolerance of SIV infection in the Ugandan red colobus.

journal_name

Genome Biol Evol

authors

Simons ND,Eick GN,Ruiz-Lopez MJ,Hyeroba D,Omeja PA,Weny G,Zheng H,Shankar A,Frost SDW,Jones JH,Chapman CA,Switzer WM,Goldberg TL,Sterner KN,Ting N

doi

10.1093/gbe/evz099

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1630-1643

issue

6

issn

1759-6653

pii

5491839

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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