Molecular basis of tactile specialization in the duck bill.

abstract：:The cerebral cortex of mammals differentiates into functionally distinct areas that exhibit unique cytoarchitecture, connectivity, and molecular characteristics. Molecular specification of cells fated for limbic cortical areas, based on the expression of the limbic system-associated membrane protein (LAMP), occurs dur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbe MF,Levitt P

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This work describes a multifunctional phage lambda expression vector system, lambda YES, designed to facilitate gene isolation from eukaryotes by complementation of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutations. lambda YES vectors have a selection for cDNA inserts using an oligo adaptor strategy and are capa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elledge SJ,Mulligan JT,Ramer SW,Spottswood M,Davis RW

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies to chromatin proteins of Novikoff hepatoma cells formed precipitin bands in the double-diffusion immunoprecipitation assay with chromatin proteins of Novikoff hepatoma, Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, and 18-day fetal rat liver. The antigen used for preparation of antiserum was the chromatin proteins initially e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yeoman LC,Jordan JJ,Busch RK,Taylor CW,Savage HE,Busch H

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied regional cerebral blood flow using the H2(15)O method while normal subjects performed four similar tasks involving three-letter word beginnings (stems). Prior to each task, subjects studied a list of words. Local blood flow was then monitored during a 40-sec period while subjects (i) silently viewed word st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Squire LR,Ojemann JG,Miezin FM,Petersen SE,Videen TO,Raichle ME

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enolase genes from land plants and apicomplexa (intracellular parasites, including the malarial parasite, Plasmodium) share two short insertions. This observation has led to the suggestion that the apicomplexan enolase is the product of a lateral transfer event involving the algal endosymbiont from which the apicomple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keeling PJ,Palmer JD

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used DNase I as a probe to examine the chromatin structure of mouse immunoglobulin kappa light chain genes in rearranged and unrearranged chromosomes--i.e., in nuclei from myeloma cells and from brain and liver cells. Tissue-specific DNase I-hypersensitive sites are observed 0.7 and 1.7 kilobases upstream from...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chung SY,Folsom V,Wooley J

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi-NT are systemically injected into animals, they germinate exclusively within the hypoxic regions of cancers. The germinated bacteria destroy adjacent tumor cells but spare a rim of well oxygenated tumor cells that subsequently expand. Surprisingly, we found that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agrawal N,Bettegowda C,Cheong I,Geschwind JF,Drake CG,Hipkiss EL,Tatsumi M,Dang LH,Diaz LA Jr,Pomper M,Abusedera M,Wahl RL,Kinzler KW,Zhou S,Huso DL,Vogelstein B

更新日期：2004-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence implicates dysregulation of metabotropic glutamatergic receptor 5 (mGluR5) in pathophysiology of PTSD and suicidality. Using positron emission tomography and [18F]FPEB, we quantified mGluR5 availability in vivo in individuals with PTSD (n = 29) and MDD (n = 29) as a function of suicidal ideation (SI) t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis MT,Hillmer A,Holmes SE,Pietrzak RH,DellaGioia N,Nabulsi N,Matuskey D,Angarita GA,Carson RE,Krystal JH,Esterlis I

更新日期：2019-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Variable regions of Ig chains provide the antigen recognition portion of B-cell receptors and derivative antibodies. Ig heavy-chain variable region exons are assembled developmentally from V, D, J gene segments. Each variable region contains three antigen-contacting complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), with CDR...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hwang JK,Wang C,Du Z,Meyers RM,Kepler TB,Neuberg D,Kwong PD,Mascola JR,Joyce MG,Bonsignori M,Haynes BF,Yeap LS,Alt FW

更新日期：2017-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat brain and adrenal gland were analyzed by hybridization histochemistry using an RNA probe complementary to mRNA for tyrosine 3-hydroxylase (TyrOHase; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, EC 1.14.16.2), by immunohistochemistry using TyrOHase antiserum, and by retrograde tracing using the fluorescent compound Fast blue. Cell bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schalling M,Hökfelt T,Wallace B,Goldstein M,Filer D,Yamin C,Schlesinger DH

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factors are key regulators of growth, metabolism, life span, and stress resistance. FoxOs integrate signals from different pathways and guide the cellular response to varying energy and stress conditions. FoxOs are modulated by several signaling pathways, e.g., the insulin-TOR...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mattila J,Kallijärvi J,Puig O

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein S (ProS) and growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) bind to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and induce efferocytosis upon binding TAM-family receptors (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer). Here, we produced mouse ProS, Gas6, and TAM-receptor extracellular region fused to IgG fragment crystallizable region in HEK293T cells. ProS and Gas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yanagihashi Y,Segawa K,Maeda R,Nabeshima YI,Nagata S

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:When human genome was fractionated by thermal elution chromatography, repetitious DNA was found in every arbitrary temperature segment. When these repetitious DNA families were used for in situ hybridization, the following conclusions were evident: (a) Unlike the case of mouse, where essentially all centromeric hetero...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu TC,Arrighi FE,Saunders GF

更新日期：1972-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA damage leads to a halt in proliferation owing to apoptosis or senescence, which prevents transmission of DNA alterations. This cellular response depends on the tumor suppressor p53 and functions as a powerful barrier to tumor development. Adult stem cells are resistant to DNA damage-induced apoptosis or senescence...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Insinga A,Cicalese A,Faretta M,Gallo B,Albano L,Ronzoni S,Furia L,Viale A,Pelicci PG

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic elements, although required only in trace amounts, permit life and primary productivity because of their functions in catalysis. Every organism has a minimal requirement of each metal based on the intracellular abundance of proteins that use inorganic cofactors, but elemental sparing mechanisms can reduce th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kropat J,Gallaher SD,Urzica EI,Nakamoto SS,Strenkert D,Tottey S,Mason AZ,Merchant SS

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Smad proteins are key intracellular signaling effectors for the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of peptide growth factors. Following receptor-induced activation, Smads move into the nucleus to activate transcription of a select set of target genes. The activity of Smad proteins must be tightly regulated to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Y,Chang C,Gehling DJ,Hemmati-Brivanlou A,Derynck R

更新日期：2001-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A Ca2+-channel blocker derived from funnel-web spider toxin (FTX) has made it possible to define and study the ionic channels responsible for the Ca2+ conductance in mammalian Purkinje cell neurons and the preterminal in squid giant synapse. In cerebellar slices, FTX blocked Ca2+-dependent spikes in Purkinje cells, re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Llinás R,Sugimori M,Lin JW,Cherksey B

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A diverse range of neural cell types is generated from a pool of dividing stem and progenitor cells in an orderly manner during development. Little is known of the molecular and cellular biology underpinning the intrinsic control of this process. We have used a nonbiased method to purify populations of neural progenit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Livesey FJ,Young TL,Cepko CL

更新日期：2004-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The aspartate receptor involved in chemotaxis is modified by methyl esterification at four distinct glutamate residues during the adaptive response of this receptor. To explain the high degree of specificity of this modification, it has been proposed that the methyltransferase recognizes the sequence Glu-Glu-Xaa-Xaa-A...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Terwilliger TC,Wang JY,Koshland DE Jr

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino acid sequence of rabbit skeletal muscle heat-stable inhibitor of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase has been determined by microsequencing techniques. Proof of the structure involved a series of nonoverlapping tryptic fragments for primary identification of 86% of the amino acids. Complementary fragments gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scott JD,Fischer EH,Takio K,Demaille JG,Krebs EG

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the complete primary structure of human hemopexin, a plasma beta-glycoprotein that specifically binds one heme with high affinity and transports it to hepatocytes for salvage of the iron. Human hemopexin (Mr approximately equal to 63,000) consists of a single polypeptide chain containing 439 amino a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi N,Takahashi Y,Putnam FW

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi of the recently defined order Sebacinales (Basidiomycota) are involved in a wide spectrum of mutualistic symbioses (including mycorrhizae) with various plants, thereby exhibiting a unique potential for biocontrol strategies. The axenically cultivable root endophyte Piriformospora indica is a model organism of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deshmukh S,Hückelhoven R,Schäfer P,Imani J,Sharma M,Weiss M,Waller F,Kogel KH

更新日期：2006-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitotoxicity, resulting from sustained activation of glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) subtype, is considered to play a causative role in the etiology of ischemic stroke and several neurodegenerative diseases. The NMDA receptor is therefore a target for the development of neuroprotective agents....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tai KK,Blondelle SE,Ostresh JM,Houghten RA,Montal M

更新日期：2001-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss the generic time behavior of reaction-diffusion processes capable of modeling various types of biological transport processes, such as ligand migration in proteins and gating fluctuations in ion channel proteins. The main observable in these two cases, the fraction of unbound ligands and the probability of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nadler W,Stein DL

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The guanidinium group of arginine-166 has been postulated to act as an electrophilic species during phosphorylation of alkaline phosphatase. Its role could be either to stabilize the developing negative charge on the oxygen of the leaving group or the pentacoordinate transition state or to help bind the -PO2-3 group. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Butler-Ransohoff JE,Kendall DA,Kaiser ET

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A genomic clone containing two linked human pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (PS beta G) genes has been isolated and characterized. The two genes are arranged in the same 5'----3' orientation; the 3' region (including the A2 and B-C exons) of the upstream gene, PSGGA, is linked to the 5' region (including the 5'...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leslie KK,Watanabe S,Lei KJ,Chou DY,Plouzek CA,Deng HC,Torres J,Chou JY

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used wild-type and variants of the T-lymphoma cell line S49 to explore internalization and down-regulation of adenylate cyclase-linked beta-adrenergic receptors. Internalization was defined by the loss in "surface receptors" detected at 4 degrees C on intact cells by the antagonists [3H]CGP-12177 or [125I]iodo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mahan LC,Koachman AM,Insel PA

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deadly neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX) is found in a variety of animal phyla and, because of its toxicity, is most often assumed to deter predation. On the tropical Pacific island of Guam, we found an undescribed flatworm (planocerid sp. 1) that contains high levels of TTX and its analogs. Through ecological experim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ritson-Williams R,Yotsu-Yamashita M,Paul VJ

更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports have shown that γδ T cells are important for the elimination of malaria parasites in humans and mice. However, how γδ T cells are involved in protective immunity against blood-stage malaria remains unknown. We infected γδ T-cell-deficient (TCRδ-KO) mice and control wild-type mice with Plasmodium bergh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue S,Niikura M,Takeo S,Mineo S,Kawakami Y,Uchida A,Kamiya S,Kobayashi F

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA replication is a core biological process that occurs in prokaryotic cells at high speeds (∼1 nucleotide residue added per millisecond) and with high fidelity (fewer than one misincorporation event per 107 nucleotide additions). The ssDNA binding protein [gene product 32 (gp32)] of the T4 bacteriophage is a central...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Phelps C,Israels B,Jose D,Marsh MC,von Hippel PH,Marcus AH

更新日期：2017-05-02 00:00:00