Compound facial expressions of emotion.

abstract：:K+ channels, which have been linked to regulation of electrogenic solute transport as well as Ca2+ influx, represent a locus in hepatocytes for the concerted actions of hormones that employ Ca2+ and cAMP as intracellular messengers. Despite considerable study, the single-channel basis for synergistic effects of Ca2+ a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lidofsky SD

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1999, the population of Vancouver Island, Canada, began to experience an outbreak of a fatal fungal disease caused by a highly virulent lineage of Cryptococcus gattii. This organism has recently spread to the Canadian mainland and Pacific Northwest, but the molecular cause of the outbreak remains unknown. Here we s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma H,Hagen F,Stekel DJ,Johnston SA,Sionov E,Falk R,Polacheck I,Boekhout T,May RC

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncompetitive inhibitors of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors suppress cation flux directly by binding in and blocking the open channel or indirectly by stabilizing closed states of the receptor. The lidocaine derivative QX-314 and the acridine derivative quinacrine act directly as open channel blockers, bu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu Y,Shi L,Karlin A

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gal operon of Escherichia coli is negatively regulated by repressor binding to bipartite operators separated by 11 helical turns of DNA. Synergistic binding of repressor to separate sites on DNA results in looping, with the intervening DNA as a topologically closed domain containing the two promoters. A closed DNA...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choy HE,Park SW,Parrack P,Adhya S

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A discussion of the range of applicability of Forster long-range energy transfer in the determination of macromolecular dimensions and conformational dynamics is given. Emphasis is laid on the effect of restrictions in the orientational freedom of donor and acceptor and on the importance of the orientational averaging...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dale RE,Eisinger J

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Steep topography, a tropical climate, and mafic lithologies contribute to efficient chemical weathering and carbon sequestration in the Southeast Asian islands. Ongoing arc-continent collision between the Sunda-Banda arc system and Australia has increased the area of subaerially exposed land in the region since the mi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park Y,Maffre P,Goddéris Y,Macdonald FA,Anttila ESC,Swanson-Hysell NL

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the principal signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mammals, requires the binding of MD-2 to its extracellular domain for maximal responsiveness. MD-2 contains a leader sequence but lacks a transmembrane domain, and we asked whether it is secreted into the medium as an active ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Visintin A,Mazzoni A,Spitzer JA,Segal DM

更新日期：2001-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The rhizobium-legume symbiosis has been widely studied as the model of mutualistic evolution and the essential component of sustainable agriculture. Extensive genetic and recent genomic studies have led to the hypothesis that many distinct strategies, regardless of rhizobial phylogeny, contributed to the varied rhizob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian CF,Zhou YJ,Zhang YM,Li QQ,Zhang YZ,Li DF,Wang S,Wang J,Gilbert LB,Li YR,Chen WX

更新日期：2012-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Schaftoside and isoschaftoside are bioactive natural products widely distributed in higher plants including cereal crops and medicinal herbs. Their biosynthesis may be related with plant defense. However, little is known on the glycosylation biosynthetic pathway of these flavonoid di-C-glycosides with different sugar ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang ZL,Gao HM,Wang S,Zhang M,Chen K,Zhang YQ,Wang HD,Han BY,Xu LL,Song TQ,Yun CH,Qiao X,Ye M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used a membrane-leak mass spectrometer to follow the time courses of H2 evolution and substrate reduction by nitrogenase [reduced ferredoxin:dinitrogen oxidoreductase (ATP-hydrolyzing), EC 1.18.6.1]. In the absence of added substrates, dinitrogenase passes all of its electrons to protons to form H2, but when a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liang J,Burris RH

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosins, a large family of actin-based motors, have one or two heavy chains with one or more light chains associated with each heavy chain. The heavy chains have a (generally) N-terminal head domain with an ATPase and actin-binding site, followed by a neck domain to which the light chains bind, and a C-terminal tail d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Korn ED

更新日期：2000-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The metal-binding motif in the sequence of leukotriene A4 (LTA4) (EC 3.3.2.6), a bifunctional zinc metalloenzyme, contains a glutamic acid that is conserved in several zinc hydrolases. To study its role for the two catalytic activities, Glu-296 in mouse leukotriene A4 hydrolase was replaced by a glutamine or alanine r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wetterholm A,Medina JF,Rådmark O,Shapiro R,Haeggström JZ,Vallee BL,Samuelsson B

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although gamma/delta T cells express numerous in vitro functions similar to alpha/beta T cells, little is known about their biological functioning in vivo. Furthermore, it is unclear whether alpha/beta T cells and gamma/delta T cells act independently or in a coordinated way. In the present study, gamma/delta T cells ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufmann SH,Blum C,Yamamoto S

更新日期：1993-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sugar compartmentation into vacuoles of higher plants is a very important physiological process, providing extra space for transient and long-term sugar storage and contributing to the osmoregulation of cell turgor and shape. Despite the long-standing knowledge of this subcellular sugar partitioning, the proteins resp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aluri S,Büttner M

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs (sRNAs) are hypothesized to contribute to hybrid vigor because they maintain genome integrity, contribute to genetic diversity, and control gene expression. We used Illumina sequencing to assess how sRNA populations vary between two maize inbred lines (B73 and Mo17) and their hybrid. We sampled sRNAs from t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barber WT,Zhang W,Win H,Varala KK,Dorweiler JE,Hudson ME,Moose SP

更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of translation is critical for maintaining cellular protein levels, and thus protein homeostasis. The conserved RNA-binding protein CsrA (also called RsmA; for carbon storage regulator and regulator of secondary metabolism, respectively; hereafter called CsrA) represents a well-characterized example of regu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Altegoer F,Rensing SA,Bange G

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Application of hydrostatic pressure shifts protein conformational equilibria in a direction to reduce the volume of the system. A current view is that the volume reduction is dominated by elimination of voids or cavities in the protein interior via cavity hydration, although an alternative mechanism wherein cavities a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerch MT,López CJ,Yang Z,Kreitman MJ,Horwitz J,Hubbell WL

更新日期：2015-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously it was shown that yeast ADA2 protein is necessary for the full activity of some activation domains, such as VP16 and GCN4, in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that ADA2 protein functions as a transcriptional coactivator or adaptor that bridges the interaction between certain acidic activation domain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silverman N,Agapite J,Guarente L

更新日期：1994-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial fatty acid derivatives are emerging as promising alternatives to fossil fuel derived transportation fuels. Among bacterial fatty acid synthases (FAS), the Escherichia coli FAS is perhaps the most well studied, but little is known about its steady-state kinetic behavior. Here we describe the reconstitution of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu X,Liu T,Zhu F,Khosla C

更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-ras family is a set of c-onc genes that are highly conserved in vertebrates. The genes in this family are homologous to the transforming genes of Harvey and Kirsten murine sarcoma viruses (v-Ha-ras and v-Ki-ras, respectively). Using an in situ molecular hybridization method, we detected three sites on the human ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jhanwar SC,Neel BG,Hayward WS,Chaganti RS

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although introduced hemosporidian (malaria) parasites (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) have hastened the extinction of endemic bird species in the Hawaiian Islands and perhaps elsewhere, little is known about the temporal dynamics of endemic malaria parasite populations. Haemosporidian parasites do not leave informative fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soares L,Latta SC,Ricklefs RE

更新日期：2017-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Our main goal is to analyze the geometric and spectral properties of the Picard modular group with Gaussian integer entries acting on the two-dimensional complex hyperbolic space. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Francsics G,Lax PD

更新日期：2006-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Habituation is a form of simple memory that suppresses neural activity in response to repeated, neutral stimuli. This process is critical in helping organisms guide attention toward the most salient and novel features in the environment. Here, we follow known circuit mechanisms in the fruit fly olfactory system to der...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shen Y,Dasgupta S,Navlakha S

更新日期：2020-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics and order of rearrangements in the gene complex encoding T-cell-receptor beta chains were studied by Southern blot hybridization in a collection of hybridomas derived from fetal thymocytes at various stages of ontogeny (day 14 to day 17). Our results show a steady increase in the frequency of rearranged b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Born W,Yagüe J,Palmer E,Kappler J,Marrack P

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite enormous body plan variation, genes regulating embryonic development are highly conserved. Here, we probe the mechanisms that predispose ancient regulatory genes to reutilization and diversification rather than evolutionary loss. The Hox gene fushi tarazu (ftz) arose as a homeotic gene but functions as a pair-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heffer A,Xiang J,Pick L

更新日期：2013-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Although de novo protein design is an important endeavor with implications for understanding protein folding, until now, structures have been determined for only a few 25- to 30-residue designed miniproteins. Here, the NMR solution structure of a complex 73-residue three-helix bundle protein, alpha3D, is reported. The...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walsh ST,Cheng H,Bryson JW,Roder H,DeGrado WF

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophage (phage) have attractive advantages as delivery systems compared with mammalian viruses, but have been considered poor vectors because they lack evolved strategies to confront and overcome mammalian cell barriers to infective agents. We reasoned that improved efficacy of delivery might be achieved through...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suwan K,Yata T,Waramit S,Przystal JM,Stoneham CA,Bentayebi K,Asavarut P,Chongchai A,Pothachareon P,Lee KY,Topanurak S,Smith TL,Gelovani JG,Sidman RL,Pasqualini R,Arap W,Hajitou A

更新日期：2019-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in nuclear K+ electrochemical activity and total nuclear K+ content in salivary glands of Chironomus tentans were measured with ion-selective microelectrodes based on valinomycin and with flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. The K+ activity increased by a factor of 2.6 and the total K+, by a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wuhrmann P,Ineichen H,Riesen-Willi U,Lezzi M

更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The p53 tumor suppressor protein and the MDM2 oncoprotein form a feedback-control loop that up-regulates cellular MDM2 production, blocks p53 activity, and promotes p53 decay. tsg101 was discovered as a gene whose deficiency results in neoplastic transformation of NIH 3T3 cells and the ability to generate metastatic t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Liao J,Ruland J,Mak TW,Cohen SN

更新日期：2001-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients have poor overall survival despite using irinotecan- or oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy combined with anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) drugs, especially those with the oncogene mutation of KRAS Metformin has been reported as a potentially novel antitumor agent in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie J,Xia L,Xiang W,He W,Yin H,Wang F,Gao T,Qi W,Yang Z,Yang X,Zhou T,Gao G

更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00