Electron transfer pathways in a multiheme cytochrome MtrF.

abstract：:RNAs 1 and 2 of the tripartite cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) genome are sufficient for RNA replication in protoplasts, whereas systemic infection of cowpea plants additionally requires RNA3, which encodes the 3a noncapsid protein and coat protein. By using biologically active CCMV cDNA clones, we find that dele...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Allison R,Thompson C,Ahlquist P

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In organisms from insects to vertebrates, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are primary pathogen detectors that activate downstream pathways, specifically those that direct expression of innate immune effector genes. TLRs also have roles in development in many species. The sea anemone Nematostella vectensis is a useful cnida...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brennan JJ,Messerschmidt JL,Williams LM,Matthews BJ,Reynoso M,Gilmore TD

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (MSTN) are closely related transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family members, but their biological functions are quite distinct. While MSTN has been widely shown to inhibit muscle growth, GDF11 regulates skeletal patterning and organ development during embry...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suh J,Kim NK,Lee SH,Eom JH,Lee Y,Park JC,Woo KM,Baek JH,Kim JE,Ryoo HM,Lee SJ,Lee YS

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A key feature of immune evasion for African trypanosomes is the functional specialization of their surface membrane in an invagination known as the flagellar pocket (FP), the cell's sole site of endocytosis and exocytosis. The FP membrane is biochemically distinct yet continuous with those of the cell body and the fla...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gadelha C,Rothery S,Morphew M,McIntosh JR,Severs NJ,Gull K

更新日期：2009-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebral organization during sentence processing in English and in American Sign Language (ASL) was characterized by employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 4 T. Effects of deafness, age of language acquisition, and bilingualism were assessed by comparing results from (i) normally hearing, monolingua...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neville HJ,Bavelier D,Corina D,Rauschecker J,Karni A,Lalwani A,Braun A,Clark V,Jezzard P,Turner R

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Topological state of matter and lithium batteries are currently two hot topics in science and technology. Here we combine these two by exploring the possibility of using all-carbon-based porous topological semimetal for lithium battery anode material. Based on density-functional theory and the cluster-expansion method...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Wang S,Sun Q

更新日期：2017-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A weakly nonlinear oscillator of natural frequency omega(0) and damping ratio delta is driven by an amplitude-modulated force of dimensionless amplitude epsilon, carrier frequency omega, and modulation frequency omega(1). Each of (omega - omega(0))/omega(0), omega(1)/omega(0), and delta is O(epsilon(2/3)) as epsilon -...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles J

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncompliance with social distancing during the early stage of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a great challenge to the public health system. These noncompliance behaviors partly reflect people's concerns for the inherent costs of social distancing while discounting its public health benefits. W...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie W,Campbell S,Zhang W

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:RPE65 is a protein of unknown function expressed specifically by the retinal pigment epithelium. We examined all 14 exons of this gene in 147 unrelated patients with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP), in 15 patients with isolate RP, and in 45 patients with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Sequence anomali...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morimura H,Fishman GA,Grover SA,Fulton AB,Berson EL,Dryja TP

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) possess Ca(2+)-dependent membrane currents. These currents were suppressed in late-passage normal (senescent) HDFs and prematurely senescent HDFs derived from a subject with Werner syndrome (WS), compared with early-passage normal (young) HDFs. When young HDFs were microinjected with m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu S,Thweatt R,Lumpkin CK Jr,Goldstein S

更新日期：1994-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the future often seems intangible, we can make it more concrete by imagining prospective events. Here, using functional MRI, we demonstrate a mechanism by which the ventromedial prefrontal cortex supports such episodic simulations, and thereby contributes to affective foresight: This region supports processes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benoit RG,Szpunar KK,Schacter DL

更新日期：2014-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the activities of IFN-gamma are the result of STAT1-mediated transcriptional responses. In this study, we show that the BRCA1 tumor suppressor acts in concert with STAT1 to differentially activate transcription of a subset of IFN-gamma target genes and mediates growth inhibition by this cytokine. After IFN-gam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ouchi T,Lee SW,Ouchi M,Aaronson SA,Horvath CM

更新日期：2000-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite considerable interest in the forces shaping the relationship between brain size and cognitive abilities, it remains controversial whether larger-brained animals are, indeed, better problem-solvers. Recently, several comparative studies have revealed correlations between brain size and traits thought to require...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benson-Amram S,Dantzer B,Stricker G,Swanson EM,Holekamp KE

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alterations in the activity/levels of the extralarge G protein α-subunit (XLαs) are implicated in various human disorders, such as perinatal growth retardation. Encoded by GNAS, XLαs is partly identical to the α-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα), but the cellular actions of XLαs remain poorly defined. Followi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He Q,Bouley R,Liu Z,Wein MN,Zhu Y,Spatz JM,Wang CY,Divieti Pajevic P,Plagge A,Babitt JL,Bastepe M

更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae, are the most abundant autotrophs in aquatic environments and form the base of all aquatic food chains by fixing carbon and nitrogen into cellular biomass. The single most important nutrient for photosynthesis and growth is nitrate, which is severely limiting in many aquatic environment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koropatkin NM,Pakrasi HB,Smith TJ

更新日期：2006-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously described a gene delivery system based upon the receptor-mediated endocytosis of DNA complexed with transferrin-polycation conjugates. This delivery system has been found to be very effective for both the internalization and the expression of genetic material in cells that have many transferrin rece...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wagner E,Cotten M,Foisner R,Birnstiel ML

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have screened a large number of isolated human genomic clones that hybridize to a cloned HLA cDNA probe for their ability to direct the synthesis of HLA-A, -B, and -C surface antigens on mouse L cells following DNA-mediated gene transfer. The surface expression of human histocompatibility antigens, monitored by ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbosa JA,Kamarck ME,Biro PA,Weissman SM,Ruddle FH

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracts of insect cells infected with baculoviruses recombinant for the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-encoded enzymes that are required for its replication can promote the rolling circle replication of circular plasmid templates. Replication is independent of a HSV-1 origin of replication (oris) or the HSV-1 origin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skaliter R,Lehman IR

更新日期：1994-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C) is a thick filament protein playing an essential role in muscle contraction, and MyBP-C mutations cause heart and skeletal muscle disease in millions worldwide. Despite its discovery 40 y ago, the mechanism of MyBP-C function remains unknown. In vitro studies suggest that MyBP-C could...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luther PK,Winkler H,Taylor K,Zoghbi ME,Craig R,Padrón R,Squire JM,Liu J

更新日期：2011-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Colon carcinoma is one of the leading causes of death from cancer and is characterized by a heterogenic pool of cells with distinct differentiation patterns. Recently, it was reported that a population of undifferentiated cells from a primary tumor, so-called cancer stem cells (CSC), can reconstitute the original tumo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vermeulen L,Todaro M,de Sousa Mello F,Sprick MR,Kemper K,Perez Alea M,Richel DJ,Stassi G,Medema JP

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Ab initio and density functional calculations have been carried out to more fully understand the factors controlling the catalytic activity of the Thermus aquaticus DNA methyltransferase (MTaqI) in the N-methylation at the N(6) of an adenine nucleobase. The noncatalyzed reaction was modeled as a methyl transfer from t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Newby ZE,Lau EY,Bruice TC

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The Drosophila splicing factor RBP1 participates together with TRA and TRA-2 in the regulation of alternative splicing of doublesex (dsx) pre-mRNA. It does so by recognizing RBP1 RNA target sequences in the dsx pre-mRNA. RBP1 belongs to the Ser-Arg-rich (SR) protein family of splicing factors, which have in common a N...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heinrichs V,Baker BS

更新日期：1997-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of biotic remains of polar ice caps have been limited to morphological identification of plant pollen and spores. By using sensitive molecular techniques, we now demonstrate a much greater range of detectable organisms; from 2000- and 4000-year-old ice-core samples, we obtained and characterized 120 clones tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Willerslev E,Hansen AJ,Christensen B,Steffensen JP,Arctander P

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Microorganisms have mechanisms to sense their environment and rapidly adapt to survive changes in conditions. In Streptomyces albus, various transcriptional repressors mediate the induction of heat shock genes. The RheA repressor regulates the synthesis of HSP18, a small heat shock protein, which plays a role in therm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Servant P,Grandvalet C,Mazodier P

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Purine nucleoside analogs modified by replacement of the nitrogen atom at the 3 position by a CH group give a characteristic circular dichroism curve that is not substantially modified by chemical substitution at the 8 position. Since it is rather well established that 8-substituted purine nucleosides are predominantl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DW,Townsend LB,Redington P,Eyring H

更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-myc protooncogene has been implicated in control of growth and differentiation of mammalian cells. For instance, growth arrest is often preceded by reduction in c-myc mRNA and gene transcription. To elucidate the mechanisms of control of c-myc gene transcription, we have begun to characterize the interaction of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duyao MP,Buckler AJ,Sonenshein GE

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete nucleotide sequences of the cDNAs encoding the heavy- and light-chain variable regions (VH and VL) of myeloma protein W3129, an anti-alpha(1----6)-dextran with a unique combining site, have been determined. The VH region is encoded by a germ-line gene highly homologous to VH441, which also appears to be u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borden P,Kabat EA

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thymic microenvironment involves complex cell interactions among different types of epithelial cells, macrophages, tissue histiocytes, and immature and maturing T cells. We describe the isolation of a subset of thymic epithelial cells by selective primary culture followed by cotransfection with a simian virus 40 r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mizutani S,Watt SM,Robertson D,Hussein S,Healy LE,Furley AJ,Greaves MF

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Androgen receptor (AR) protein expression and function are critical for survival and proliferation of androgen-sensitive (AS) prostate cancer cells. Besides its ability to function as a transcription factor, experimental observations suggest that AR becomes a licensing factor for DNA replication in AS prostate cancer ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Litvinov IV,Vander Griend DJ,Antony L,Dalrymple S,De Marzo AM,Drake CG,Isaacs JT

更新日期：2006-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shown that polyphosphates are not generated in significant amounts in the phosphoglycerate kinase reaction; polyphosphate is more effective than ATP in the formation of glucose 6-P by glucokinase, but the rate with ATP may be adequate to meet the requirements of glucose metabolism; PPi is far more effective than...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wood HG,Goss NH

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00