Abstract：
:Over the last 40 years it has become clear that telomeres, the end of the chromosomes, and the enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which is required to counteract their shortening, play a pivotal role in senescence and aging. However, over the last years several studies demonstrated that TERT belongs to the group of dual-targeted proteins. It contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal as well as a mitochondrial targeting sequence and, under physiological conditions, is found in both organelles in several cell types including terminally differentiated, post-mitotic cells. The canonical function of TERT is to prevent telomere erosion and thereby the development of replicative senescence and genetic instability. Besides telomere extension, TERT exhibits other non-telomeric activities such as cell cycle regulation, modulation of cellular signaling and gene expression, augmentation of proliferative lifespan as well as DNA damage responses. Mitochondrial TERT is able to reduce reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial DNA damage and apoptosis. Because of the localization of TERT in the nucleus and in the mitochondria, it must have different functions in the two organelles as mitochondrial DNA does not contain telomeric structures. However, the organelle-specific functions are not completely understood. Strikingly, the regulation by phosphorylation of TERT seems to reveal multiple parallels. This review will summarize the current knowledge about the cellular functions and post-translational regulation of the dual-targeted protein TERT.
journal_name
Exp Gerontoljournal_title
Experimental gerontologyauthors
Ale-Agha N,Dyballa-Rukes N,Jakob S,Altschmied J,Haendeler Jdoi
10.1016/j.exger.2014.02.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-08-01 00:00:00pages
189-93eissn
0531-5565issn
1873-6815pii
S0531-5565(14)00068-0journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan in a wide range of organisms. DR also reduces daily and lifetime fecundity. The latter may be an evolutionary adaptation to survive periods of food shortage. Reproductive rate is often negatively correlated with lifespan, and a reduced cost of reproduction could be the mechani...
journal_title：Experimental gerontology
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0531-5565(86)90017-3
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0531-5565(92)90034-w
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exger.2019.110780
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0531-5565(83)90031-1
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exger.2006.01.013
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exger.2019.110663
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0531-5565(01)00164-4
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.exger.2012.07.010
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
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更新日期：2018-10-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental gerontology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
