Abstract:
:Objectives:Citrobacter freundii is a frequent cause of nosocomial infections and a known cause of diarrheal infections, and has increasingly become multidrug resistant (MDR). In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic diversity, the antimicrobial resistance profiles and in vitro virulence properties of C. freundii from diarrheal patients and healthy individuals. Methods: 82 C. freundii isolates were obtained from human diarrheal outpatients and healthy individuals. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Adhesion and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were assessed. PCR and sequencing were used to identify blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA genes. Results: The 82 C. freundii isolates were divided into 76 sequence types (STs) with 65 STs being novel, displaying high genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analysis divided the 82 isolates into 5 clusters. All 82 isolates were sensitive to imipenem (IPM), but resistant to one or more other 16 antibiotics tested. Twenty-six isolates (31.7%) were multidrug resistant to three or more antibiotic classes out of the 10 distinct antibiotic classes tested. Five MDR isolates, all of which were isolated from 2014, harbored one or more of the resistance genes, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-9, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB9, and qnrB13. All 11 qnrB-carrying C. freundii isolates belonged to cluster 1, and one C. freundii isolate carried a new qnrB gene (qnrB92). Six isolates showed strong cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells, one of which was multidrug resistant. Conclusions:C. freundii isolates from human diarrheal outpatients and healthy individuals were diverse with variation in sequence types, antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence properties.
journal_name
Front Cell Infect Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiologyauthors
Liu L,Chen D,Liu L,Lan R,Hao S,Jin W,Sun H,Wang Y,Liang Y,Xu Jdoi
10.3389/fcimb.2018.00233subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-10 00:00:00pages
233issn
2235-2988journal_volume
8pub_type
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Visceral leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania (L.) donovani parasite in the Indian subcontinent. Macrophages (mϕ) are the harboring cells for parasite and their interactions dictate the pathogenesis of this disease. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are an integral part of the mϕ cell membrane ...
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doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00406
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abstract::A cohort study was conducted to evaluate oral microbial diversity among toddlers aged 12-24 months, and to describe the dynamic processes of colonization, development, and stabilization of the oral microflora during tooth eruption using high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 20 healthy toddlers aged 12 mont...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
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doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00422
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abstract::Deposition of Burkholderia pseudomallei within either the lungs or nasal passages of the Balb/c murine model resulted in different infection kinetics. The infection resulting from the inhalation of B. pseudomallei within a 12 μm particle aerosol was prolonged compared to a 1 μm particle aerosol with a mean time-to-dea...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
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doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00101
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abstract::The type VI secretion system (T6SS) secretes numerous toxins for bacteria-bacteria competition. TplE is a newly identified trans-kingdom toxin secreted by the T6SS in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while TplEi neutralizes the toxic effect of TplE to protect bacteria autointoxication. Blocking the interaction of TplE-TplEi co...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00411
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abstract::Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has been increasingly associated with perturbations to the microbial communities that reside in and on the body (the microbiome), in both human and animal studies. To date, such studies have mainly focused on the microbial communities that inhabit the gut and oral cavity. Mounting evidence su...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00440
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abstract::Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, has been a focus of study in host-pathogen dynamics since the nineteenth century. While the interaction between anthrax and host macrophages has been extensively modeled, comparatively little is known about the effect of anthrax on the immune function of neutrophils,...
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abstract::Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli are diarrheagenic bacterial human pathogens that cause severe gastroenteritis. These enteric pathotypes, together with the mouse pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, belong to the family of attaching and effacing pathogens that form a distinctive histological ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
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doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00057
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abstract::The endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotes brought together two disparate genomes in the cell. Additionally, eukaryotic natural history has included other endosymbiotic events, phagotrophic consumption of organisms, and intimate interactions with viruses and endoparasites. These phenomena facilitated large-scale lateral g...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00089
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abstract::Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) is a common childhood disease characterized by an accumulation of fluid behind the eardrum. COME often requires surgical intervention and can also lead to significant hearing loss and subsequent learning disabilities. Recent characterization of the middle ear fluid (MEF) micro...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00339
更新日期:2019-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii has been found to infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. In this study, a total of 3,275 human serum samples were collected from hospitals in five provinces of China. About 5.13% (168/3,275) (95% CI, 4.42-5.94) of the serum samples tested positive for T. gondii IgG antibody by a mo...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00302
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major etiological agent in chronic and aggressive forms of periodontal disease. The organism is an asaccharolytic anaerobe and is a constituent of mixed species biofilms in a variety of microenvironments in the oral cavity. P. gingivalis expresses a range of virulence factors over which i...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00079
更新日期:2012-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives:Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an AIDS-defining illness. In patients with HIV, the benefit of PCP prophylaxis is well-defined when the CD4 T-cell count decreases below 200 cells/μL. In other immunocompromised patients, the value of PCP prophylaxis is not always as well-established. This study aim...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00224
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important aspect of many staphylococcal infections, most notably endocarditis, osteomyelitis and infections associated with indwelling medical devices. The major constituents of staphylococcal biofilms are polysaccharides, such as ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00038
更新日期:2012-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial persisters are a small proportion of phenotypically heterogeneous variants with the transient capability to survive in high concentrations of antibiotics, causing recurrent infections in both human and aquatic animals. Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), which was encoded by the ssrA gene, was identified as a de...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00044
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian species contain an internal circadian (i.e., 24-h) clock that is synchronized to the day and night cycles. Large epidemiological studies, which are supported by carefully controlled studies in numerous species, support the idea that chronic disruption of our circadian cycles results in a number of health iss...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00418
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.605662
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Brucella spp. are intracellular vacuolar pathogens that causes brucellosis, a worldwide zoonosis of profound importance. We previously demonstrated that the activity of host unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor IRE1α (inositol-requiring enzyme 1) and ER-associated autophagy confer susceptibility to Brucella melitens...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00103
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00023
更新日期:2018-02-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00214
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00090
更新日期:2019-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::The natural history of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections can vary widely; infections can spontaneously resolve but can also last from months to years, potentially progressing to cause significant pathology. The host and bacterial factors underlying this wide variation are not completely understood, but emphasiz...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00072
更新日期:2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae, has become a major concern in clinic settings. Combination therapy is gaining momentum to counter the secondary resistance and potential suboptimal efficacy of monotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00246
更新日期:2017-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral malaria is among the major causes of malaria-associated mortality and effective adjunctive therapeutic strategies are currently lacking. Central pathophysiological processes involved in the development of cerebral malaria include an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses to Plasmodium infection, en...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00324
更新日期:2017-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Caprine parainfluenza virus type 3 (CPIV3) is a newly emerging pathogenic respiratory agent infecting both young and adult goats, and it was identified in eastern China in 2013. Cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be important modulators of the intricate virus-host interactions. In order to elucidate the...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00093
更新日期:2018-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) is a common tumor with high mortality rates. Interestingly, CRC was found to be colonized by the oral anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum, which accelerates tumor progression and enables immune evasion. The CRC-specific colonization by fusobacteria is mediated through the recogni...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00295
更新日期:2017-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria comprise the earliest form of independent life on this planet. Bacterial development has included co-operative symbiosis with plants (e.g., Leguminosae family and nitrogen fixing bacteria in soil) and animals (e.g., the gut microbiome). A fusion event of two prokaryotes evolutionarily gave rise to the eukaryo...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
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doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00143
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospira are emerging zoonotic pathogens transmitted from animals to humans typically through contaminated environmental sources of water and soil. Regulatory pathways of pathogenic Leptospira spp. underlying the adaptive response to different hosts and environmental conditions remains elusive. In this study, we pro...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00010
更新日期:2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonellae are facultative intracellular pathogens that cause globally distributed diseases with massive morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. In the past decades, numerous studies were focused on host defenses against Salmonella infection. Autophagy has been demonstrated to be an important defense mechanism...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00078
更新日期:2018-03-14 00:00:00