Abstract：
:The first compound that inhibited the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), sirolimus (rapamycin) was discovered in the 1970s as a soil bacterium metabolite collected on Easter Island (Rapa Nui). Because sirolimus showed antiproliferative activity, researchers investigated its molecular target and identified the TOR1 and TOR2. The mTOR consists of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. Rapalogues including sirolimus, everolimus, and temsirolimus exert their effect mainly on mTORC1, whereas their inhibitory effect on mTORC2 is mild. To obtain compounds with more potent antiproliferative effects, ATP-competitive inhibitors of mTOR targeting both mTORC1 and mTORC2 have been developed and tested in clinical trials as anticancer drugs. Currently, mTOR inhibitors are used as anticancer drugs against several solid tumors, and immunosuppressive agents for transplantation of various organs. This review discusses the role of mTOR inhibitors in renal disease with a particular focus on renal cancer, diabetic nephropathy, and kidney transplantation.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Kajiwara M,Masuda Sdoi
10.3390/ijms17060975subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-21 00:00:00issue
6issn
1422-0067pii
ijms17060975journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:It has been well established that hypoxia significantly increases both cellular and tumor resistance to ionizing radiation. Hypoxia associated radiation resistance has been known for some time but there has been limited success in sensitizing cells to radiation under hypoxic conditions. These studies show that, when i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19082228
更新日期：2018-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulative evidence demonstrates that the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 functions as a powerful tumor promoter in many types of cancers. Abnormal expression of Shp2 has been implicated in many human malignancies. Overexpression of Shp2 in cancer tissues is correlated with cancer metastasis, resistance to targete...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18020395
更新日期：2017-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The transmembrane K+/H+ antiporters of NhaP type of Vibrio cholerae (Vc-NhaP1, 2, and 3) are critical for maintenance of K+ homeostasis in the cytoplasm. The entire functional NhaP group is indispensable for the survival of V. cholerae at low pHs suggesting their possible role in the acid tolerance response (ATR) of V...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20102572
更新日期：2019-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects females, resulting in severe cognitive and physical disabilities, and is one of the most prevalent causes of intellectual disability in females. More than fifty years after the first publication on Rett syndrome, and almost two de...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20163925
更新日期：2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotional and cognitive information processing represent higher-order brain functions. They require coordinated interaction of specialized brain areas via a complex spatial and temporal equilibrium among neuronal cell-autonomous, circuitry, and network mechanisms. The delicate balance can be corrupted by stressful exp...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21207455
更新日期：2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy (cellular self-consumption) is a crucial adaptation mechanism during cellular stress conditions. This study aimed to examine how this important process is regulated in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts by mechanical and inflammatory stress conditions and whether the mammalian target of rapamycin (...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21249446
更新日期：2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Food packaging is not only a simple protective barrier, but a real "active" component, which is expected to preserve food quality, safety and shelf-life. Therefore, the materials used for packaging production should show peculiar features and properties. Specifically, antimicrobial packaging has recently gained great ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20030601
更新日期：2019-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis, as a chronic inflammatory disease, is the major underlying cause of death worldwide. However, the mechanisms that underlie the inflammatory process are not completely understood. Prolyl-isomerase-1 (Pin1), as a unique peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, plays an important role in inflammation and endothelial d...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18030644
更新日期：2017-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemotherapy is one of the most common strategies for tumor treatment but often associated with post-therapy tumor recurrence. While chemotherapeutic drugs are known to induce tumor cell senescence, the roles and mechanisms of senescence in tumor recurrence remain unclear. In this study, we used doxorubicin to induce ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22020849
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Temperature-responsive photonic coatings are appealing for a variety of applications, including smart windows. However, the fabrication of such reflective polymer coatings remains a challenge. In this work, we report the development of a temperature-responsive, infrared-reflective coating consisting of a polymer-stabi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21051803
更新日期：2020-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the years, anthropogenic factors have led to cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the environment causing various health problems in humans. Although Cd is not a Fenton-like metal, it induces oxidative stress in various animal models via indirect mechanisms. The degree of Cd-induced oxidative stress depends on the dose, ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14036116
更新日期：2013-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis morphology is characterized by bone resorption and decreases in micro-architecture parameters. Anti-osteoporosis therapy targets osteoclasts because bone resorption is a unique function of osteoclasts. Anti-c-fms antibodies against the receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) inhibit oste...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21176120
更新日期：2020-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Esophageal cancer remains a challenging disease due to limited treatment options and poor prognosis. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of highly lethal malignancies, such as non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. Recent clinical trials also...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21051658
更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) is a negative regulator of adipogenesis. Dlx5 expression is decreased by adipogenic stimuli, but the mechanisms of Dlx5 downregulation by adipogenic stimuli have not yet been determined. Here, we tested the impact of cAMP/PKA (protein kinase A) signaling induced by 3-isobutyl-1 methyl xan...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19103161
更新日期：2018-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Extensive work on experimental animal models clearly demonstrates that infectious agents can break immunological tolerance to self-antigens and induce autoimmune disorders, mainly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The establishment of a causative link between infections and autoimmunity has been largely studied in a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms160817331
更新日期：2015-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Carnitine has vital roles in the endogenous metabolism of short chain fatty acids. It can protect and support gut microbial species, and some dietary fibers can reduce the available iron involved in the bioactivity of carnitine. There is also an antagonistic relationship between high microbial populations and carnitin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19041008
更新日期：2018-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Latent transforming growth factor-β-1 binding protein-2 (LTBP-2) belongs to the LTBP-fibrillin superfamily of extracellular proteins. Unlike other LTBPs, LTBP-2 does not covalently bind transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) but appears to be implicated in the regulation of TGF-β1 bioactivity, although the mechanisms ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18102114
更新日期：2017-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses are increasingly recognized as emerging infectious disease agents in both humans and animals.[...]. ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.3390/ijms19020398
更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Colon cancer is an aggressive tumor form with a poor prognosis. This study reports a comparative proteomic analysis performed by using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) between 26 pooled colon cancer surgical tissues and adjacent non-tumoral tissues, to identify potential target proteins co...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21093096
更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Metallothioneins have been viewed as modulators in a number of biological regulations regarding cancerous development; however, the function of metallothionein 3 (MT3) in bladder cancer is unexplored. We determined the regulatory mechanisms and potential function of MT3 in bladder carcinoma cells. Real-Time Reverse Tr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20040980
更新日期：2019-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies and is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death world-wide, which is linked to genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and oncogenic signaling activation. MicroRNAs, one of the categories of epigenetics, have been demonstrated significant roles in car...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18040890
更新日期：2017-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a generalized skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and an alteration of the microarchitecture that lead to an increase in bone fragility and, therefore, an increased risk of fractures. It must be considered today as a true public health problem and the most widespread metabol...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21134749
更新日期：2020-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders are widespread among the general population and are significant public health and economic burdens. Alcohol use disorders often co-occur with other psychiatric conditions and this dual diagnosis is called comorbidity. Depressive disorders invariably contribute to the deve...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21218123
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythropoiesis is a complex process driving the production of red blood cells. During homeostasis, adult erythropoiesis takes place in the bone marrow and is tightly controlled by erythropoietin (EPO), a central hormone mainly produced in renal EPO-producing cells. The expression of EPO is strictly regulated by local ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21218131
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Greenhouse hydroponic experiments were conducted using Cd-sensitive (cv. Guiyan1) and Cd-tolerant (cv. Yunyan2) tobacco cultivars to study the ameliorative effects of exogenous glycinebetaine (GB) upon 5 μM Cd stress. The foliar spray of GB markedly reduced Cd concentrations in plants and alleviated Cd-induced soil pl...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20071612
更新日期：2019-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver transplant is the unique curative therapy for patients with acute liver failure or end-stage liver disease, with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. Increase of body weight, onset of insulin resistance and drug-induced alterations of metabolism are reported in liver transplant recipients. In this context, post-...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17040490
更新日期：2016-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to monitor the macrophage infiltration of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions and to evaluate the effects of anti-AD therapeutic agents in immunocompetent mice via optical reporter-gene-based molecular imaging. The enhanced firefly luciferase (effluc)-expressing macrophage cell line (Raw2...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21176205
更新日期：2020-08-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor cells metastasize to distal organs mainly through hematogenous dissemination, where they experience considerable levels of fluid shear stress. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. However, how fluid shear stress influences the EMT phenotype of circulating tumor cells...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21218115
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:An efficient and sensitive analytical method based on high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) was established for the simultaneous separation and determination of glucosamine (GlcN)₁ and chitooligosaccharides (COS) ranging from (GlcN)₂ to (GlcN)₆ without prior deri...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17101699
更新日期：2016-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Central hypogonadism is a clinical condition, characterized by sexual symptoms and low serum testosterone levels, due to an impaired function of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the standard treatment for hypogonadism, but it has some disadvantages. TRT is not a good optio...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms22010021
更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00
