Abstract:
:The functionalization of graphene remains an important challenge for numerous applications expected by this fascinating material. To keep advantageous properties of graphene after modification or functionalization of its structure, local approaches are a promising road. A novel technique is reported here that allows precise site-selective fluorination of graphene. The basic idea of this approach consists in the local radicalization of graphene by focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation and simultaneous introduction of XeF2 gas. A systematic series of experiments were carried out to outline the relation between inserted defect creation and the fluorination process. Based on a subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, a 6-fold increase of the fluorine concentration on graphene under simultaneous irradiation was observed when compared to fluorination under normal conditions. The fluorine atoms are predominately localized at the defects as indicated from scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The experimental findings are confirmed by density functional theory which predicts a strong increase of the binding energy of fluorine atoms when bound to the defect sites. The developed technique allows for local fluorination of graphene without using resists and has potential to be a general enabler of site-selective functionalization of graphene using a wide range of gases.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Li H,Daukiya L,Haldar S,Lindblad A,Sanyal B,Eriksson O,Aubel D,Hajjar-Garreau S,Simon L,Leifer Kdoi
10.1038/srep19719subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-29 00:00:00pages
19719issn
2045-2322pii
srep19719journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Randomizing the layer thickness of superlattices (SL) can lead to localization of coherent phonons and thereby reduces the lattice thermal conductivity κ l . In this work, we propose strategies that can suppress incoherent phonon transport in the above random multilayer (RML) structure to further reduce κ l . Molecula...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08359-2
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the ability of children with ASD to discriminate a small cylinder from a large cube by observing a point-light movie of an actor grasping the object, either from an allocentric or egocentric viewpoint (observing action of others or self). Compared with typically developing controls, high functioning au...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12995-z
更新日期:2017-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Primary cultured cardiomyocytes show spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations (SCOs) which not only govern contractile events, but undergo derangements that promote arrhythmogenesis through Ca2+ -dependent mechanism. We systematically examined influence on SCOs of an array of ion channel modifiers by recording intracellular Ca2+...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep40952
更新日期:2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Elastography plays a key role in characterizing soft media such as biological tissue. Although this technology has found widespread use in both clinical diagnostics and basic science research, nearly all methods require direct physical contact with the object of interest and can even be invasive. For a number of appli...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep38967
更新日期:2016-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenin (hANG), a member of the Ribonuclease A superfamily has angiogenic, neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities. Mutations in hANG have been found in patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The zebrafish (Danio rerio) rnasel-1, 2 and 3 are orthologues of hANG and of these only Rnasel-1 and Rnasel-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37140-2
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell research has yielded promising advances in regenerative medicine, but standard assays generally lack the ability to combine different cell stimulations with rapid sample processing and precise fluid control. In this work, we describe the design and fabrication of a micro-scale cell stimulator capable of simu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11800
更新日期:2015-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::High quality wafer-scale free-standing WS2 grown by van der Waals rheotaxy (vdWR) using Ni as a texture promoting layer is reported. The microstructure of vdWR grown WS2 was significantly modified from mixture of crystallites with their c-axes both parallel to (type I) and perpendicular to (type II) the substrate to l...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37833
更新日期:2016-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Direct measures of energy expenditure are difficult to obtain in marine mammals, and accelerometry may be a useful proxy. Recently its utility has been questioned as some analyses derived their measure of activity level by calculating the sum of accelerometry-based values and then comparing this summation to summed (t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11576-4
更新日期:2017-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Although oxide-based resistive switching memory (OxRAM) is one of the strong next-generation high capacity memory candidates, it has the critical disadvantage that deviations of resistance levels is too severe to be adopted as a high capacity memory device. More specifically, it is known that the larger on/off current...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35838-x
更新日期:2019-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a difficult-to-treat infection. Increasing efforts have been taken to mitigate the epidemics and to avoid potential outbreaks in low endemic settings. Understanding the population dynamics of MRSA is essential to identify the causal mechanisms driving the epidemics...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66270-9
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::There is still much to understand about the brain's colour processing mechanisms and the transformation from cone-opponent representations to perceptual hues. Moreover, it is unclear which area(s) in the brain represent unique hues. We propose a hierarchical model inspired by the neuronal mechanisms in the brain for l...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64969-3
更新日期:2020-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular taxonomy often uncovers cryptic species, reminding us that taxonomic incompleteness is even more severe than previous thought. The importance of cryptic species for conservation is poorly understood. Although some cryptic species may be seriously threatened or otherwise important, they are rarely included in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02938-z
更新日期:2017-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there is a growing interest towards the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles, particularly from plants; however, yet no published study on the synthesis of ZnO.NPs using the Deverra tortuosa extract. Through this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO.NPs) have been synthesized based on using the envi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60541-1
更新日期:2020-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Developing the high-efficient and green synthetic method for chiral amino alcohols is an intriguing target. We have developed the Mg(2+)-doped Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for hydrogenation of L-phenylalanine methyl ester to chiral L-phenylalaninol without racemization. The effect of different L-phenylalanine esters on this ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33196
更新日期:2016-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Using the Ermakov-Lewis invariants appearing in KvN mechanics, the time-dependent frequency harmonic oscillator is studied. The analysis builds upon the operational dynamical model, from which it is possible to infer quantum or classical dynamics; thus, the mathematical structure governing the evolution will be the sa...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26759-w
更新日期:2018-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::State of the art X-ray Free Electron Laser facilities currently provide the brightest X-ray pulses available, typically with mJ energy and several hundred femtosecond duration. Here we present one- and two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations, utilising the process of stimulated Raman amplification, showing that t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep16755
更新日期:2015-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the formation of Pd42.5Cu30Ni7.5P20 metallic glass droplets and wires in the gas atomization process. We demonstrate that the sizes of droplets and wires can be distinguished by the Ohnesorge number (Oh), which is the proportion of the spinnability to the capillary instability, and the diameter distrib...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep10711
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are excellent tools to promote gene transfer and stable gene expression. Their potential has been already demonstrated in gene therapy clinical trials for the treatment of diverse disorders. For large scale LV production, a stable producer system is desirable since it allows scalable and cost-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23593-y
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Calpain activation and tau hyperphosphorylation have been implicated in both TBI and AD. However, the link between calpain and tau phosphorylation has not been fully identified. We recently discovered that the two major calpain isoforms in th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12236-3
更新日期:2017-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::The prognostic factors of patients who undergo radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of liver stiffness (LS) and spleen stiffness (SS) measured by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in determining the prognoses of pa...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58988-3
更新日期:2020-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal diseases are frequently characterized by the accumulation of excessive scar tissue found throughout the neural retina. However, the pathophysiology of retinal fibrosis remains poorly understood, and the cell types that contribute to the fibrotic response are incompletely defined. Here, we show that myofibrobla...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72875-x
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological recordings in cortex in vivo have revealed a rich variety of dynamical regimes ranging from irregular asynchronous states to a diversity of synchronized states, depending on species, anesthesia, and external stimulation. The average population firing rate in these states is typically low. We study...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12033-y
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::The consumption of bovine milk and meat is considered a risk factor for colon- and breast cancer formation, and milk consumption has also been implicated in an increased risk for developing Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A number of highly related virus-like DNAs have been recently isolated from bovine milk and sera and fro...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21317-w
更新日期:2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::A major limitation for better understanding the role of the human gut virome in health and disease is the lack of validated methods that allow high throughput virome analysis. To overcome this, we evaluated the quantitative effect of homogenisation, centrifugation, filtration, chloroform treatment and random amplifica...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep16532
更新日期:2015-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::CRISPR/Cas9-based gene knockout in animal cells, particularly in teleosts, has proven to be very efficient with regards to mutation rates, but the precise insertion of exogenous DNA or gene knock-in via the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway has seldom been achieved outside of the model organisms. Here, we succeed...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79409-5
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::The methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) has been developed into a highly successful system for heterologous protein expression in both academia and industry. However, overexpression of recombinant protein often leads to severe burden on the physiology of K. phaffii and triggers cellular stress....
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16577-x
更新日期:2017-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Deriving cell populations from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for cell-based therapy is considered a promising strategy to achieve functional cells, yet its translation to clinical practice depends on achieving fully defined differentiated cells. In this work, we generated a miRNA-responsive lethal mRNA construct ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50899-2
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool has the potential to improve the livestock breeding industry by allowing for the introduction of desirable traits. Although an efficient and targeted tool, the CRISPR/Cas9 system can have some drawbacks, including off-target mutations and mosaicism, particularly when used in develop...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78264-8
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to compare soft tissue measurements with 3D imaging methods in individuals with untreated skeletal and pseudo-Class III malocclusions. The study sample consisted of 75 patients (38 males, 37 females, mean age 12.41 ± 2.35 years) with pseudo- and true skeletal Class III malocclusions and skelet...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71772-7
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::It well-known that mental training improves skill performance. Here, we evaluated skill acquisition and consolidation after physical or motor imagery practice, by means of an arm pointing task requiring speed-accuracy trade-off. In the main experiment, we showed a significant enhancement of skill after both practices ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81994-y
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00