What Is Needed to Eliminate Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus as Global Health Threats.

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Liver X receptors (LXRs) are transcriptional regulators of cholesterol metabolism, controlling cholesterol flow into cells, catabolism, and efflux. Cholesterol controls cell proliferation; disruptions in cholesterol metabolism have been associated with the development of colon cancer. We investigated ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lo Sasso G,Bovenga F,Murzilli S,Salvatore L,Di Tullio G,Martelli N,D'Orazio A,Rainaldi S,Vacca M,Mangia A,Palasciano G,Moschetta A

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Mucosal cell-mediated immune response is considered the central event in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. In cultured intestinal explants from celiacs in remission, we have characterized the early stages of gliadin-induced immune activation. METHODS:Intestinal biopsy specimens (15 treated celiacs ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Maiuri L,Picarelli A,Boirivant M,Coletta S,Mazzilli MC,De Vincenzi M,Londei M,Auricchio S

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adverse reactions to food that result in gastrointestinal symptoms are common in the general population; while only a minority of such individuals will have symptoms due to immunologic reactions to foods, gastrointestinal food allergies do exist in both children and adults. These immune reactions are mediated by immun...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Bischoff S,Crowe SE

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several areas regarding Helicobacter pylori that need improvement or clarification in the United States include treatment of dyspepsia, physician education on disease associations with H. pylori, and evidence from U.S. studies that 7-day H. pylori eradication regimens are more effective than current regimens. Dyspepsi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Freston JW

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:De novo lipogenesis is believed to be involved in oncogenesis. We investigated the role of aberrant lipid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS:We evaluated expression of enzymes that regulate lipogenesis in human normal liver tissues and HCC and surroundin...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Calvisi DF,Wang C,Ho C,Ladu S,Lee SA,Mattu S,Destefanis G,Delogu S,Zimmermann A,Ericsson J,Brozzetti S,Staniscia T,Chen X,Dombrowski F,Evert M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is believed to be innervated by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory nerves, and cholinergic excitatory nerves. In idiopathic achalasia, LES relaxation is abnormal because the inhibitory nerves to the sphincter are either absent or functionally impaired. The integrity of ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Holloway RH,Dodds WJ,Helm JF,Hogan WJ,Dent J,Arndorfer RC

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The rate of 12alpha-hydroxylation of bile acid intermediates is believed to determine the ratio of cholic acid (CA) to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) biosynthesis and the overall hydrophobicity of the bile acid pool. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the level of expression of sterol...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Pandak WM,Bohdan P,Franklund C,Mallonee DH,Eggertsen G,Björkhem I,Gil G,Vlahcevic ZR,Hylemon PB

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Patients with cirrhosis are characterized by a reduced splanchnic vascular resistance and a hyporeactivity to adrenergic vasoconstrictors. So far, their adrenergic splanchnic vascular responsiveness has not been evaluated in vitro. We compared responses to alpha1- and beta2-adrenoceptor stimulation of...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Heller J,Schepke M,Gehnen N,Molderings GJ,Müller A,Erhard J,Spengler U,Sauerbruch T

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:We recently showed that dietary supplementation with an analogue of 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-23-yne-26,27 F6-vitamin D3 (RO24-5531), reduced the incidence of colonic tumors in rats treated with azoxymethane (AOM). The aim of this study was to determine whether alterat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Wali RK,Bissonnette M,Khare S,Aquino B,Niedziela S,Sitrin M,Brasitus TA

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study is an examination of the association between Crohn's disease and psychiatric illness using careful gastrointestinal evaluation, a structured psychiatric interview of known reliability and validity, and explicit diagnostic criteria for psychiatric illness. A proband sample of 50 subjects with Crohn's disease...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Helzer JE,Chammas S,Norland CC,Stillings WA,Alpers DH

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The molecular basis of colorectal dysplasia and carcinoma arising in ulcerative colitis is poorly understood. Loss of heterozygosity involving the tumor suppressor gene p53 occurs frequently in neoplastic ulcerative colitis lesions. Point mutation affecting p53 is associated with loss of heterozygosity in ot...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Yin J,Harpaz N,Tong Y,Huang Y,Laurin J,Greenwald BD,Hontanosas M,Newkirk C,Meltzer SJ

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:It has been proposed that activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes a rightward shift in the renal autoregulatory curve such that renal blood flow is critically dependent on renal perfusion pressure and that this contributes to the development of the hepatorenal syndrome. The aims of the stu...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Stadlbauer V,Wright GA,Banaji M,Mukhopadhya A,Mookerjee RP,Moore K,Jalan R

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes associated with each of the inherited syndromes of colon cancer have now been identified, and genetic testing is available for diagnosis. These syndromes include familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, and, possibly, Cowd...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Burt R,Neklason DW

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunologic injury in the liver involves immigrant T and B lymphocytes and a resident lymphoid population that comprises distinct lymphocytic cells and accessory cells. The forerunner to autoimmunity is breaching of natural self-tolerance and hence the disruption of a fundamental property of the immune system. Such br...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kita H,Mackay IR,Van De Water J,Gershwin ME

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Thromboxane levels correlate with severity of liver injury in rats given alcohol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thromboxane inhibitors on pathological changes in experimental alcoholic liver disease. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were given a liquid diet and ethanol intragastrically ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Nanji AA,Khwaja S,Rahemtulla A,Miao L,Zhao S,Tahan SR

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to characterize rat mucosal colonic cells harvested from the crypt continuum during differentiation and dimethylhydrazine-induced neoplasia. The collection of colonocytes was performed using a modified nonenzymatic isolation procedure based on Ca2+ chelation and gentle mechanical disso...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Schwartz B,Avivi C,Lamprecht SA

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major modes of presentation of patients with celiac disease are the classic diarrhea-predominant form and silent celiac disease. Those with silent celiac disease lack diarrhea, although they may present with manifestations of celiac disease that include an irritable bowel syndrome, anemia, osteoporosis, neurologic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Green PH

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The factors responsible for prevention of duodenal mucosal injury are not known. This series of experiments was performed to determine whether the human duodenum secretes bicarbonate that could prevent mucosal damage. To isolate a 4-cm segment of proximal (i.e., the duodenal bulb) or distal duodenum free of contaminat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Isenberg JI,Hogan DL,Koss MA,Selling JA

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The Ki-RAS oncogene is altered in pancreatic ductal neoplasms. Pancreatic ductal cells (PDCs) were purified from cytokeratin 19 (K19)-Ki-RAS(G12V) transgenic mice and control littermates to identify properties of Ki-Ras activation in a cell-type-specific context. Because Ki-RAS mutation has prognostic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Schreiber FS,Deramaudt TB,Brunner TB,Boretti MI,Gooch KJ,Stoffers DA,Bernhard EJ,Rustgi AK

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The vagus nerve negatively regulates macrophage cytokine production via the release of acetylcholine (ACh) and activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). In various models of intestinal inflammation, vagus nerve efferent stimulation ameliorates disease. Given the actively constrained cyt...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： van der Zanden EP,Snoek SA,Heinsbroek SE,Stanisor OI,Verseijden C,Boeckxstaens GE,Peppelenbosch MP,Greaves DR,Gordon S,De Jonge WJ

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are conflicting reports on the influence of cigarette smoking on healing in patients with duodenal ulcer; some studies show an adverse effect on healing rate and others no effect. This study reports the influence of smoking on short-term healing and relapse rate in 135 patients with duodenal ulcer who were treat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Korman MG,Hansky J,Eaves ER,Schmidt GT

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of phalloidin, an agent that causes irreversible polymerisation of actin into microfilaments, on bile secretion and hepatocyte ultrastructure was examined in rats. Phalloidin was given intraperitoneally at the dose of 50 microgram per 100 g of body weight per day for 1, 3, or 7 days. The following was ob...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Dubin M,Maurice M,Feldmann G,Erlinger S

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied whether 16,16--dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) may prevent acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the rat. One hundred thirty male rats were divided into the following groups: (1) controls, (2) rats given CCl4 6670 mg/kg body wt subcutaneously, (3) rats pretreated with 5 micrograms/...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Stachura J,Tarnawski A,Ivey KJ,Mach T,Bogdal J,Szczudrawa J,klimczyk B

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:We assessed the association of body mass and gastric volumes (fasting and postprandial) with satiation and postprandial symptoms. METHODS:Healthy obese and nonobese subjects underwent measurement of caloric intake at maximum satiation; postprandial symptoms were measured with visual analogue scales 3...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Delgado-Aros S,Cremonini F,Castillo JE,Chial HJ,Burton DD,Ferber I,Camilleri M

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Carcinomas of the extrahepatic bile ducts, ampulla of Vater, and duodenum are uncommon, and their epigenetic and genetic alterations are not well characterized. METHODS:We therefore compared the methylation profile and genetic alterations in 18 extrahepatic biliary, 9 ampullary, and 12 duodenal carci...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kim SG,Chan AO,Wu TT,Issa JP,Hamilton SR,Rashid A

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with boceprevir, peginterferon, and ribavirin can lead to anemia, which has been managed by reducing ribavirin dose and/or erythropoietin therapy. We assessed the effects of these anemia management strategies on rates of sustained virologic response (SVR)...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Poordad F,Lawitz E,Reddy KR,Afdhal NH,Hézode C,Zeuzem S,Lee SS,Calleja JL,Brown RS Jr,Craxi A,Wedemeyer H,Nyberg L,Nelson DR,Rossaro L,Balart L,Morgan TR,Bacon BR,Flamm SL,Kowdley KV,Deng W,Koury KJ,Pedicone LD

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Predictors of reactivation of hepatitis B following hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B have rarely been reported before and deserve further study. METHODS:A total of 133 HBeAg-positive asymptomatic carriers who have undergone HBeAg seroconversion were studied. Reactiv...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Chu CM,Liaw YF

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has recently been shown that repeated large-volume paracentesis associated with intravenous albumin infusion is a rapid, effective, and safe therapy of ascites in cirrhosis. To investigate whether intravenous albumin infusion is necessary in the treatment of cirrhotics with large-volume paracentesis, 105 patients w...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Ginès P,Titó L,Arroyo V,Planas R,Panés J,Viver J,Torres M,Humbert P,Rimola A,Llach J

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Confluent monolayers of epithelial cell lines of intestinal derivation may serve as useful models for studies of intestinal epithelial structure and function. Cells of the T84 line appear to be a useful model for studies of Cl- secretion. We now define the fine structure of this cell line, the structural events that o...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Madara JL,Stafford J,Dharmsathaphorn K,Carlson S

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several compounds, in particular bile acids, undergo enterohepatic circulation (EHC). Limited data are available on the pathophysiologic aspects of this circulation. In the present study we describe a surgical technique in rats that allows a long-term, reversible interruption of the EHC and monitoring of peripheral bl...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kuipers F,Havinga R,Bosschieter H,Toorop GP,Hindriks FR,Vonk RJ

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00