Abstract：
:Metabolic fate of [8-14C]adenosine was studied in primary cultures of either astrocytes or neurons from the mouse brain. In astrocytes the main metabolic route was the formation of nucleotides. Thus, synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) amounted to about 0.2 nmol X min-1 X mg-1 protein. The deamination occurred less rapidly. The total rate of formation of inosine was difficult to establish because a considerable amount of labeled inosine accumulated in the medium. The initial incorporation of radioactivity into inosine in the medium was extremely rapid, probably because of the action of an ectoenzyme. However, the labeling of inosine in the medium also continued to increase slowly throughout the incubation, maybe as a result of release of intracellularly formed inosine. The total inosine formation rate during the incubation amounted to at most 0.1 nmol X min-1 X mg-1. Hypoxanthine was formed at a corresponding rate but was released to a lesser extent. In neurons much less label was incorporated into ATP. The major metabolite was inosine, formed intracellularly at a rate of 0.2 nmol X min-1 X mg-1. In addition, there was an immediate rapid labeling of inosine (and to a lesser extent hypoxanthine) in the medium, again suggesting the action of an ectoenzyme. Neither neurons nor astrocytes released a measurable amount of nucleotides to the medium. The cellular differences in adenosine metabolism are probably of relevance for the interpretation of adenosine metabolism in brain in situ. The ectoenzyme may be of importance for rapid termination of the neuromodulator activity of adenosine, and the rapid nucleotide formation in astrocytes is in agreement with a high metabolic activity of these cells.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Matz H,Hertz Ldoi
10.1002/jnr.490240218subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-01 00:00:00pages
260-7issue
2eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Brain zinc homeostasis is strictly controlled under healthy conditions, indicating the importance of zinc for physiological function in the brain. A part of zinc in the brain exists in the synaptic vesicles, is released from a subclass of glutamatergic neurons (i.e., zincergic neurons), and serves as a signal factor (...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.23385
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolite levels in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Parkinson disease or Huntington chorea were compared with the levels in healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. No significant differences were found for any metabolite measured in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Parkinson diseas...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1097-4547(20000615)60:6<779::AID-JNR10>3.0
更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) is a unique glial cell able to support neurite outgrowth in the CNS throughout life. The OEC has been described as having both Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The purpose of this study was to compare gap junctional communication and connexin (Cx) expression in...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.1182
更新日期：2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a surface marker of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in various species. In contrast to well-studied rat OPCs, however, we found that purified mouse NG2 surface positive cells (NG2(+) cells) require additional activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling for survival in a m...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22262
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) culture at physiologically normoxic conditions (2-5% O2) is advantageous in terms of neuronal differentiation and survival. Neuronal differentiation is accompanied by a remarkable shift to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism compared with preferentially glyco...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23615
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Larval acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase) EC 3.1.3.7 of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni was characterized and purified by affinity chromatography. The enzyme was solubilized from sonicated cercarial tissue and showed a Km value of 1.83 mM and a Vmax value of 102 U/mg protein. It was characterized a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490150413
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (HCN) are key determinants of CNS functions. Here we describe an increase in hyperpolarization-activated current (I(h)) at the beginning of whole-cell recordings in rat layer 5 cortical neurons. For a closer investigation of this I(h) increase, we overex...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22475
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular and behavioral timekeeping is regulated by the circadian system which includes the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that translates environmental light information into neuronal and endocrine signals aligning peripheral tissue rhythms to the time of day. Despite the critical role of circadian rhythms in...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24606
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An early and essential step in the formation of functional neuronal circuits is the establishment of cell polarity, a process involving the morphological and functional differentiation of the axon (axonogenesis). We now report that treatment of cultured embryonic hippocampal neurons with ethidium bromide (EtBr; an age...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990401)56:1<8::AID-JNR2>
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the effect of chronic exposure to ethanol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the responsiveness of cerebellar granule cells to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Cerebellar granule cell cultures were chronically exposed to ethanol (100 mM), BDNF (20 ng/ml), or the combination of ethanol a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10694
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed at determining, based on independent predictors of taste intensity and emotional response, whether individual personality traits could affect prediction models of overall liking and preference rank toward basic taste solutions. Sixty-seven participants rated taste intensities (TI) of four basic-taste ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24321
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increase in myelin basic protein (MBP) synthesis observed in brain aggregate cultures supplemented with macrophages is reflected in elevated supernatant protein levels of the key promoters of oligodendrocyte proliferation, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), during t...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10837
更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the endoplasmic retculum (ER) quality-control system work in concert to ensure that proteins are correctly folded in the ER and that misfolded proteins are retrotransported to the cytosol for degradation by proteasomes. Dysfunction of either system results in...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23413
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soluble oligomeric aggregates of the amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide are believed to be the most neurotoxic A beta species affecting the brain in Alzheimer disease (AD), a terminal neurodegenerative disorder involving severe cognitive decline underscored by initial synaptic dysfunction and later extensive neuronal death...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22445
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using morphological, immunocytochemical, and functional parameters we have previously shown that highly purified adult rat microglial cells undergo a process of "activation" when cultured in a serum-containing medium in the absence of added proinflammatory substances or other factors (Slepko and Levi: Glia 16:241-246,...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19970801)49:3<292::aid-jnr
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efficient functioning of maintenance and repair processes seem to be crucial for both survival and physical quality of life. This is accomplished by a complex network of the so-called longevity assurance processes, under control of several genes termed vitagenes. These include members of the heat shock protein system,...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20386
更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have identified a group of cells in the dorsolateral hypothalamus that project to many different areas in the CNS, such as thalamus, diagonal band of Broca, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb. Their role is presently unknown, but the cells have been reported to stain for a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490310415
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent but with significant ototoxic side effects. Apoptosis is an important mechanism of cochlear hair cell loss following exposure to an ototoxic level of cisplatin. The present study investigated the effects of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) ligand JWH-015 on cispla...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21168
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cutaneous electroreceptor "tuberous organs" of the lateral line system of Eigenmannia virescens were studied at light and electron microscopic levels with immunohistochemical and autoradiographic techniques after sectioning of the posterior branch of the lateral line nerve. After deafferentation total degeneration...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490390506
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, we reported that chelation of intracellular zinc with N, N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN)-induced macromolecule synthesis-dependent apoptosis of cultured cortical neurons. According to the current theory of apoptosis, release of mitochondrial cytochrome C into the cytosol is required...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1097-4547(20000901)61:5<508::AID-JNR5>3.0.
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite a large body of literature on the nociceptin (NC) opioid system in pain modulation, the mechanism of action of NC remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the role and mode of action of the spinal NC system in inflammatory pain. Preemptive intrathecal administration of NC attenuated thermal hyperalges...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21272
更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured rat mesencephalic neurons were used to assess the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transport blockers on toxicity caused by malonate, a reversible, competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. Previous studies utilizing an ex vivo chick retinal preparation have shown that GABA release and cell s...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.1052
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. A deficiency of GABAergic inhibition mediated via the GABAA receptor complex has for a long time been suspected to be a central factor in epileptogenesis. Status epilepticus is a condition of sustained and prolonged excitation of...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19981215)54:6<863::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:As a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, serotonin (5-HT) influences neuronal outgrowth in the nervous systems of several species. In PC12 cells, 5-HT is known to have neuritogenic effects, although the signal transduction pathway responsible for these effects is not understood. In this study, we hypothesized that a ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20894
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibitors of differentiation (Id) play an essential role in the neurogenesis of the central nervous system. However, the expression and function of Id in the development of cochlear sensory epithelial cells have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate the Id1 gene was expressed in the rapidly growing otoc...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21133
更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In cultured Schwann cells, single-channel and whole-cell K+ currents can be activated by depolarizing the membrane to values more negative than -50 mV. In elevated extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o), however, single-channel activity and whole-cell currents could be recorded at more negative potentials. Thus, the t...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280208
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several recently discovered lines of evidence support the involvement of myelin basic protein (BP)-specific T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS). To identify potentially relevant immunodominant T cell epitopes, human BP (Hu-BP)-reactive T cell lines were selected from MS and normal donors and tested for reactivity to cl...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280215
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is growing evidence on the existence of endogenous ouabain-like factors that modulate Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity. In this laboratory, two soluble subfractions (peaks I and II) were previously separated from rat cerebral cortex, which had opposite effects on Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity. Peak I stimulated and peak II...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280303
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A-type K+ channels (IA channels) contribute to learning and memory mechanisms by regulating neuronal excitabilities in the CNS, and their expression level is targeted by Ca2+ influx via synaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs) during long-term potentiation (LTP). However, it is not clear how local synaptic Ca2+ changes induce...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24076
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were used to characterize the changes in morphology, distribution pattern, and marker protein expression of striatal interneurons in the transition zone of striatal injury induced by 3-NP. The 3-NP treatment in rats yielded movement, motor coordination, and cogniti...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22591
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
