Chronic sympathetic driven hypertension promotes atherosclerosis by enhancing hematopoiesis.

Abstract:

:Hypertension is a major, independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, this pathology can arise through multiple pathways, which could influence vascular disease through distinct mechanisms. An overactive sympathetic nervous system is a dominant pathway that can precipitate in elevated blood pressure. We aimed to determine how the sympathetic nervous system directly promotes atherosclerosis in the setting of hypertension. We used a mouse model of sympathetic nervous system-driven hypertension on the atherosclerotic-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient background. When mice were placed on a western type diet for 16 weeks, we showed the evolution of unstable atherosclerotic lesions. Fortuitously, the changes in lesion composition were independent of endothelial dysfunction, allowing for the discovery of alternative mechanisms. With the use of flow cytometry and bone marrow imaging, we found that sympathetic activation caused deterioration of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niche in the bone marrow, promoting the liberation of these cells into the circulation and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen. Specifically, sympathetic activation reduced the abundance of key hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niche cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells and osteoblasts. Additionally, sympathetic bone marrow activity prompted neutrophils to secrete proteases to cleave the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell surface receptor CXCR4. All these effects could be reversed using the β-blocker propranolol during the feeding period. These findings suggest that elevated blood pressure driven by the sympathetic nervous system can influence mechanisms that modulate the hematopoietic system to promote atherosclerosis and contribute to cardiovascular events.

journal_name

Haematologica

journal_title

Haematologica

authors

Al-Sharea A,Lee MKS,Whillas A,Michell DL,Shihata WA,Nicholls AJ,Cooney OD,Kraakman MJ,Veiga CB,Jefferis AM,Jackson K,Nagareddy PR,Lambert G,Wong CHY,Andrews KL,Head GA,Chin-Dusting J,Murphy AJ

doi

10.3324/haematol.2018.192898

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-01 00:00:00

pages

456-467

issue

3

eissn

0390-6078

issn

1592-8721

pii

haematol.2018.192898

journal_volume

104

pub_type

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