[Fertility Preservation in Prepubertal und Pubertal Children and Adolescents].

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Due to rising survival rates in cancer and autoimmune diseases fertility preservation before gonadotoxic therapies has become increasingly important. Although fertility can be significantly affected by gonadotoxic therapies, the possibility of fertility preservation during childhood has not been sufficiently considered so far. METHODS:Selective literature research with presentation of fertility preservation methods, their indications, implementations, risks and efficacy. RESULTS:Measures are indicated in all girls and boys at high risk of gonadal damage. The complexity of the techniques requires special expertise in the counseling and implementation, which is offered to girls in counselling Germany especially in the centers of FertiPROTEKT (www.fertiprotekt.com). In girls, mainly cryopreservation of ovary tissue is considered. In postpubertal girls cryopreservation of oocytes is also possible. In postpubertal boys sperm can be preserved. Freezing of testicular tissue is still experimental in prepubertal boys. Success rates are still difficult to quantify; birth rates of about 50% are discussed. All procedures are not covered by health insurance. CONCLUSION:In children and adolescents, measures of fertility preservation should be considered in cases of highly gonadotoxic therapies, and appropriate advice should be given by specialists. HINTERGRUND:Fertilitätsprotektive Massnahmen vor gonadotoxischen Therapien spielen aufgrund steigender Überlebensraten bei Krebs- und Autoimmunerkrankungen im reproduktiven Alter eine zunehmende Rolle. Obwohl die Fertilität von Kindern und Jugendlichen durch gonadotoxische Therapien relevant eingeschränkt sein kann, wird die Möglichkeit fertilitätsprotektiver Massnahmen bisher zu wenig berücksichtigt. METHODEN:Selektive Literaturrecherche auf der Basis klinisch- wissenschaftlicher Erfahrung der Autoren und Darstellung der möglichen fertilitätsprotektiven Massnahmen inklusive deren Indikationen, Durchführung, Risiken und Wirksamkeit. ERGEBNISSE:Indiziert sind die Massnahmen bei allen Mädchen und Jungen mit einem hohen Risiko einer Gonadenschädigung. Die Komplexität der Techniken erfordert eine besondere Expertise in der Beratung und Durchführung, die in Deutschland für Mädchen insbesondere in den Zentren des Netzwerks FertiPROTEKT (www.fertiprotekt.com) gegeben ist. Bei Mädchen kommt überwiegend die Kryokonservierung von Ovargewebe in Betracht. Bei postpubertären Mädchen ist auch die Kryokonservierung von Oozyten potenziell möglich. Bei postpubertären Knaben können Spermien konserviert werden. Das Einfrieren von Hodengewebe gilt v. a. bei präpubertären Knaben derzeit als experimentell. Die Erfolgsraten sind noch schwer zu beziffern, diskutiert werden Geburtenraten von ca. 50%. Die Krankenkassen erstatten diese Massnahmen nicht. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG:Auch bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sollten bei stark gonadotoxischen Therapien fertilitätsprotektive Massnahmen erwogen werden und eine entsprechende Beratung durch geschulte Ärzte erfolgen.

journal_name

Klin Padiatr

journal_title

Klinische Padiatrie

authors

Sänger N,Jarisch A,Ochsendorf F,Klingebiel T,Liebenthron J,Kliesch S,von Wolff M

doi

10.1055/s-0044-100396

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-08 00:00:00

eissn

0300-8630

issn

1439-3824

pub_type

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