A phospho-BAD BH3 helix activates glucokinase by a mechanism distinct from that of allosteric activators.

Abstract:

:Glucokinase (GK) is a glucose-phosphorylating enzyme that regulates insulin release and hepatic metabolism, and its loss of function is implicated in diabetes pathogenesis. GK activators (GKAs) are attractive therapeutics in diabetes; however, clinical data indicate that their benefits can be offset by hypoglycemia, owing to marked allosteric enhancement of the enzyme's glucose affinity. We show that a phosphomimetic of the BCL-2 homology 3 (BH3) α-helix derived from human BAD, a GK-binding partner, increases the enzyme catalytic rate without dramatically changing glucose affinity, thus providing a new mechanism for pharmacologic activation of GK. Remarkably, BAD BH3 phosphomimetic mediates these effects by engaging a new region near the enzyme's active site. This interaction increases insulin secretion in human islets and restores the function of naturally occurring human GK mutants at the active site. Thus, BAD phosphomimetics may serve as a new class of GKAs.

journal_name

Nat Struct Mol Biol

authors

Szlyk B,Braun CR,Ljubicic S,Patton E,Bird GH,Osundiji MA,Matschinsky FM,Walensky LD,Danial NN

doi

10.1038/nsmb.2717

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-01 00:00:00

pages

36-42

issue

1

eissn

1545-9993

issn

1545-9985

pii

nsmb.2717

journal_volume

21

pub_type

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