(Finite) statistical size effects on compressive strength.

abstract：:Previous studies have shown changes in membrane properties of neurons in rat deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) as a function of development, but due to technical difficulties in obtaining viable DCN slices from adult animals, it remains unclear whether there are learning-related alterations in the membrane properties of DC...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang D,Smith-Bell CA,Burhans LB,O'Dell DE,Bell RW,Schreurs BG

更新日期：2018-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The structures of the major folding intermediate, the transition state for folding, and the folded state of barnase have been previously characterized. We now add a further step toward a complete picture of the folding of barnase by reporting the backbone 15N, 13C, and 1H NMR assignments for barnase unfolded at pH 1.8...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arcus VL,Vuilleumier S,Freund SM,Bycroft M,Fersht AR

更新日期：1994-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of HeLa cells with poliovirus results in an inhibition of host-cell protein synthesis. Cytoplasmic extracts from infected cells contian an activity that inhibits initiation of protein synthesis in vitro by rabbit reticulocyte lysates. This inhibitory activity has been purified and characterized, and is shown...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ehrenfeld E,Hunt T

更新日期：1971-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial memory enhances an organism's navigational ability. Memory typically resides within the brain, but what if an organism has no brain? We show that the brainless slime mold Physarum polycephalum constructs a form of spatial memory by avoiding areas it has previously explored. This mechanism allows the slime mold...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reid CR,Latty T,Dussutour A,Beekman M

更新日期：2012-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic comparison of rRNA sequences has suggested that a pseudoknot structure exists in the central domain of small-subunit rRNA. In Escherichia coli 16S rRNA, this pseudoknot would form when positions 570 and 571 pair with positions 865 and 866. Mutations were introduced into this pseudoknot at the phylogenetic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vila A,Viril-Farley J,Tapprich WE

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Lithium ion at concentrations between 2 and 20 mM simulated the stimulatory effects of insulin on the uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, synthesis of RNA and DNA, and cell multiplication in mouse mammary gland explants cultured in a chemically defined synthetic medium. Other monovalent cations were virtually ineffe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hori C,Oka T

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infant maltreatment increases vulnerability to physical and mental disorders, yet specific mechanisms embedded within this complex infant experience that induce this vulnerability remain elusive. To define critical features of maltreatment-induced vulnerability, rat pups were reared from postnatal day 8 (PN8) with a m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raineki C,Opendak M,Sarro E,Showler A,Bui K,McEwen BS,Wilson DA,Sullivan RM

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:How did language evolve? A popular approach points to the similarities between the ontogeny and phylogeny of language. Young children's language and nonhuman primates' signing both appear formulaic with limited syntactic combinations, thereby suggesting a degree of continuity in their cognitive abilities. To evaluate ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang C

更新日期：2013-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:For the polypentapeptide of elastin, (L-Val-L-Pro-Gly-L-Val-Gly)n, and appropriate analogs when suitably cross-linked, it has been previously demonstrated that development of elastomeric force at fixed length and length changes at fixed load occur as the result of an inverse temperature transition, with the temperatur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urry DW,Haynes B,Zhang H,Harris RD,Prasad KU

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously demonstrated in a series of searches for antithrombotic agents that diadenosine 5',5"'-P1,P4-tetraphosphate (AppppA) and its analogues are competitive inhibitors of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Among various analogues, the P2,P3-monochloromethylene analog of AppppA (AppCHClppA) is superior to u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chan SW,Gallo SJ,Kim BK,Guo MJ,Blackburn GM,Zamecnik PC

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies show that plant organ positioning may be mediated by localized concentrations of the plant hormone auxin. Auxin patterning in the shoot apical meristem is in turn brought about by the subcellular polar distribution of the putative auxin efflux mediator, PIN1. However, the question of what signals determ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jönsson H,Heisler MG,Shapiro BE,Meyerowitz EM,Mjolsness E

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:In most animals, longevity is achieved at the expense of fertility, but queen honey bees do not show this tradeoff. Queens are both long-lived and fertile, whereas workers, derived from the same genome, are both relatively short-lived and normally sterile. It has been suggested, on the basis of results from workers, t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Corona M,Velarde RA,Remolina S,Moran-Lauter A,Wang Y,Hughes KA,Robinson GE

更新日期：2007-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Na(+)-channel inactivation is proposed to occur by binding of an intracellular inactivation gate to a hydrophobic inactivation gate receptor in the intracellular mouth of the pore. Amino acid residues in transmembrane segment S6 of domain IV (IVS6) that are critical for fast inactivation were identified by alanine-sca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McPhee JC,Ragsdale DS,Scheuer T,Catterall WA

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescent probes acridine orange and oxonol-V were used as indicators of pH gradients (DeltapH) and membrane potential differences (DeltaPsi), respectively, in membrane vesicles believed to be derived from the tonoplast of Beta vulgaris L. Low concentrations of nitrate (1-5 mM) caused a partial dissipation of bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blumwald E,Poole RJ

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current models of the formation and distribution of gold deposits on Earth are based on the long-standing paradigm that hydrogen sulfide and chloride are the ligands responsible for gold mobilization and precipitation by fluids across the lithosphere. Here we challenge this view by demonstrating, using in situ X-ray a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pokrovski GS,Kokh MA,Guillaume D,Borisova AY,Gisquet P,Hazemann JL,Lahera E,Del Net W,Proux O,Testemale D,Haigis V,Jonchière R,Seitsonen AP,Ferlat G,Vuilleumier R,Saitta AM,Boiron MC,Dubessy J

更新日期：2015-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative stabilities and structural properties of a representative set of 20 ALS-mutant Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase apoproteins were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry and hydrogen-deuterium (H/D) exchange followed by MS. Contrary to recent reports from other laboratories, we found that ALS-mutant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rodriguez JA,Shaw BF,Durazo A,Sohn SH,Doucette PA,Nersissian AM,Faull KF,Eggers DK,Tiwari A,Hayward LJ,Valentine JS

更新日期：2005-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes experiments in which cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and catecholamine release were measured in two populations of chromaffin cells stimulated with a solution enriched in K+ (100 mM). Once depolarized, external Ca2+ or Ba2+ ions were offered to cells either as a single 2.5 mM step or as a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michelena P,García-Pérez LE,Artalejo AR,García AG

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter is regulated by steroid hormones through a hormone-responsive region that is organized in a positioned nucleosome. Hormone induction leads to a structural change of this nucleosome which makes its DNA more sensitive to cleavage by DNase I and enables simultaneous binding o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bartsch J,Truss M,Bode J,Beato M

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three lines of evidence for abrupt tropical climate change, both past and present, are presented. First, annually and decadally averaged delta(18)O and net mass-balance histories for the last 400 and 2,000 yr, respectively, demonstrate that the current warming at high elevations in the mid- to low latitudes is unprece...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson LG,Mosley-Thompson E,Brecher H,Davis M,León B,Les D,Lin PN,Mashiotta T,Mountain K

更新日期：2006-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Predicting climate change impact on ecosystem structure and services is one of the most important challenges in ecology. Until now, plant species response to climate change has been described at the level of fixed plant functional types, an approach limited by its inflexibility as there is much interspecific functiona...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soudzilovskaia NA,Elumeeva TG,Onipchenko VG,Shidakov II,Salpagarova FS,Khubiev AB,Tekeev DK,Cornelissen JH

更新日期：2013-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations arise in a single individual and at a single point in time and space. The geographic distribution of mutations reflects both historical population size and frequency of migration. We employ coalescence-based methods to coestimate effective population size, frequency of migration, and level of recombination c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morrell PL,Lundy KE,Clegg MT

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of Chinese hamster cells to reduced oxygen partial pressure results in a marked enhancement in the frequency of methotrexate resistance and dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification. The frequency of enhanced resistance is a function of the length of exposure to hypoxic conditions and the time after recovery...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rice GC,Hoy C,Schimke RT

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloroplasts have evolved from a cyanobacterial endosymbiont and been retained for more than 1 billion years by coordinated chloroplast division in multiplying eukaryotic cells. Chloroplast division is performed by ring structures at the division site, encompassing both the inside and the outside of the two envelopes....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miyagishima SY,Kuwayama H,Urushihara H,Nakanishi H

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The posterodorsal part of the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MeAp) receives its major sensory input from the accessory olfactory bulb and projects massively to the medial preoptic nucleus and other sexually dimorphic hypothalamic nuclei thought to play key roles in mediating steroid-sensitive reproductive functions. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simerly RB,Young BJ,Capozza MA,Swanson LW

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rap phosphatases are a recently discovered family of protein aspartate phosphatases that dephosphorylate the Spo0F--P intermediate of the phosphorelay, thus preventing sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. They are regulators induced by physiological processes that are antithetical to sporulation. The RapA phosphatase is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Perego M,Hoch JA

更新日期：1996-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe and test a Markov chain model of microsatellite evolution that can explain the different distributions of microsatellite lengths across different organisms and repeat motifs. Two key features of this model are the dependence of mutation rates on microsatellite length and a mutation process that includes bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kruglyak S,Durrett RT,Schug MD,Aquadro CF

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The self-assembled heterocapsule 1.2, which is formed by the hydrogen bonds of tetra(4-pyridyl)-cavitand 1 and tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-cavitand 2, encapsulates 1 molecule of guests such as 1,4-diacetoxybenzene 3a, 1,4-diacetoxy-2,5-dimethylbenzene 3b, 1,4-diacetoxy-2,5-dialkoxybenzenes (3c, OCH(3); 3d, OC(2)H(5); 3e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kitagawa H,Kobori Y,Yamanaka M,Yoza K,Kobayashi K

更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:S-nitrosylation, the selective modification of cysteine residues in proteins to form S-nitrosocysteine, is a major emerging mechanism by which nitric oxide acts as a signaling molecule. Even though nitric oxide is intimately involved in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell functions, the potential protein tar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greco TM,Hodara R,Parastatidis I,Heijnen HF,Dennehy MK,Liebler DC,Ischiropoulos H

更新日期：2006-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We have tested the extent of immune self-tolerance to the ubiquitously expressed nuclear/cytoplasmic autoantigens La (SS-B) and Ro (SS-A) in healthy, nonautoimmune mice. Immunization of mice with recombinant mouse La resulted in a specific, isotype-switched autoantibody response, which was initially directed toward th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Topfer F,Gordon T,McCluskey J

更新日期：1995-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining the principal energy-transfer pathways responsible for allosteric communication in biomolecules remains challenging, partially due to the intrinsic complexity of the systems and the lack of effective characterization methods. In this work, we introduce the eigenvector centrality metric based on mutual info...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Negre CFA,Morzan UN,Hendrickson HP,Pal R,Lisi GP,Loria JP,Rivalta I,Ho J,Batista VS

更新日期：2018-12-26 00:00:00