Abstract：
:Thyroid hormones (THs) are crucial for brain development and maturation in all vertebrates. Especially during pre- and perinatal development, disruption of TH signaling leads to a multitude of neurological deficits. Many animal models provided insight in the role of THs in brain development, but specific data on how they affect the brain's ability to learn and adapt depending on environmental stimuli are rather limited. In this review, we focus on a number of learning processes like spatial learning, fear conditioning, vocal learning and imprinting behavior and on how abnormal TH signaling during development shapes subsequent performance. It is clear from multiple studies that TH deprivation leads to defects in learning on all fronts, and interestingly, changes in local expression of the TH activator deiodinase type 2 seem to have an important role. Taking into account that THs are regulated in a very space-specific manner, there is thus increasing pressure to investigate more local TH regulators as potential factors involved in neuroplasticity. As these learning processes are also important for proper adult human functioning, further elucidating the role of THs in developmental neuroplasticity in various animal models is an important field for advancing both fundamental and applied knowledge on human brain function.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Raymaekers SR,Darras VMdoi
10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.04.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-01 00:00:00pages
26-33eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840pii
S0016-6480(17)30016-3journal_volume
247pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In teleosts, lungfish, amphibians, and a reptile, Amphibolurus nuchalis, hormonal stimulation of hepatic glycogenolysis is mediated by a rise in intracellular cyclic AMP concentration. In mammals, by contrast, the inositol trisphosphate/Ca2+/diacylglycerol signal transduction pathways are also involved. The present st...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(92)90200-4
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification of orthologs of vertebrate neuropeptides and hypothalamic hormones in the neural complex of ascidians suggests integral roles of the ascidian neural complex in the endocrine system. In the present study, we investigated endocrine-related genes expressed in the neural complex of Ciona intestinalis. Compr...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.08.010
更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the regulation of thyroid activity in adult rough-skinned newts, Taricha granulosa. Aquatic, breeding-condition newts were hypophysectomized and were injected for 23 days with the mammalian adenohypophysial hormones: ACTH, PRL, and GH. During a fourth week of treatment, these newts also received TS...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90385-5
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraperitoneal injection of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) with 0.4 microgram/g of human growth hormone (hGH) increased plasma levels of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) and Vmax of the hepatic microsomal 5'-monodeiodinase enzyme (5'D) that converts thyroxine (T4) to T3, with no effect on Km or plasma T4 levels. A do...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90002-4
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth hormone (GH) regulates essential physiological functions in teleost fishes, including growth, metabolism, and osmoregulation. Recent studies have identified two clades of putative receptors for GH (GHR1 clade and GHR2 clade) in fishes, both of which are highly expressed in the liver. Moreover, the liver is an i...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.07.010
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of fasting on the growth hormone (GH)--growth hormone receptor (GHR)-insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis were characterized in seawater-acclimated tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fasting for 4 weeks resulted in significant reductions in body weight and specific growth rate. Plasma GH and pituitary GH ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.04.007
更新日期：2006-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Development patterns in birds range from precocial species, which hatch chicks largely capable of independent existence, to altricial species, chicks of which are highly dependent on their parents for extended periods. Previous work indicates precocial chicks have a robust corticosterone response from hatching whereas...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.02.007
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin (5-HT) is well known for modulating the release of GnRH and gonadotropin in teleosts. Reports on increased female:male ratio after the blockade of 5-HT biosynthesis proposed a role for 5-HT in brain sex differentiation. Two types of tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph), rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of 5-...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.11.009
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth hormone (GH) cells were investigated with the protein A-gold technique on the pituitary glands of tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus) and amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus). By the use of specific antiserum against tilapia GH to both species, the immunoreactive gold particles were demonstrated to be preferenti...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90429-0
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute pancreatic hormonal responses to oral glucose loads were investigated in garden warblers during the prolonged fast that follows their autumnal migratory fattening. Plasma glucose, free fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, insulin (INS), and glucagon (GLN) were measured prior to and 10 min after an oral glucose loa...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1999.7295
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was detected in the brains of passerine birds, a recently evolved and diverse avian group. The molecular forms of GnRH in two species of birds under breeding conditions were deduced using methods of HPLC and immunology. The brain extracts of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) conta...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(88)90024-x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism reduced the thymus weights of young chickens. Thyroid weights were greater in thiouracil-fed (TF) chicks, and the circulating levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine were lower. Thiouracil treatment resulted in higher relative adrenal weights and serum corticosterone concentrations. ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(87)90157-2
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite its occurrence in most vertebrate species, the function of the hypophysial pars tuberalis (PT) remains obscure. Recent immunocytochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of hormone-containing cells in the few species studied. In the present study the secretory cell composition of the PT was characterize...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(84)90043-1
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an important freshwater fish species in China. In particular, an all-male population has been commercially produced for the males grow faster than females. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism of body size and sex differentiation are still unclear i...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.04.015
更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The steroid hormone 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is one of the most physiologically important androgens in male vertebrates, with the exception of teleost fish, in which it is generally assumed that DHT does not play any major physiological role. However, this assumption is challenged by the fact that all the componen...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.06.017
更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroxine (T(4)) and triiodothyronine (T(3)), the principal thyroid hormones (THs) secreted from the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, produce a plethora of physiologic actions in fish. The diverse actions of THs in fishes are primarily due to the sensitivity of thyroid axis to many physical, chemical and bio...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.02.023
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using morpholino antisense oligonucleotide (MO) technology, we blocked leptin A or leptin receptor expression in embryonic zebrafish, and analyzed consequences of leptin A knock-down on fish development. Embryos injected with leptin A or leptin receptor MOs (leptin A or leptin receptor morphants) had smaller bodies an...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.07.011
更新日期：2012-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholesterol transport across the mitochondrial membrane is rate-limiting for steroidogenesis in vertebrates. Previous studies in fish have characterized expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, however the function and regulation of other genes and proteins involved in piscine cholesterol transport ha...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.04.027
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The venoms of cone snails (genus Conus) are remarkably complex, consisting of hundreds of typically short, disulfide-rich peptides termed conotoxins. These peptides have diverse pharmacological targets, with injection of venom eliciting a range of physiological responses, including sedation, paralysis and sensory over...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.07.012
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two types of somatostatin (SST 14)-immunoreactive cells are identified by immunogold staining in the Lowicryl-embedded principal islet of Sparus auratus: D1 cells, having large moderate to low electron dense granules, located between A cells in the islet periphery and D2 cells, containing smaller electron-dense granul...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90199-v
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Avian reproduction entails complex endocrine interactions at the hypothalamic and ovarian levels. The initiation of the reproductive season is due to the reduction in melatonin and GnIH production as day length increases. The decline in GnIH permits GnRH and gonadotropin secretion starting follicle growth. Follicular ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.040
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The golden rabbitfish Siganus guttatus is a reef fish with a restricted lunar-synchronized spawning rhythmicity and releases gametes simultaneously around the first quarter moon period during the spawning season. In order to understand the molecular aspects of the "circa" rhythms in this species, the full-length melat...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.08.011
更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH) constitute a family of neuropeptides which are important regulators of reproduction in vertebrates. The effect of mammalian GnRH (mGnRH), salmon GnRH, chicken GnRH-I, chicken GnRH-II, and lamprey GnRH-I on [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA of dissociated gonadal cells of marin...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1998.7186
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How nestling birds respond to stressful situations may constitute an important survival component that has lasting developmental effects on the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. As birds are exposed to increasing amounts of potential anthropogenic stressors through land use change, understanding how these fac...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.05.010
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the rhythmic secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland is driven by the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The robust nightly peak of melatonin secretion is an output signal of the circadian clock and is supposed to deliver the circadian message to the whole of the...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.013
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution and identity of the various endocrine cell types were examined in the pancreas, stomach, and anterior intestine of the phylogenetically ancient actinopterygian, the gar (Lepisosteus osseus L.), using immunohistochemistry. Antisera used were directed against several insulins (INSs) and somatostatins (S...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1996.6842
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Somatostatin receptors (sst) mediate the numerous physiological actions (e.g., aspects of growth, development, and metabolism) of the somatostatin family of peptides. In this study, we used rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to establish the pattern of sst subtype 1A, 1B, and 2 mRNA expression in selected tissues (op...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.09.008
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed at investigating the role of sexual steroids in the regulation of the expression of the single aromatase gene and steroid receptor subtypes in the brain-pituitary-ovarian axis of the Japanese eel. Unlike other teleosts, which possess duplicated genes for aromatase, cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b, expressed in ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.005
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) is a common precursor of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), melanophore-stimulating hormone (MSH), and endorphin (END). In pituitary gland, POMC receives posttranslational processing by which different peptides are generated in the pars distalis (PD) and pars intermedia (PI). Recently, we c...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.09.005
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The titer of juvenile hormone (JH), which has wide ranging physiological effects in insects, is regulated in part by JH esterase (JHE). We show that overexpression in Drosophila melanogaster of the JHE binding protein, DmP29 results in a series of apparent anti-JH effects. We hypothesize that DmP29 functions in transp...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.01.006
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
