Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Funding for scientific advancement comes from two dominant sources: public funds used to generate knowledge, and private sector funds in the pursuit of commercial products. It is unclear how to compare the outputs of these two financial mechanisms because both sectors are motivated by common goods but are also governed by divergent forces. Employment within a geographic region may be a metric of mutual value that can be applied equally to assess the societal impacts of two financing sources. Areas covered: The authors focused on the medical device industry, which is a robust sector of growth for the U.S. economy. The U.S. NIH and venture capital community are representatives of public and private capital, respectively. Using a longitudinal employment dataset of 247 distinct locations, the authors found that NIH funding tends to create more jobs directly compared to venture capital funding. Moreover, the indirect effect of governmental funding is initially smaller than that of venture capital funding for the first two years, but eventually surpasses that of venture capital funding. Expert commentary: These findings imply that policy decisions regarding financial allocations in the medical device industry should consider the appropriate typology of financial capital and its consequences.
journal_name
Expert Rev Med Devicesjournal_title
Expert review of medical devicesauthors
Kang HD,Edelman ER,Ku DNdoi
10.1080/17434440.2018.1419866subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-02-01 00:00:00pages
91-98issue
2eissn
1743-4440issn
1745-2422journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Although implanted for over 40 years, finger prostheses have failed to match the success achieved by artificial hip and knee prostheses, despite a myriad of designs having been proposed and implanted. This article looks at the currently available designs of metacarpophalangeal prosthesis, both single-piece and multico...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.1.2.193
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic procedures. During the past decade, patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been commercially introduced in order to simplify and make TKA surgery more effective, precise and efficient than conventional mechanical instrumenta...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1627197
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) has recently emerged as a favorable candidate for nucleic acid (NA) delivery because of its good effectivity at low cost. Despite copious derivatives and formulations being explored over the years, there is a scarcity of efforts to systematically review the current status and unmet needs of re...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erd.10.83
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prosthetic heart valves are routinely used for replacing diseased natural heart valves. Even today, after five decades of prosthetic heart valve development, in the authors opinion the main problem associated with these valves is the risk of thromboembolic complications caused by unnatural hemodynamics. Further growin...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2.1.61
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Ovation stent-graft uncouples the steps of fixation and sealing via a pair of polymer-filled inflatable rings. Apart from the well-documented early results, newer data emerged for mid-term results of Ovation and are presented in this review. AREAS COVERED:Aim of this article was to report all current ...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1555467
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on the expanding role for biomaterials and polymer scaffolds in liver tissue engineering. Studies are subdivided into in vitro and in vivo approaches. The in vitro section of the review discusses the challenges specific to liver tissue engineering, and how the choice of scaffold and its structure i...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.3.1.21
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Saline is not biocompatible with saphenous vein grafts and does not protect against ischemia reperfusion injury. We compared normal heparinized saline with DuraGraft, a new graft-storage solution, in in-vitro and ex-vivo assays to evaluate the effects on cells and vascular graft tissue.Methods: Human saphe...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1682996
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-eluting stents are a major breakthrough in cardiology, with the Cypher (Cordis Corporation) and Taxus (Boston Scientific) stents preventing 60-70% of repeat coronary revascularizations, compared with bare metal stents. Both evidence- and risk-based application of drug-eluting stents is expected to create relevant...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.1.1.49
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methotrexate (MTX) is the cornerstone of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and is widely used both as first-line therapy and as an important component of long-term therapy. Although subcutaneous MTX is typically delivered orally, parenteral administration offers benefits with respect to tolerability and systemi...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2014.929492
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the utility of a new arterial pressure-based cardiac output (FloTrac) and central venous oximetry (PreSep) monitoring system in the perioperative management of patients undergoing radical esophagectomy. CASE SERIES:From May 2006, a new analyzing device (Vigileo monitor; Edwards Lifesciences LLC, To...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17434440.5.3.311
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to conventional treatment modalities (mechanical and chemical), the use of lasers has been increasingly proposed for the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant infections (i.e., cleaning and detoxification of implant surfaces). Preliminary results from basic studies have pointed to the high potential of...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2.3.267
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last decade, the use of electrosurgical devices has become commonplace across all surgical specialities. The current market is large enough to warrant a comparative review of each device. This has even more impetus given the budgetary constraints of NHS organisations. This review aims to compare the benefits ...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17434440.2016.1134312
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MRI is the gold standard diagnostic tool for soft tissue imaging for many specialties. An impressive body of research has proven the effectiveness of cardiac rhythm management devices (CRMDs) objectively, in terms of parameters that include patient's quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. However, interaction betw...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2014.882228
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Currently, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) represents a valuable treatment option for patients presenting with severe cardiogenic shock. Although the overall usage of VA ECMO in experienced centers is expanding, some management aspects remain challenging, with no consensus among...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1614439
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Monitoring a patient's vital signs forms a basic component of care, enabling the identification of deteriorating patients and increasing the likelihood of improving patient outcomes. Several paper-based track and trigger warning scores have been developed to allow clinical evaluation of a patient and guida...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1563480
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are noninvasive neuromodulation techniques used as therapeutic and research tools for several neuropsychiatric conditions. Given the exponential scientific growth of this field, we aimed to systematical...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2019.1615440
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation has emerged rapidly as an effective therapy for movement disorders. Deep brain stimulation includes an implanted brain electrode and a pacemaker-like implanted pulse generator. The clinical application of deep brain stimulation proceeded in the absence of clear understandings of its mechanisms o...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2.4.409
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a widely used intervention in patients who are at high risk or contraindicated for cardiac surgery. The procedure is technically feasible in most patients and has very good mid-term clinical outcomes. In this special report, we evaluated the long-term outcome after TAV...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17434440.2015.1063994
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Stent-assisted coiling (SAC) has widened indications of endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms (wide-neck, fusiform aneurysms); moreover, it is associated with more stable anatomical results. Besides the development of other techniques such as flow diverter stents, bifurcation stents, or intrasac...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2018.1538779
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Devices for support of patients with liver failure are of two types: bioartificial livers and artificial livers. Bioartificial livers include hepatocytes in bioreactors to provide both excretory and synthetic liver functions. Artificial livers use nonliving components to remove toxins of liver failure, supply nutrient...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.4.6.839
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver biology, liver disease and its management present a myriad of challenges to clinicians. Difficulties arise in determining liver functional capacity, which must be effectively measured in a quantitative reproducible manner. Measurement of indocyanine green (ICG) clearance, an exceptional tool that has been used f...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1586/17434440.2016.1126178
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) affects both the fine motor control of the fingers and gross movement of the upper limb. Handwriting examinations are commonly performed in the analysis of tremor in PD and there is validity in subjective assessment in the clinic. However, there is clinical need for a more...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2014.900437
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula therapy (HHHFNCT) is emerging as a popular non-invasive mode of respiratory support in adults and children. In recent years, its use has extended beyond the intensive care unit to other clinical areas. This review aims to explore the mechanism of action, indication...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2018.1548276
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transmyocardial revascularization, using the US FDA-approved holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser system, is a surgical option for patients with debilitating angina caused by diffuse coronary artery disease in areas of the heart not amenable to complete revascularization using conventional treatments. Incre...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17434440.3.2.137
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number and the types of electromagnetic emitters to which patients with active implantable medical devices (AIMD) are exposed to in their daily activities have proliferated over the last decade. Radiofrequency identification (RFID) is an example of wireless technology applied in many fields. The interaction betwee...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erd.12.5
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The present review aims to provide an overview of the most common uses of wearable inertial sensors in the field of clinical human movement analysis. AREAS COVERED:Six main areas of application are analysed: gait analysis, stabilometry, instrumented clinical tests, upper body mobility assessment, daily-li...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2016.1198694
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discrepancy between the number of patients on the waiting list and available donor hearts has led to the successful development of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) as a bridge to transplantation. The conventional LVADs are designed to provide full hemodynamic support for the end-stage failing heart. However,...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2015.985208
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are leadless subcutaneous devices that continuously monitor the heart rhythm and record events over a timeframe measured in years, allowing for the diagnosis of infrequent rhythm abnormalities that can be the cause of palpitations, syncope and stroke. To date, ICMs have primarily bee...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17434440.2014.953059
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional ultrasonography represents the first diagnostic imaging modality for the study of pancreatic tumors. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has significantly improved the accuracy of first-line examination and may influence the choice of second-line investigations: multidetector computed tomography is considered th...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erd.09.67
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Potential complications associated with screw malposition may result in neurological deficits or vascular injuries. Spine surgery has significantly developed under the assistance of technological progress. The advantages of applying robotic technology in spine surgery include the possibility of improving...
journal_title:Expert review of medical devices
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17434440.2020.1699405
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00