Abstract:
:Bioluminescent reporter assays have been widely used to study the effect of Toxoplasma gondii on host gene expression. In the present study, we extend these studies by engineering novel reporter cell lines containing a gamma-activated sequence (GAS) element driving firefly luciferase (FLUC). In RAW264.7 macrophages, T. gondii type I strain (GT1) infection blocked interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-induced FLUC activity to a significantly greater extent than infection by type II (ME49) and type III (CTG) strains. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of progeny from a prior genetic cross identified a genomic region on chromosome XII that correlated with the observed strain-dependent phenotype. This QTL region contains two isoforms of the T. gondii enzyme nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NTPase) that were the prime candidates for mediating the observed strain-specific effect. Using reverse genetic analysis we show that deletion of NTPase I from a type I strain (RH) background restored the higher luciferase levels seen in the type II (ME49) strain. Rather than an effect on IFN-γ-dependent transcription, our data suggest that NTPase I was responsible for the strain-dependent difference in FLUC activity due to hydrolysis of ATP. We further show that NTPases I and II were not essential for tachyzoite growth in vitro or virulence in mice. Our study reveals that although T. gondii NTPases are not essential for immune evasion, they can affect ATP-dependent reporters. Importantly, this limitation was overcome using an ATP-independent Gaussia luciferase, which provides a more appropriate reporter for use with T. gondii infection studies.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Olias P,Sibley LDdoi
10.1128/IAI.00077-16subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-23 00:00:00pages
1994-2001issue
7eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522pii
IAI.00077-16journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced by immunizing mice with a disrupted yeast cell homogenate of Histoplasma capsulatum. MAbs 1 and 2 reacted only with the yeast cell antigens of H. capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis, whereas MAbs 3 and 4 showed broader cross-reactivity. MAb 3 cross-reacted with B. de...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.3.896-901.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mosquitoes are infected with Plasmodium falciparum by taking a blood meal from a gametocyte carrier. Since a mosquito takes a volume of 1 to 2 microl, a blood meal may contain 1 x 10(4) to 3 x 10(4) leukocytes (WBC). The majority of WBC are composed of neutrophils which may phagocytose and kill developing gametes insi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.9.3834-3837.1997
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nineteen of 22 female mice (CF1 strain) inoculated intragastrically with Treponema hyodysenteriae developed cecal and colonic lesions consisting of catarrhal inflammation, edema, and occasional hemorrhage. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.25.2.757-760.1979
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important opportunistic pathogen of humans, exploits epithelial damage to establish infection. We have rigorously explored the role of N-glycoproteins and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in P. aeruginosa-mediated attachment and subsequent downstream events at the apical (AP) and basola...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01215-09
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosomal iroBCDEN gene cluster first described for Salmonella enterica is involved in the uptake of catecholate-type siderophore compounds. An orthologous gene cluster has recently been detected in Escherichia coli strains which cause extraintestinal disease. This E. coli iroBCDEN gene cluster has an impact on ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.6.3285-3293.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila is a gram-negative facultative intracellular parasite of macrophages. Although L. pneumophila is the causative agent of a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease, it is likely that most infections caused by this organism are cleared by the host innate immune system. It is predicted that ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02049-05
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult murine models of Cryptosporidium infection involving Cryptosporidium muris and C. parvum were used to study immunity to cryptosporidiosis in the mammalian host. Immunocompetent BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice developed a highly patent infection with the RN 66 strain of C. muris but overcame the infection and were immune ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.8.3325-3331.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic biofilms have been associated with persistent infections due to their high resistance to antimicrobial agents, while commensal biofilms often fortify the host's immune system. Hence, controlling biofilm formation of both pathogenic bacteria and commensal bacteria is important in bacterium-related diseases. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05580-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of an extract from a helminth (Ascaris suum) in zymosan-induced arthritis (ZYA) or collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Rats and mice, respectively, received 1 mg and 0.1 mg zymosan intra-articularly (i.a.). Test groups received an A. suum extract either per os (p.o.) or intraperitoneally (i.p....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01085-07
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins (ST I STA) cause diarrhea in humans and animals has been linked to the activation of an intestinal membrane-bound guanylate cyclase. Guanylin, a recently discovered rat intestinal peptide, is homologous in structure to ST I and can activate guanylate cyclase pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.11.4710-4715.1993
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species-specific antibody epitopes within several major immunoreactive protein orthologs of Ehrlichia species have recently been identified and molecularly characterized. In this study, dominant B-cell epitopes within the acidic (pI 5.35) ankyrin repeat-containing 200-kDa major immunoreactive protein (gp200) of Ehrlic...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00041-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunogenicity of the two major group 19 pneumococcal polysaccharides, types 19F and 19A, was studied in human volunteers. Antibody responses after vaccination with either 50 micrograms of type 19F polysaccharide, 50 micrograms of type 19A polysaccharide, or 25 micrograms of both polysaccharides premixed in a sing...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.3.1261-1262.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with mucosal inflammation. The aim of the present study was to assess human neutrophil and monocyte activation by H. pylori strains obtained from patients with different clinical presentations. Bacterial sonicates from 12 strains were used to stimulate phagocyte upre...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.6.3171-3174.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenicities of 10 temperature-sensitive mutants of Venezuelan encephalitis virus were studied using the hamster model of human virulence. The parental strain and nine of the temperature-sensitive mutants produced lethal infections in hamsters. Strain ts 126 showed reduced hamster virulence. Deaths with the lethal ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.25.3.873-879.1979
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phagosome acidification is an important component of the microbicidal response by infected eukaryotic cells. Thus, intracellular pathogens that reside within phagosomes must either block phagosome acidification or be able to survive at low pH. In this work, we studied the effect of phagosomal acidification on the surv...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.9.5401-5404.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-one patients with a variety of different illnesses were studied with respect to skin test anergy and the presence of serum chemotactic inhibitors. In initial testing, 55% of the patient tests demonstrated negative skin test responses to all six test antigens. Sera from 65% of these anergic patients were capable ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.5.1003-1009.1974
更新日期:1974-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::When Streptococcus pyogenes group A type 3 strain C203 (M+) and its M-protein-lacking derivative, strain C203S (M-), were treated with normal human serum in the presence of magnesium-EGTA [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid], virulent M+ bacteria bound only 10 to 30% as much C3 and f...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.8.2535-2541.1990
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to identify disease-related changes in lymphocyte populations within ileal mucosae of calves with cryptosporidiosis. Groups of five neonatal calves were orally infected at 3 days of age with 10(8) oocysts and maintained in enteric-pathogen-free conditions until clinical disease was esta...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.1.185-190.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparisons of the course of coccidioidomycosis in two strains of inbred mice established that BALB/c mice are significantly more susceptible to pulmonary infection with Coccidioides immitis than are DBA/2 mice. The susceptibility of BALB/c mice does not reside in their inability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.1.13-17.1988
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligopeptides play important roles in bacterial nutrition and signaling. Using sequences from the available genome database for Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, the oligopeptide permease operon (oppBCDA) of Mycobacterium bovis BCG was cloned from a cosmid library. An opp mutant strain was constructed by homologous re...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.429-436.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method was developed to study the adhesion of Streptococcus pneumoniae to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. Epithelial cells from healthy persons, pneumococcal strains from patients with otitis media, meningitis, or septicemia, and pneumococcal cells from the nasopharynx of healthy carriers were used. Adhesion was ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.32.1.311-317.1981
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The type III secretion system (T3SS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many Gram-negative bacteria, including Edwardsiella tarda, an important fish pathogen. Within the E. tarda T3SS, there are three proteins (EsaB/EsaL/EsaM) that are homologous to proteins present in many other bacteria, including SpiC/SsaL...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00322-17
更新日期:2017-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Total and insoluble dextransucrase activities were measured in cell-associated and supernatant fractions of Streptococcus mutans GS-5 grown in several media. Although the amount of cell-associated and supernatant activity varied greatly as a function of medium, the total activity appeared constant. The distribution of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.18.3.629-635.1977
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory mediators orchestrate the host immune and metabolic response to acute bacterial infections and mediate the events leading to septic shock. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has long been identified as one of the proximal mediators of endotoxin action. Recent studies have implicated peroxisome proliferator-activ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.7.3488-3493.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen, dramatically alters its protein profile when it is transmitted between ticks and mammals. Several differentially expressed proteins have been shown to be critical for the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of the surface lip...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00372-10
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was shown that a strain of Serratia liquefaciens harbors a conjugative R-plasmid responsible for reistance to the following 14 antibiotics: ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, butirosin, neomycin, paramomycin, kanamycin, lividomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and chloramph...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infection with group B Streptococcus (GBS) represents a prominent threat to neonates and fetuses in the Western world, causing severe organ damage and even death. To improve current therapeutic strategies and to investigate new approaches, an appropriate in vivo model to study the immune response of a human ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01235-12
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance against acute and chronic infection with Taxoplasma gondii in BALB/c and CBA/Ca mice was compared. Intraperitoneal inoculation of either 20, 40, or 80 cysts of the ME49 strain resulted in mortality rates in BALB/c mice of 12% (2 of 17), 50% (6 of 12), and 75% (9 of 12), respectively, within 3 weeks after in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.6.2284-2288.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments outlined here investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum-induced malarial anemia (MA). The results show that ex vivo and in vitro NO synthase (NOS) activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is significantly elevated in children with MA and inversely ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.8.4868-4873.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia cenocepacia strain K56-2 typically has rough colony morphology on agar medium; however, shiny colony variants (shv) can appear spontaneously. These shv all had a minimum of 50% reduction in biomass formation and were generally avirulent in an alfalfa seedling infection model. Three shv-K56-2 S15, K56-2 S7...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00874-07
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00