Abstract:
:Despite decades of dedicated research, there remains a dire need for new drugs against tuberculosis (TB). Current therapies are generations old and problematic. Resistance to these existing therapies results in an ever-increasing burden of patients with disease that is difficult or impossible to treat. Novel chemical entities with new mechanisms of action are therefore earnestly required. The biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) has long been known to be essential in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB. The pathway has been genetically validated by seminal studies in vitro and in vivo. In Mtb, the CoA biosynthetic pathway is comprised of nine enzymes: four to synthesize pantothenate (Pan) from l-aspartate and α-ketoisovalerate; five to synthesize CoA from Pan and pantetheine (PantSH). This review gathers literature reports on the structure/mechanism, inhibitors, and vulnerability of each enzyme in the CoA pathway. In addition to traditional inhibition of a single enzyme, the CoA pathway offers an antimetabolite strategy as a promising alternative. In this review, we provide our assessment of what appear to be the best targets, and, thus, which CoA pathway enzymes present the best opportunities for antitubercular drug discovery moving forward.
journal_name
Front Cell Infect Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiologyauthors
Butman HS,Kotzé TJ,Dowd CS,Strauss Edoi
10.3389/fcimb.2020.605662subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-15 00:00:00pages
605662issn
2235-2988journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) Salmonella has a major concern worldwide. This study was designed to determine the AR profiles and serovars distribution of Salmonella enterica isolated from different breeds of breeder chickens in the province of Henan, China. For this, 2,139 dead embryo samples were coll...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00497
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a commonly used treatment for patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition, is associated with significant septic complications due in part to a loss of epithelial barrier function (EBF). While the underlying mechanisms of TPN-related epithelial changes are poorly understood, a mouse...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2013.00105
更新日期:2013-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Under unfavorable conditions such as host immune responses and environmental stresses, human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis may acquire the dormancy phenotype characterized by "non-culturability" and a substantial decrease of metabolic activity and global transcription rates. Here, we found that the transition of...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00272
更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to efficiently scavenge nutrients in the host is essential for the viability of any pathogen. All catabolic pathways must begin with the transport of substrate from the environment through the cytoplasmic membrane, a role executed by membrane transporters. Although several classes of cytoplasmic membrane t...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00033
更新日期:2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic respiratory pathogen of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). Some strains of B. cenocepacia are highly transmissible and resistant to almost all antibiotics. Approximately one-third of B. cenocepacia infected CF patients go on to develop fatal "cepacia syndrome." During t...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2011.00025
更新日期:2012-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Due to increased travel, climatic, and environmental changes, the incidence of tick-borne disease in both humans and animals is increasing throughout Europe. Therefore, extended surveillance tools are desirable. To accurately screen tick-borne pathogens (TBPs), a large scale epidemiological study was conducted on 7050...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00103
更新日期:2014-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella are common enteric bacterial pathogens that infect both humans and animals. Intestinal epithelial barrier, formed by a single layer of epithelial cells and apical junctional complex (AJC), plays a crucial role in host defense against enteric pathogens to prevent bacterial translocation. However, the underly...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.606541
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important aspect of many staphylococcal infections, most notably endocarditis, osteomyelitis and infections associated with indwelling medical devices. The major constituents of staphylococcal biofilms are polysaccharides, such as ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00038
更新日期:2012-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Ticks are vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. Nevertheless, the ecological and evolutionary interactions between ticks, hosts, and pathogens are largely unknown. Here, we integrated a framework to evaluate the associations of the tick Ixodes ricinus with its hosts and environmental niches...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00234
更新日期:2017-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort study was conducted to evaluate oral microbial diversity among toddlers aged 12-24 months, and to describe the dynamic processes of colonization, development, and stabilization of the oral microflora during tooth eruption using high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 20 healthy toddlers aged 12 mont...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00422
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The frequent emergence of azole-resistant strains has increasingly led azoles to fail in treating candidiasis. Combination with other drugs is a good option to effectively reduce or retard its incidence of resistance. Natural products are a promising synergist source to assist azoles in treating resistant candidiasis....
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00211
更新日期:2019-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii is an important human and animal pathogen that causes life-threatening toxoplasmosis. The host immune system produces interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to inhibit T. gondii proliferation. IFN-γ-inducible indole-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which mediates tryptophan degradation, has a major role in anti-T. gondii imm...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00140
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus mutans is an oral species closely associated with dental caries. As an early oral colonizer, S. mutans utilizes interspecies coaggregation to promote the colonization of subsequent species and affect polymicrobial pathogenesis. Previous studies have confirmed several adhering partner species of S. mutans...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00344
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Pet and EspC are toxins secreted by enteroaggregative (EAEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes, respectively. Both toxins are members of the Serine Protease Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) family. Pet and EspC are important virulence factors that produce cytotoxic an...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00334
更新日期:2019-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral malaria is a severe neuropathological complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. It results in high mortality and post-recovery neuro-cognitive disorders in children, even after appropriate treatment with effective anti-parasitic drugs. While the complete landscape of the pathogenesis of cerebral malari...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2015.00075
更新日期:2015-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group of small molecule non-encoding RNAs, are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that are implicated in many biological processes. In the current study, miR-217 from Eriocheir sinensis was selected for studying its roles during host-virus interaction. Overexpression or silenc...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00164
更新日期:2017-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of preventable blindness and the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection. Different strains are associated with ocular or urogenital infections, and a proposed mechanism that may explain this tissue tropism is the active tryptophan biosynthesis pathway encoded by...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00434
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Preservation of health from infectious diseases depends upon both mucosal and systemic immunity via the collaborative effort of innate and adaptive immune responses. The proficiency of host immunity stems from robust defense mechanisms--physical barriers and specialized immune cells--and a failure of these mechanisms ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2016.00041
更新日期:2016-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Transition metal ions are essential micronutrients for all living organisms. In mammals, these ions are often protein-bound and sequestered within cells, limiting their availability to microbes. Moreover, in response to infection, mammalian hosts further reduce the availability of metal nutrients by activating epithel...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00002
更新日期:2014-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::To gain insights into differences in the virulence among T. gondii strains at the post-translational level, we conducted a quantitative analysis of the phosphoproteome profile of T. gondii strains belonging to three different genotypes. Phosphopeptides from three strains, type I (RH strain), type II (PRU strain) and T...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00307
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::The black yeast Exophiala dermatitidis is a widespread polyextremophile and human pathogen, that is found in extreme natural habitats and man-made environments such as dishwashers. It can cause various diseases ranging from phaeohyphomycosis and systemic infections, with fatality rates reaching 40%. While the number o...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2016.00136
更新日期:2016-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Murid and cricetid rodents were previously believed to be the principal reservoir hosts of hantaviruses. Recently, however, multiple newfound hantaviruses have been discovered in shrews, moles, and bats, suggesting a complex evolutionary history. Little is known about the genetic diversity and geographic distribution ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00438
更新日期:2020-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Lung microbiome ecosystem homeostasis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains uncharacterized. The aims of this study were to identify unique microbial signatures of the lung microbiome and analyze microbial gene function in IPF patients. DNA isolated from BALF samples was obtained for high-throughput gene sequ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00149
更新日期:2019-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::The emerging relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia (B.) miyamotoi is transmitted by ixodid ticks and causes the so-called hard tick-borne relapsing fever or B. miyamotoi disease (BMD). More recently, we identified a surface-exposed molecule, CbiA exhibiting complement binding and inhibitory capacity and rendering spiroc...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00023
更新日期:2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of invasive disease in neonates worldwide. Monitoring data have revealed a continuing trend toward an increase in neonatal GBS infections, despite the introduction of preventive measures. We investigated this trend, by performing the first ever characterization of the proph...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00166
更新日期:2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Histoplasmosis is one of the most frequent systemic mycosis in HIV patients. In these patients, histoplasmosis has high rates of morbidity/mortality if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Despite its relevance, there is a paucity of information concerning the interaction between Histoplasma capsulatum and the human h...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.591121
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::The SaeRS two-component system plays important roles in regulation of key virulence factors and pathogenicity. In this study, however, we found that the deletion mutation of saeRS enhanced bacterial survival in human blood, whereas complementation of the mutant with SaeRS returned survival to wild-type levels. Moreove...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00204
更新日期:2017-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon (IFN)-sensitive and replication-incompetent influenza viruses are likely to be the alternatives to inactivated and attenuated virus vaccines. Some IFN-sensitive influenza vaccine candidates with modified non-structural protein 1 (NS1) are highly attenuated in IFN-competent hosts but induce robust antiviral ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00127
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occurrence of non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) species that are associated with elevated MIC values and therapeutic failures are increasing. As a result, timely and accurate means of identification to the species level is becoming an essential part of diagnostic practices in clinical settings. In this study, 301 cl...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00021
更新日期:2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Different species inhabit different sensory worlds and thus have evolved diverse means of processing information, learning and memory. In the escalated arms race with host defense, each pathogenic bacterium not only has evolved its individual cellular sensing and behavior, but also collective sensing, interbacterial c...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00008
更新日期:2014-01-31 00:00:00