Abstract:
:When all the individuals in a social group can be easily identified, one of the simplest measures of social interaction that can be recorded is nearest-neighbour identity. Many field studies use sequential scan samples of groups to build up association metrics using these nearest-neighbour identities. Here, I describe a simple technique for identifying clusters of associated individuals within groups that uses nearest-neighbour identity data. Using computer-generated datasets with known associations, I demonstrate that this clustering technique can be used to build data suitable for association metrics, and that it can generate comparable metrics to raw nearest-neighbour data, but with much less initial data. This technique could therefore be of use where it is difficult to generate large datasets. Other situations where the technique would be useful are discussed.
journal_name
R Soc Open Scijournal_title
Royal Society open scienceauthors
Rands SAdoi
10.1098/rsos.140232subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-21 00:00:00pages
140232issue
1issn
2054-5703pii
rsos140232journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Plague remains a threat to public health and is considered as a re-emerging infectious disease today. Rodents play an important role as major hosts in plague persistence and driving plague outbreaks in natural foci; however, few studies have tested the association between host diversity in ecosystems and human plague ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190216
更新日期:2019-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Microwave absorption (MA) materials with high heat resistance have a wide range of applications in many fields. In this work, a C,N-codoped MoSi2 ceramic was prepared via a facile solid-phase reaction method and its MA properties was investigated. On the one hand, the results indicate that this ceramic possesses excel...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.200740
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Planar potentiometric NO2 sensors based on 8YSZ (8 mol% Y2O3-doped ZrO2) were prepared with WO3 sensing electrode material. The various electrode microstructures prepared by different sintering temperatures were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microstructure influences on th...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190526
更新日期:2019-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle bulges when it contracts. These three-dimensional (3D) dynamic shape changes play an important role in muscle performance by altering the range of fascicle velocities over which a muscle operates. However traditional muscle models are one-dimensional (1D) and cannot fully explain in vivo shape changes....
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.172371
更新日期:2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::High levels of genetic variation are often observed in natural populations, suggesting the action of processes such as frequency-dependent selection, heterozygote advantage and variable selection. However, the maintenance of genetic variation in fitness-related traits remains incompletely explained. The extent of gene...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.191720
更新日期:2020-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::The potential disrupting effects of Azo dye on wastewater nutrients removal deserved more analysis. In this study, 15 days exposure experiments were conducted with alizarin yellow R (AYR) as a model dye to determine whether the dye caused adverse effects on biological removal of both the dye and nutrients in acclimate...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.180795
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140292.]. ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1098/rsos.150193
更新日期:2015-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of multicellularity was a major transition in evolution and set the stage for unprecedented increases in complexity, especially in land plants and animals. Here, we explore the genetics underlying a de novo origin of multicellularity in a microbial evolution experiment carried out on the green alga Chlam...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.180912
更新日期:2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Heteroepitaxial growth of aluminum nitride (AIN) has been explored by experiments, but the corresponding growth mechanism is still unrevealed. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to study effects of temperature and N : Al flux ratio on deposited AlN. When the temperature increases from 1000 K to 2000 K with an...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.180629
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Batch experiments were conducted to test the effects of various solution properties, such as pH, temperature, initial concentration and anoxic and aerobic atmosphere, on Cd removal by nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) supported on industrial coal fly ash. Cd (II) could be removed by adsorption on fly ash-nZVI in a very...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171051
更新日期:2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer today in women. The main avenue of diagnosis is through manual examination of histopathology tissue slides. Such a process is often subjective and error-ridden, suffering from both inter- and intraobserver variability. Our objective is to develop an automatic ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160558
更新日期:2016-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Microbes living in stagnant water typically rely on chemical diffusion to draw nutrients from their environment. The sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Thiovulum majus and the ciliate Uronemella have independently evolved the ability to form a 'veil', a centimetre-scale mucous sheet on which cells organize to produce a macros...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.150437
更新日期:2015-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The clypeasteroid echinoid skeleton is a multi-plated, light-weight shell construction produced by biomineralization processes. In shell constructions, joints between individual elements are considered as weak points, yet these echinoid skeletons show an extensive preservation potential in both Recent and fossil envir...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171323
更新日期:2018-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Four kinds of functional ionic liquids (ILs) ([C3SO3Hnmp]HSO4), 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-1-methylpyrrolidone phosphate ([C3SO3Hnmp]H2PO4), 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-1-methylpyrrolidone p-toluene sulfonate ([C3SO3Hnmp]CH3SO3H) and 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-1-methylpyrrolidone methyl sulfonate ([C3SO3Hnmp]C6H6SO3H)) were prepared and the cata...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190166
更新日期:2019-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::The appearance and shape of sesamoid bones within a tendon or ligament wrapping around a joint are understood to be influenced by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Ostriches (Struthio camelus) possess two sesamoid patellae (kneecaps), one of which (the distal patella) is unique to their lineage, making them a good ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170133
更新日期:2017-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::A carefully designed map can reduce pedestrians' cognitive load during wayfinding and may be an especially useful navigation aid in crowded public environments. In the present paper, we report three studies that investigated the effects of map complexity and crowd movement on wayfinding time, accuracy and hesitation u...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.191523
更新日期:2020-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180687.]. ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1098/rsos.191986
更新日期:2019-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally recognized that dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol are good media to uniformly disperse graphene, and therefore have been used widely in the preparation of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites. However, as a solvent to disperse graphene, dichlorobenzene (DCB) has not been fully realized by the polymer commun...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170778
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::The phylogenetic relationships of the recently described genus †Ticinolepis from the Middle Triassic of the Monte San Giorgio are explored through cladistic analyses of the so far largest morphological dataset for fossil actinopterygians, including representatives of the crown-neopterygian clades Halecomorphi, Ginglym...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.172337
更新日期:2018-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce 14 articles published as part of the 'New talent' special collection of invited articles to showcase some of the exciting work being funded by the Royal Society. As Royal Society University Research Fellows or Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship holders, the contributors to this collection are rising stars in thei...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.181141
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::There is a new associative learning paradox. The power of associative learning for producing flexible behaviour in non-human animals is downplayed or ignored by researchers in animal cognition, whereas artificial intelligence research shows that associative learning models can beat humans in chess. One phenomenon in w...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.180778
更新日期:2018-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::We present a novel way of using a dynamical model for predictive tracking control that can adapt to a wide range of delays without parameter update. This is achieved by incorporating the paradigm of anticipating synchronization (AS), where a 'slave' system predicts a 'master' via delayed self-feedback. By treating the...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171314
更新日期:2018-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to produce ethylene using the calcium carbide route, acetylene from calcium carbide and then selective hydrogenation of the high-concentration acetylene to ethylene. A series of catalysts with different supports, such as Al2O3, SiO2 and MCM-41, were prepared using the ethylene glycol reduction method a...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.191155
更新日期:2019-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Low levels of heterozygosity can have detrimental effects on life history and growth characteristics of organisms but more subtle effects such as those on trade-offs of expensive tissues and morphological laterality, especially of the brain, have not been explicitly tested. The objective of the current study was to in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170989
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Within the framework of The Heterogeneous dust Evolution Model for Interstellar Solids (THEMIS), this work explores the surface processes and chemistry relating to core/mantle interstellar and cometary grain structures and their influence on the nature of these fascinating particles. It appears that a realistic consid...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160224
更新日期:2016-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Whole-transcriptome technologies have been widely used in behavioural genetics to identify genes associated with the performance of a behaviour and provide clues to its mechanistic basis. Here, we consider the genetic basis of sex allocation behaviour in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Female Nasonia facultat...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171718
更新日期:2018-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Natural selection favours a restricted host breadth in disease vector mosquitoes, indicating that there is an adaptive value associated with maintaining plasticity in host preference. One mechanism to maintain such plasticity is via the detection of generic cues by conserved peripheral olfactory pathways, which when p...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160467
更新日期:2016-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Selection among alternative theoretical models given an observed dataset is an important challenge in many areas of physics and astronomy. Reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) is an extremely powerful technique for performing Bayesian model selection, but it suffers from a fundamental difficulty and it re...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.150030
更新日期:2015-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::As top predators, crocodilians have an acute sense of hearing that is useful for their social life and for probing their environment in hunting situations. Although previous studies suggest that crocodilians are able to localize the position of a sound source, how they do this remains largely unknown. In this study, w...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190423
更新日期:2019-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::A polycarboxylic/ether composite polymer electrolyte derived from two-arm monomer and polyethylene oxide (PEO) was in situ synthesized on the cathode. The composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 3.6 × 10-5 S cm-1, high oxidation stability, excellent stability towards Li metal and makes Li/LiFePO4 p...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.200598
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00