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Acute Lung Injury Causes Asynchronous Alveolar Ventilation That Can Be Corrected by Individual Sighs.

Abstract：

RATIONALE:Improved ventilation strategies have been the mainstay for reducing mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Their unique clinical effectiveness is, however, unmatched by our understanding of the underlying mechanobiology, and their impact on alveolar dynamics and gas exchange remains largely speculative. OBJECTIVES:To assess changes in alveolar dynamics and associated effects on local gas exchange in experimental models of acute lung injury (ALI) and their responsiveness to sighs. METHODS:Alveolar dynamics and local gas exchange were studied in vivo by darkfield microscopy and multispectral oximetry in experimental murine models of ALI induced by hydrochloric acid, Tween instillation, or in antibody-mediated transfusion-related ALI. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Independent of injury mode, ALI resulted in asynchronous alveolar ventilation characteristic of alveolar pendelluft, which either spontaneously resolved or progressed to a complete cessation or even inversion of alveolar ventilation. The functional relevance of the latter phenomena was evident as impaired blood oxygenation in juxtaposed lung capillaries. Individual sighs (2 × 10 s at inspiratory plateau pressure of 30 cm H2O) largely restored normal alveolar dynamics and gas exchange in acid-induced ALI, yet not in Tween-induced surfactant depletion. CONCLUSIONS:We describe for the first time in detail the different forms and temporal sequence of impaired alveolar dynamics in the acutely injured lung and report the first direct visualization of alveolar pendelluft. Moreover, we identify individual sighs as an effective strategy to restore intact alveolar ventilation by a mechanism independent of alveolar collapse and reopening.

journal_name

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

journal_title

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors

Tabuchi A,Nickles HT,Kim M,Semple JW,Koch E,Brochard L,Slutsky AS,Pries AR,Kuebler WM

doi

10.1164/rccm.201505-0901OC

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-02-15 00:00:00

pages

396-406

issue

eissn

1073-449X

issn

1535-4970

journal_volume

193

pub_type

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Acute Lung Injury Causes Asynchronous Alveolar Ventilation That Can Be Corrected by Individual Sighs.