Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:Morphine is widely used to treat chronic pain. However, its utility is hindered by the development of tolerance to its analgesic effects. Despite the renowned beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive functions and signs of morphine withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats, little is known about the roles of voluntary and forced exercises in tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this study, rats were injected with 10 mg/kg of morphine, once daily, SC over a period of 8 days of either voluntary or treadmill exercise. Following these injections, the percent of maximum possible effect (%MPE) of morphine was measured on the 1(st), 4(th), and 8(th) days by hot plate test. RESULTS:Both voluntary and forced exercises significantly increased pain threshold compared to the sedentary group (P<0.05). Voluntary and forced exercises also significantly increased potency of morphine compared to sedentary morphine group (P<0.05). Thus, we concluded that voluntary and forced exercises blocked the development of tolerance during 8 daily simultaneously treatments. When exercising rats were returned to sedentary conditions, sensitivity to the analgesic effects of morphine increased significantly and persisted during sedentary period in the exercising rats. In other words, %MPE of the exercising morphine-group increased significantly compared to saline group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Our results showed that voluntary and forced exercises may be possible methods for treating the development of tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine in rats.
journal_name
Iran J Basic Med Scijournal_title
Iranian journal of basic medical sciencesauthors
Shokraviyan M,Miladi-Gorji H,Vaezi GHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
271-7issue
4eissn
2008-3866issn
2008-3874journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the current study was to assess the feasibility of microspheres from biocompatible polymer for oral bioavailability (BA) enhancement of potent sulfonamide- type loop diuretic- Furosemide - which used in the treatment of congestive heart failure, caused edema, cirrhosis, renal disease and as an...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Pharmacological studies showed that the extracts of Jin Yin Hua and its active constituents have lipid lowering, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, antimicrobial, antibiotic, antioxidative, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protectiv...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Lectin-like low density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) has pivot role in vascular complications, which is upregulated in numerous pathological conditions. Since exercise has beneficial effects in prevention of hyperlipidemic complications, present study examined protective effects of aerobic exercise through r...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Intracerebral injection of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) is being investigated as a therapeutic tool to prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our aim was to investigate the effects of BMSCs by intrathecal injection in AD rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:BMSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of Wistar rat...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:The role of growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor of activated omentum on mitosis is clearly known, though not on all the aspects of in vitro oocyte maturation. This study was designed to assess the effect of activated-omental extract (AOE) on in vitro maturation (IVM) of rat cumulus-oo...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9622
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), an intracellular pathogen, causes 1.5 million deaths globally. Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is commonly administered to protect people against M. tuberculosis infection; however, there are some obstacles with this first-generation vaccine. DNA vaccines, the thir...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2020.41806.9881
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Opioids and cannabinoids are two important compounds that have been shown to influence the activity of magnocellular neurons (MCNs) of supraoptic nucleus (SON). The interaction between opioidergic and cannabinoidergic systems in various structures of the brain and spinal cord is now well established, but not...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Objective(s ): Targeting the neuropeptide systems has been shown to be useful for the development of more effective antipsychotic drugs. Neurotensin, an endogenous neuropeptide, appears to be involved in the mechanism of action of antipsychotics. However, the available data provide conflicting results and th...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to prepare, characterize, and evaluate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO). MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this study, Z. multiflora essential oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (ZE-SLNs) were prepared to improve its efficiency in c...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:HTLVI-1 is the first human retrovirus with limited endemic regions in the world. The epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic background and immune response to the virus have a significant role in HTLV-I-associated diseases. Among the genes are involved in HTLV-I infection, the role of human leuko...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer testis antigens (CTAs), a large family of tumor-associated and immunogenic antigens expressed in human tumors of various histological origins, are highly restricted to the testis and trophoblast. CTAs have been identified as potent targets for tumor-specific immunotherapeutic advances and have immensely lead to...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
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更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In previous studies, researchers observed that doxepin could improve cognitive processes and has protective effects on the central nervous system. Thus, this study was designed to analyze the effects of doxepin on β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced memory impairment and neuronal toxicity in rat and to explore the underl...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9274
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE(S):PDE3 has a functional role in insulin secretion and action. We investigated the metabolic effects of new synthetic PDE3 inhibitors (mc1, mc2, mc5 and mc6), on mice and hyperglycemic rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The test compound or solvent was injected subcutaneously to mice, for 7 days. On day 8, blood and...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE(S):The effect of prolonged overtraining on cytokine kinetics was compared with moderate exercise in the present study. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control sedentary (C), moderate trained (MT), (V=20 m/min, 30 min/day for 6 days a week, 8 weeks), overtrained (OT) (V=25 m/...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:Inflammation is involved in various forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although the pathophysiology of PAH remains uncertain, NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) has been reported to be associated with many inflammatory mediators of PAH. This study aimed to evaluate the eff...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2018.25399.6280
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The utilization of molecular techniques in the epidemiology of tuberculosis have provided an opportunity for using effective markers to trace the transmission of the disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the genetic patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by three methods of RFLP technique. MATER...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Asthma results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. ADAM33 gene on chromosome 20p13 is associated with asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a case-control study, where four SNPs S1 (rs3918396), T1 (rs2280091), T2 (rs2280090), V4 (rs2787094) of ADAM3...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:The present study investigated the prevalence of genes encoding for exotoxins, adhesion and biofilm factors in Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from samples in a referral burn hospital in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods:S. aureus isolates obtained from patients, personnel and surfaces in the ward...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2019.34908.8291
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Endometriosis is a complex gynecologic disease with unknown etiology. Noscapine has been introduced as a cancer cell suppressor. Endometriosis was considered as a cancer like disorder, The aim of present study was to investigate noscapine apoptotic effect on human endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells i...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE(S):Pre-eclampsia is characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, and increased systemic inflammatory response and has been associated with an increased maternal risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Endothelial dysfunction is thought to be a central pathogenic feature in pre-eclampsia on the basis of ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:Eupafolin, a major active component of Eupatorium perfoliatum L., has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is responsible for myocardial depression. A line of evidences revealed that LPS induces autophagy in cardiomyocytes injury. This study aims to evaluate the effects of ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2019.37748.8977
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Nitric oxide (NO), a product of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), contributes in germ cell apoptosis. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Aloe vera gel (AVG) on male Wistar rat reproductive organ, serum NO level, and expression of iNOS gene in leydig cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Adult male...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Neuroprotective effect of creatine (Cr) against β-amyloid (Aβ) is reported in an in vitro study. This study investigated the effect of Cr supplementation on β-amyloid toxicity in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty two, male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. During ten weeks of study, control group wen...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that an antiarrhythmic effect might be obtained by ischemic preconditioning of the liver, and also to characterize the potential underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Male Wistar rats were anesthetized by thiopental sodium (50 mg/kg, IP) followed by IV injec...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) by enteric bacteria continues to be a major problem in hospitals and community. ESBLs producing bacteria cause many serious infections including urinary tract infections, peritonitis, cholangitis and intra-abdominal abscess. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/IJBMS.2017.24707.6138
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerful stimulant drug that directly affects the brain and induces neurological deficits. B12 is a water-soluble vitamin (vit) that is reported to attenuate neuronal degeneration. The goal of the present study is to investigate the effect of vitamin B12 on METH's neurodegenerativ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/IJBMS.2018.23362.5897
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2019.36892.8789
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Fabaceae is the third largest family of flowering plants. Lack of essential oils in the plants of this family can be considered as an advantage and can favor them in search for safe and antiepileptic medicines. The effects of Fabacea family plants including Ebenus stellata (E. stellata), Sophora alopecuroide...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The Muller cell is the principal glial cell of the vertebrate retina. The expression of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the Muller cells was used as a cellular marker for retinal damage. This study was done to evaluate the effect of gestational diabetes on retinal Muller cells in rat's offspring. ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.22038/ijbms.2017.8251
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
