Abstract：
:Oxidative stress can induce neuronal apoptosis via the production of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. This process is as a major pathogenic mechanism in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we aimed to clarify whether theaflavins protect PC12 cells from oxidative stress damage induced by H2O2. A cell model of PC12 cells undergoing oxidative stress was created by exposing cells to 200 μM H2O2 in the presence or absence of varying concentrations of theaflavins (5, 10, and 20 μM). Cell viability was monitored using the MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining, showing that 10 μM theaflavins enhanced cell survival following 200 μM H2O2 induced toxicity and increased cell viability by approximately 40 %. Additionally, we measured levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme activity. This suggested that the neuroprotective effect of theaflavins against oxidative stress in PC12 cells is derived from suppression of oxidant enzyme activity. Furthermore, Western blot analyses indicated that theaflavins downregulated the ratio of pro-apoptosis/anti-apoptosis proteins Bax/Bcl-2. Theaflavins also downregulated the expression of caspase-3 compared with a H2O2-treated group that had not been treated with theaflavins. Interestingly, this is the first study to report that the four main components of theaflavins found in black tea can protect neural cells (PC12) from apoptosis induced by H2O2. These findings provide the foundations for a new field of using theaflavins or its source, black tea, in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Zhang J,Cai S,Li J,Xiong L,Tian L,Liu J,Huang J,Liu Zdoi
10.1007/s11064-016-2069-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-01 00:00:00pages
3364-3372issue
12eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903pii
10.1007/s11064-016-2069-8journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, for which at present no causal treatment is available. On the understanding that the causes of PD are mainly oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, antioxidants and other drugs are expected to be used. In the present study, we demons...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-009-0046-1
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycogen is the main storage form of glucose in the brain. In contrast with previous beliefs, brain glycogen has recently been shown to play important roles in several brain functions. A fraction of metabolized glucose molecules are being shunted through glycogen before reentering the glycolytic pathway, a phenomenon ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-017-2267-z
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones containing the entire coding sequence for Diazepam Binding Inhibitor (DBI) peptide, a 10-kDa precursor of putative natural ligands of benzodiazepine recognition sites, were isolated from rat, human and cow libraries. The sequence of all these clones is highly conserved; however, the N-t...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00972202
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase localized in isolated brain synaptic membranes- and microvessels-enriched fractions was assayed after treatment of rats with either phenobarbital or ethanol. Phenobarbital increased the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase in microvessels, without alteration of synaptic membr...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00993245
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In membranes of rat striatum, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, enhanced adenylate cyclase activity by counteracting the inhibition elicited by GTP. Exposure to pertussis toxin caused a similar alteration of the GTP-regulation of the enzyme activit...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01101712
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) administration on the central serotoninergic system were evaluated by biochemical assays of tissue levels of indoleamines; a measure of the serotonin (5-HT) innervation was obtained by using [3H]paroxetine as a marker of 5-HT uptake sites. Two different delta 9...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00978372
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gelsolin is an actin regulatory protein that generally distributed in a wide variety of body tissues, especially the brain tissues and cerebrospinal fluid. In this study we found that lumbar CSF-gelsolin concentrations markedly decreased in epileptic patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In order to help judg...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-011-0549-4
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammatory response mediated by microglia in the central nervous system is closely related to epilepsy. Notch signaling plays an important role in the microglial activation during hypoxia. This study aimed to investigate whether Notch signaling is involved in microglial activation and subsequent inflammation-rel...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-018-2544-5
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postnatal developmental patterns of activity for acid and alkaline deoxyribonuclease (DNase) were determined in the cerebellum of the androgenized female rat. Littermates were injected s.c. with either 1.25 mg testosterone propionate (TP) or vehicle 48 hours after birth. The enzymes and DNA content were measured in th...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964659
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The three essential amino acids, valine, leucine and isoleucine, constitute the group of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). BCAAs are rapidly taken up into the brain parenchyma, where they serve several distinct functions including that as fuel material in brain energy metabolism. As one function of astrocytes is con...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-008-9895-2
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to tho...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:nere.0000010450.21586.a6
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamine synthetase (GS) is the key enzyme in cerebral glutamine production. Understanding the regulation of the expression of GS is important for definition of the control of glutamine metabolism in brain. Therefore, we studied the control of GS expression by 8-bromo cyclic AMP in primary cultures of astrocytes prep...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00973746
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate potential therapeutic effects of IFN-γ primed human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (IFN-γ-hUCMSCs) transplantation on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. In this study, EAE mouse model was established by MOG35-55 immunization method. Outcomes of the E...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-020-03009-y
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, has been proposed to be a potential signaling molecule in the central nervous system. The understanding of uridine release in the brain is therefore of fundamental importance. The present study was performed to determine the characteristics of basal and morphine-induced uridine releas...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-012-0903-1
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ESR spin trapping technique was used to detect and analyze free radical formation. When 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was incubated alone or in the presence of a free radical generating system (H2O2 and FeSO4), hydroxyl free radicals were observed in a concentration-dependent manner. Glutathione was found to be the most ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965833
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease with physiological manifestations including tremors, bradykinesia, abnormal postural reflexes, rigidity and akinesia and pathological landmarks showing losses of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Although the etiolo...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11064-008-9656-2
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impaired glucose transport across brain tissue barriers causes infantile seizures, developmental delay and acquired microcephaly. Since the first report in 1991 (De Vivo et al, NEJM, 1991) 17 patients have been identified with the glucose transporter protein syndrome (GTPS). The diagnostic feature of the syndrome is a...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022544131826
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat posterior eyecups containing the retina were prepared, loaded with [(3)H]glycine and superfused in order to determine its release originated from glycinergic amacrine cells and/or glial cells. Deprivation of oxygen and glucose from the Krebs-bicarbonate buffer used for superfusion evoked a marked increase of [(3)H...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-015-1713-z
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ion fluxes in mammalian myelinated axons are restricted to the nodes of Ranvier, where, in particular, voltage-gated Na+ channels are clustered at a high density. The node of Ranvier is separated from the internode by two distinct domains of the axolemma, the paranode and the juxtaparanode. Each axonal domain is chara...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021608514646
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of [3H]ethylketocyclazocine ([3H]EKC) under the suppression of mu and delta sites in the brain of EL mice (seizure-susceptible) was examined to determine the relationship between seizures and the dynorphinergic system. The density of kappa-opioid receptors in the cerebrum of adult EL mice during interictal...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022424707543
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperprolinemia type II (HPII) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the severe deficiency of enzyme delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase leading to tissue accumulation of proline. Chronic administration of Pro led to significant reduction of cytosolic ALT activity of olfactory lobes (50.57%), cereb...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-004-7026-2
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Kindling" is a phenomenon of epileptogenesis, which has been widely used as an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy. At the present work we investigated the contribution of NMDA receptors in the Pentylenetetrazol-induced "kindling" model in the mouse brain, by using quantitative autoradiography and the radioa...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021143813935
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and Schwann cells (SCs) are closely-related cell types with regeneration-promoting properties. Comparative gene expression analysis is particularly relevant since it may explain cell type-specific effects and guide the use of each cell type into special clinical applications. In the ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1006-3
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Super Family 6 gene (TNFRSF6), also known as FAS, encodes the Fas antigen, a cell surface receptor mediating cell apoptosis, situated on chromosome 10q located near the region of linkage to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). FAS levels have been reported elevated in the brain of AD pati...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9329-6
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to develop a simplified method for long-term primary culture of highly-pure rat embryonic hippocampal neurons of low-density (10(3) cells/cm(2)), we optimized and modified conventional culturing methods. The modifications of our simplified method include: (1) combinational application of two growth substrates...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-010-0189-0
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiretroviral protease inhibitors are a class of important drugs that are used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infections. Among those compounds, ritonavir is applied frequently in combination with other antiretroviral protease inhibitors, as it has been reported to boost their therapeutic efficienc...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-0971-x
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study mitochondrial respiratory function of fibroblasts from a patient affected by early-onset parkinsonism carrying the homozygous W437X nonsense mutation in the PINK1 gene has been thoroughly characterized. When compared with normal fibroblasts, the patient's fibroblast mitochondria exhibited a lower ...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-008-9729-2
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice infected with the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus showed a significant decrease in the GABA content of cerebral hemispheres. Activity of the enzyme which synthetizes GABA, glutamate decarboxylase, is also reduced in whole cerebral hemispheres, neostriatum, and frontal cortex of infected animals, as comp...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964333
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein misfolding and deposition in the brain are implicated in the etiology of numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Here, organic solutes characteristic of microorganisms adapted to hot environments, were tested on experimental cell models of Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. Diglycerol phosphate, di-myo-inosi...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-011-0440-3
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we observed the effects of metformin, one of the most widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (SZDG) in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, which are a model for type 2 diabe...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-009-0115-5
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
