Abstract:
:Classical conditioning (CC) with a sweet flavored is useful for experimental models of immune response. The objective this work was analyze spleen cell response on the differentiation of B-lymphocytes associated with the CC with sweet flavored in adult rats. Twelve adult male rats were divided (n = 3) in Group 1 (control); Group 2 without conditioned stimulus (WCS) received only water; Group 3 receiving only water with salt; Group 4 (experimental) with CS of sweet flavored and salty flavored afterwards. In every work group, all animals were subjected to the unconditioned stimulus (US) treated by 10 mg/kg body weight of cyclophosphamide injected intraperitoneally (i.p.). Subsequently an immunological challenge with sheep red blood cells i.p. was applied. Spleen samples were obtained 15 days after using euthanasia with 1% sodium thiopental i.p. The evaluation B lymphocyte (immature and mature) was performed by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against CD20 and against CD37, and revealed with HRP/DAB. The results show in every work group significant increases of CD20+ and CD37+ cell densities in the red pulp of the spleen of male adult rats from different groups of the experimental design. We concluded that the immunomodulatory response under CC might facilitate a less aggressive and more physiological immunological response against immunosuppression. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The immune response can be reinforced by classical conditioning. The sweet taste allows to positively condition the immune response. B lymphocytes actively participate in the immune response and classical conditioning.
journal_name
Microsc Res Techjournal_title
Microscopy research and techniqueauthors
Rodríguez Bustos H,Espinoza-Navarro O,Castro MEdoi
10.1002/jemt.23112subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-01 00:00:00pages
1451-1455issue
12eissn
1059-910Xissn
1097-0029journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies reported that intrageneric relationships of genus Veratrum of family Melanthiaceae are controversial and hard to delimit. Therefore, we observed the pollen morphological features of six species in the genus Veratrum in detail using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and investigate...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.23479
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytoliths are an important component for interpreting the ancient botanical record. However, phytoliths can be altered through heating, either as the result of such activities as firing ceramics, clay molds use for casting metal or in hearths. Phytoliths can also be altered through heating as the result of creating c...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22004
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The construction of the liver parenchyma throughout fetal development depends on the elaboration of intercellular contacts between epithelial cells and between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. During this time, the spatial distribution of cytokeratins in hepatocytes shows a striking evolution as demonstrated by confo...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19971201)39:5<436::AID-JEM
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dystrophin-deficient muscles have repeated cycles of necrosis and regeneration, being susceptible to injury induced by muscle contractions. Some studies have demonstrated that tendons are also affected in mdx mice, based especially on the changes in biomechanical properties arising from the respective linked muscles. ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22448
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nasal fluid is an easily accessible form of airway surface liquid. The objective of this study was to find a technically easy and reproducible method for sampling and analysis of this fluid. In a pilot study, several methods to carry out X-ray microanalysis of sub-microliter droplets were compared. Acceptable resu...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20020
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::STM tips made from antiferromagnetic MnNi have been used to investigate the atomic structure of the (001) and (111) surfaces of Fe3O4. The clean (001) surface displays a ( radical2 x radical2)R45 degrees superlattice, which is attributed to charge-ordering on the surface, where Fe(2+)-Fe2+ and Fe(3+)-Fe3+ dimers can b...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20148
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fipronil, active ingredient of Frontline® acaricide, is a phenyl-pyrazolic derivative, and its efficacy in the elimination of several plagues, even in lower concentrations, has already been demonstrated; however, its effect on nontarget organisms has not been thoroughly explained. In this sense, the present study had ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.21053
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cartilage morphogenesis is a prerequisite for skeletal development and maintenance. The morphogenesis of cartilage determines the shape of bones, and joints including articular cartilage, ligaments, and tendon. This article reviews the recent advances in cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) and related bon...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19981015)43:2<131::AID-JEM
更新日期:1998-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fatty acid and alkyl compositions of 1-alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerols (ADG) in the Harderian gland of the golden hamster were determined. Fatty acids of male ADG consisted of straight chain saturated acids ranging from C12 to C22. Both even- and odd-numbered acids were observed, indicating that acetyl- and propionyl-CoAs w...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19960501)34:1<71::AID-JEMT
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of humans with Helicobacter pylori results in the development of chronic gastritis and plays an important role in gastric ulcer pathogenesis. Despite the infiltration of the mucosa with specific immunocompetent cells and production of specific antibodies, the infection usually persists for life. This study w...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.1111
更新日期:2001-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proliferative activity of tumors is strongly associated with prognosis and response to therapy. The reason for faster and uncontrolled growth rate of tumors compared with normal tissue may be caused by the greater proliferation of cells, the smaller rate of cell death, or both. Cell production vs. cell loss rates, and...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980301)40:5<408::AID-JEM
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ascidian embryos are useful for examining how events that occur during fertilization and cleavage affect gastrulation because they gastrulate early in development, during the seventh cleavage. In ascidians, both dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior axes are determined before first cleavage. The dorsal-ventral axis is...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jemt.1070260403
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nowadays, infertility is no longer considered as an unsolvable disorder due to progresses in germ cells derived from stem lineage with diverse origins. Technical and ethical challenges push researchers to investigate various tissue sources to approach more efficient gametes. The purpose of the current study is to inve...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22880
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared several irrigation protocols and application systems for sealer penetration into dentinal tubules. Single-rooted-human teeth were divided into 5 experimental groups (n = 15) and a control group (n = 5), according to final irrigation protocols: standard needle irrigation (SNI); Vibringe; Vibringe + ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22944
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-free extracts of Xenopus eggs were used to investigate how differing lamin sub-types are incorporated into a lamina and how lamina composition influences DNA replication. Purified recombinant human lamin A (HlaminA) was inoculated into egg extracts, which support in vitro nuclear assembly. The route of incorporat...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19990401)45:1<1::AID-JEMT1
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We summarize the molecular phenotype, diagnostic criteria, and the newest advances related to seeking the pathogenic mechanism(s) of sporadic inclusion-body myositis (s-IBM), a muscle disease usually of persons over age 50. On the basis of our research, several processes seem to be important in relation to the still-s...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jemt.20186
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to determine the possible changes in the localization of the four Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and three ligands in quail lungs from the first day of hatching until the 125th after hatching using immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that four EGFRs and...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22544
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laminins are alpha-beta-gamma heterotrimeric components of all basement membranes. Laminins are now known to play the central role in organizing and establishing the basement membrane. The diversity of laminins allows them to impart special structural and signaling properties to the basement membrane. Of the 12 known ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jemt.20563
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The small GTPase Rho, which regulates cell shape, is thought to contribute to cytokinesis. Recently, Citron was characterized as a Rho target. This large protein contains a Ser/Thr kinase domain related to that of ROCK, another Rho effector. Both endogenous Citron and recombinant Citron localize to the cleavage furrow...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(20000415)49:2<123::AID-JEM
更新日期:2000-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) has become an increasingly important measurement tool for biological and biomedical investigations, with the capability to assay molecular dynamics and interactions both in vitro and within living cells. Information recovery in FCS requires an accurate characterization and c...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20454
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antennal sensilla of the pine weevil (Pissodes nitidus Roel.) were observed with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The weevil antenna consists of a long scape, a pedicel, and a flagellum with 10 segments; the last four flagellum segments are fused, forming the antennal club, ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20920
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natriuretic peptides (NP), together with nitric oxide (NO) are powerful relaxing factors acting via a common second messenger, cyclic GMP (cGMP). Together with other vasoactive modulators, these vasorelaxing factors play an essential role in regulating the function of kidney glomeruli. The presence of NP receptors in ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jemt.10080
更新日期:2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The thin layer of liquid that lines the conducting airway epithelium, the airway surface liquid (ASL), is important for mucociliary clearance. Altered ionic composition and/ or volume of the ASL play a major role in the pathology of airway diseases such as cystic fibrosis. Since the ASL is a thin layer, it has been di...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20217
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This present study is the first report on the detailed foliar epidermal anatomy and micromorphology of seeds of five species of Vitaceae from Pakistan using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The studied species occur at various localities particularly higher altitude. Qualitative and quanti...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.23102
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we report for the first time the localization of a photoreceptor pigment in the cilia of the colored heterotrich ciliates Blepharisma japonicum red and blue form, Fabrea salina, and Stentor coeruleus, as result of a confocal microscopy investigation. Optical sectioning confocal microscopy has been used f...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20508
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is an important viral opportunistic infection of oligodendrocytes leading to direct demyelination. Virus is likely disseminated to the brain via the blood. However, the timing of that dissemination with relationship to clinical disease is unknown. Important clues about viral ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jemt.1070320405
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gymnosporia arenicola Jordaan (Celastraceae) is a shrub or small tree, which naturally occurs in coastal sand dunes of Southern Mozambique and South Africa. Its dried leaf is often used in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Hereby, we present results of studies carried out ...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.22565
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work investigates recording bits on recordable and rewritable blu-ray discs using atomic force microscopy and conducting atomic force microscopy with high contrast, respectively. The geometric structure of the recording bits is clearly observed in images, which, when coupled with cross-section analysis, yields pr...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20745
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetotactic bacteria orient and migrate along geomagnetic field lines. Each cell contains membrane-enclosed, nano-scale, iron-mineral particles called magnetosomes that cause alignment of the cell in the geomagnetic field as the bacteria swim propelled by flagella. In this work we studied the ultrastructure of the f...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jemt.20380
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ruminant placenta has a very uniform gross structure based on localised areas of fetomaternal membrane apposition and proliferation to form placentomes. There is no consistency, however, in the number or size of these placentomes (6-150), nor in the villus architecture of the individual placentome. The one consist...
journal_title:Microscopy research and technique
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970701/15)38:1/2<88::AID
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00