Abstract:
:Interleukin-36 (IL-36) represents three cytokines, IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ, which bind to the same receptor, IL-1RL2; however, their physiological function(s) remain poorly understood. Here, the role of IL-36 in immunity against HSV-1 was examined using the flank skin infection mouse model. Expression analyses revealed increased levels of IL-36α and IL-36β mRNA in infected skin, while constitutive IL-36γ levels remained largely unchanged. In human keratinocytes, IL-36α mRNA was induced by HSV-1, while IL-1β and TNFα increased all three IL-36 mRNAs. The dominant alternative splice variant of human IL-36β mRNA was isoform 2, which is the ortholog of the known mouse IL-36β mRNA. Mice deficient in IL-36β, but not IL-36α or IL-36γ, succumbed more frequently to HSV-1 infection than wild type mice. Furthermore, IL-36β-/- mice developed larger zosteriform skin lesions along infected neurons. Levels of HSV-1 specific antibodies, CD8+ cells and IFNγ-producing CD4+ cells were statistically equal in wild type and IL-36β-/- mice, suggesting similar initiation of adaptive immunity in the two strains. This correlated with the time at which HSV-1 genome and mRNA levels in primary skin lesions started to decline in both wild type and IL-36β-/- mice. Our data indicate that IL-36β has previously unrecognized functions protective against HSV-1 infection.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Milora KA,Uppalapati SR,Sanmiguel JC,Zou W,Jensen LEdoi
10.1038/s41598-017-05363-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-19 00:00:00pages
5799issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-017-05363-4journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Rabi splitting and Fano resonance are well-known physical phenomena in conventional quantum systems as atoms and quantum dots, arising from strong interaction between two quantum states. In recent years similar features have been observed in various nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic systems. Yet, realization of strong in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08221-5
更新日期:2017-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin is used to treat type 2 diabetes. Metformin activates AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), which may contribute to the action of metformin. Metformin also shows anti-proliferation activity. However, the mechanism is remained unknown. We found that treatment of MCF-7 cells with metformin induced the demethylase activ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55075-0
更新日期:2019-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) represent the major group of protein phosphatases in plants and play important roles in various plant processes. In this study, 94 MtPP2C genes were identified from Medicago truncatula and further phylogenetically classified into 13 subfamilies, as supported by exon-intron organiz...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29627-9
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::The association of fasting glucose with the risk of death according to sex and age remains unclear, and insufficient information is available on sex- and age-specific glucose concentrations within ethnic groups. This study analyzed a sample of 12,455,361 Korean adults who participated in health examinations during 200...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08498-6
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Backward wave with anti-parallel phase and group velocities is one of the basic properties associated with negative refraction and sub-diffraction image that have attracted considerable interest in the context of photonic metamaterials. It has been predicted theoretically that some plasmonic structures can also suppor...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20448
更新日期:2016-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, immune-mediated, hyperproliferative inflammatory skin disease. The role of the adaptive immune system, particularly of Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes, has been regarded as prominent in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, as well as decreased Tregs function. Immunobiological drugs were adm...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43899-9
更新日期:2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggest that the glucose-lowering drug metformin exerts a valuable anti-senescence role. The ability of metformin to affect the biogenesis of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) was recently suggested. MicroRNA isoforms (isomiRs) are distinct variations of miRNA sequences, harboring addition or deletion of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78871-5
更新日期:2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::A new electrically small antenna with size ka = 0.415 is presented, fabricated and measured in this work. This is intrinsically matched to 50 Ω, has omni-directional and linear-polarized radiation pattern in the horizontal plane with maximum directivity of 1.75 dBi and simulated radiation efficiency of 93%. The antenn...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33388-w
更新日期:2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon nanotubes exhibit mechanical properties ideally suited for reinforced structural composites and surface area and conductivity attractive for electrochemical capacitors. Here we demonstrate the multifunctional synergy between these properties in a composite material exhibiting simultaneous mechanical and energy ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34963-x
更新日期:2018-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Silica columns from PCR purification and gel extraction kits are widely used in laboratories worldwide to assist in gene cloning. However, the use of these columns can generate plastic waste that has an environmental impact due to their one-off design and massive consumption. Thus, it is important to develop a novel m...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30316-w
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies on ungulate reproduction have focused on the covariates of male reproductive success, while there is much less information on female tactics of mate choice. The aim of this work is to fill this gap and to assess condition-dependent variations in female tactics in a lekking fallow deer (Dama dama) populati...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58681-5
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pesticides are commonly used in food crop production systems to control crop pests and diseases and ensure maximum yield with high market value. However, the accumulation of these chemical inputs in crop fields increases risks to biodiversity and human health. In addition, people are increasingly seeking foods in whic...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46688-6
更新日期:2019-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral flow strip tests are a cost-effective method for detecting specific proteins in biological samples, which can be performed in the field without specialized expertise. While most recognizable in the pregnancy tests, there are many other applications for lateral flow strip technology. The pest control industry h...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70200-0
更新日期:2020-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The dependences of spreading and differentiation of stem cells plated on hydrogel and silicone gel substrates on the rigidity and porosity of the substrates have recently been a subject of some controversy. In experiments on human mesenchymal stem cells plated on soft, medium rigidity, and hard silicone gels we show t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33411
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::BiFeO3 is one of the most promising multiferroic materials but undergoes two major drawbacks: low dielectric susceptibility and high dielectric loss. Here we report high in-plane dielectric permittivity (ε' ∼2500) and low dielectric loss (tan δ < 0.01) obtained on Bi0.95Y0.05FeO3 films epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (001...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep25535
更新日期:2016-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful new tool for genome editing, but this technique creates mosaic mutations that affect the efficiency and precision of its ability to edit the genome. Reducing mosaic mutations is particularly important for gene therapy and precision genome editing. Although the mechanisms underlying the CRSIPR...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep42081
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Heme catabolism exerts physiological functions that impact health through depressing inflammation. Upon reactive pathway progression, as in Gilbert's Syndrome (GS; UGT1A1*28 polymorphism), aggravated health effects have been determined. Based on lower inflammation and improved metabolic health reported for GS, inter-g...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00933-y
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::A novel type of sub-lattice of the Jahn-Teller (JT) centers was arranged in Ti-doped barium hexaferrite BaFe12O19. In the un-doped crystal all iron ions, sitting in five different crystallographic positions, are Fe3+ in the high-spin configuration (S = 5/2) and have a non-degenerate ground state. We show that the elec...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63915-7
更新日期:2020-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Previous genetic studies have revealed that a pollen-specific calmodulin-binding protein, No Pollen Germination 1 (NPG1), is required for pollen germination. However, its mode of action is unknown. Here we report direct interaction of NPG1 with pectate lyase-like proteins (PLLs). A truncated form of AtNPG1 lacking the...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05263
更新日期:2014-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Electrospinning can be used to mimic the architecture of an acellular nerve graft, combining microfibers for guidance, and pores for cellular infiltration. We made electrospun nerve guides, from polycaprolactone (PCL) or poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), with aligned fibers along the insides of the channels and random fibers...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34699-8
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cold atomic gases are perfect laboratories for realization of quantum simulators. In order to simulate solid state systems in the presence of magnetic fields special effort has to be made because atoms are charge neutral. There are different methods for realization of artificial magnetic fields, that is the creation o...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07672
更新日期:2015-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The RIβ subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), encoded by Prkar1b, is a neuronal isoform of the type I regulatory subunit of PKA. Mice lacking the RIβ subunit exhibit normal long-term potentiation (LTP) in the Schaffer collateral pathway of the hippocampus and normal behavior in the open-field and fear condit...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81515-x
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Knockdown and mortality of adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, were assessed after exposure to two contact insecticides, chlorfenapyr and cyfluthrin, on a concrete surface. Individuals were rated on a scale for knockdown of ex...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78982-z
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Composite materials have become widely used in engineering applications, in order to reduce the overall weight of structures while retaining their required strength. In this work, a composite material consisting of discontinuous glass fibers in a polypropylene matrix is studied at the microstructural level through cou...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60368-w
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological, biochemical and functional differences between oxidative and glycolytic muscles play important roles in human metabolic health and in animal meat quality. To explore these differences, we determined the genome-wide landscape of DNA methylomes and their relationship with the mRNA and miRNA transcript...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep32186
更新日期:2016-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Ocean acidification is predicted to have detrimental effects on many marine organisms and ecological processes. Despite growing evidence for direct impacts on specific species, few studies have simultaneously considered the effects of ocean acidification on individuals (e.g. consequences for energy budgets and resourc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20194
更新日期:2016-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74319-y
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Moyamoya disease is an idiopathic human cerebrovascular disorder that is characterized by progressive stenosis and abnormal collateral vessels. We recently identified mysterin/RNF213 as its first susceptibility gene, which encodes a 591-kDa protein containing enzymatically active P-loop ATPase and ubiquitin ligase dom...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep04442
更新日期:2014-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::The use of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) has been recommended for patients with 4 or more positive lymph nodes, however, its role in patients with 1-3 positive lymph nodes remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate oncological outcomes for breast cancer patients with T1-2 tumors and 1-3 positi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66495-8
更新日期:2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::The endogenous circadian clock drives oscillations that are completely synchronized with the environmental day-night rhythms with a period of approximately 24 hours. Temporal misalignment between one's internal circadian clock and the external solar time often occurs in shift workers and long-distance travelers; such ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep46702
更新日期:2017-04-26 00:00:00