Leptospirosis: current situation and trends of specific laboratory tests.

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Adalimumab, an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), is the only systemic non-corticosteroid agent which has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to summarize the research which demonstrat...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： LaMattina KC,Goldstein DA

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probiotics have had many applications in the past few years, and inflammatory conditions of the GI tract--including chronic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)--have received the most attention by investigators. In fact, the experimental basis to expect clinical efficacy of probiotics in IBD is quite ro...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Guandalini S

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fifth International Congress on Familial Mediterranean Fever and Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases (Rome, Italy, 4-8 April, 2008) reviewed developments in the field of innate immunity and discussed their relevance to the pathogenesis of associated diseases. The meeting gathered over 300 participants from 32 count...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Touitou I,Savic S,Mathews RJ,Grateau G,McDermott MF

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsedating antihistamines are a first-line therapy in the management of allergic rhinitis. They relieve the majority of the histamine-mediated symptoms of the condition, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. The nonsedating antihistamine desloratadine is effective in alleviating the symptoms of both seasonal ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Schenkel EJ

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Dupilumab is a treatment option newly licensed for adolescents with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). It reduces type 2 inflammation by blocking the shared receptor subunit for IL-4/-13. Dupilumab affects three disease mechanisms in atopic dermatitis: the skin barrier, the Th2-cell differentiation...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Senner S,Seegräber M,Frey S,Kendziora B,Eicher L,Wollenberg A

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, new insights into the immunological pathways in multiple sclerosis (MS) have been detected. This increasing knowledge has led to more distinct treatment options in modifying the disease course of MS. In 2006, natalizumab, an alpha4-integrin monoclonal antibody, introduced a new era of MS treatment. An...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Reske D,Haupt WF

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term refractory lupus nephritis is generally used to indicate cases that do not respond to traditional treatment. However, the clinical presentation of lupus nephritis is variable and the time to response depends on the typology of the underlying renal syndrome. The criteria and the time for response are different...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Moroni G,Ponticelli C

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL Abs) are associated with thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). There is strong evidence that aPL Abs are pathogenic in vivo from studies in animal models. Furthermore, there are now convincing data indicating that activation of complement is involved in those...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Pierangeli SS

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: CD4 + T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been described as the most potent immunosuppressive cells in the human body. They have been found to control autoimmunity, and clinical attempts have been made to apply them to treat autoimmune diseases. Some specific pathways utilized by Tregs in the regulation of i...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Ryba-Stanisławowska M,Sakowska J,Zieliński M,Ławrynowicz U,Trzonkowski P

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data generated using high-throughput DNA microarrays are changing the way we think about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The identification of an interferon gene-expression signature in the majority of patients with SLE, especially those with severe SLE, has stimulated substantial interest in targeting the interfe...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Gaffney PM,Moser KL,Baechler EC

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Patients affected by Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) represent a potential group-at-risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on large and small cohorts of IEI reported a huge variability clinical manifestations associated to SARS-Cov-2, ranging from asymptomatic, mild, moderate/severe to death. A g...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Quinti I,Mezzaroma I,Milito C

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reports recent evidence on epidemiological data concerning monoclonal antibody (mAb) infusion-related anaphylaxis, as well as recent data on the correlation between mAb immunogenicity and safety profiles. Pathogenic mechanisms of mAb-related adverse reactions including hypersensitivity, IgE- and non-IgE-m...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Maggi E,Vultaggio A,Matucci A

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency or X-linked Hyper-IgM syndrome is a severe primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the CD40L gene. Despite currently available treatments, CD40L-deficient patients remain susceptible to life-threatening infections and have poor long term survival. Areas covered: Here,...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： França TT,Barreiros LA,Al-Ramadi BK,Ochs HD,Cabral-Marques O,Condino-Neto A

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immunologically induced lung disease that develops after inhalation of certain environmental antigens only in subjects with susceptibility to antigens. Therefore, both environmental and host immunological factors play important roles in the aetiology and pathogenesis...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Miyazaki Y,Tsutsui T,Inase N

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunology, similar to other areas of clinical science, is a data-rich discipline that involves a great deal of interaction between healthcare professionals and their patients. The focus of this editorial is to review the challenges and opportunities for mobile healthcare applications within immunology. It is clear th...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Gallagher J,O'Donoghue J,Car J

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unbalanced immune cell populations or immune cell infiltration of the liver can disrupt the immune-privileged state of the liver, resulting in liver injury or fibrosis. Therefore, the treatment for liver diseases involves not only hepatic regeneration but also immunological regulation. Recent studies demonstrated that...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Cui L,Shi Y,Han Y,Fan D

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune diseases are caused by pathogenic antibody and/or T-cell responses that are left unchecked by regulatory immune mechanisms. Recent studies in immunology have focused on subsets of regulatory T cells (T(regs)) that can suppress autoimmune responses. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of T(r...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Van Kaer L

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Allergic conditions such as asthma and atopic dermatitis have a high prevalence but represent a heterogeneous group of diseases despite similar clinical presentation and underlying pathophysiology. A better understanding of the phenotypes and endotypes of these diseases has driven rapid development of biol...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Manka LA,Wechsler ME

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal models and clinical studies of asthma have generated important insights into the first effector phase leading to the development of allergic airway disease and bronchial hyper-reactivity. In contrast, mechanisms related to asthma chronicity or persistence are less well understood. The CD4(+) T-helper 2 lymphocy...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Aronica MA,Vogel N

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolving data have shown that the toll like receptors (TLRs) family of innate immune receptors has an important role in driving the activation and inhibition of pathogenic pathways involved in multiple sclerosis (MS). While developing clinical trials targeting MS by TLRs modulators are of considerable interest, severa...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Gooshe M,Aleyasin AR,Abdolghaffari AH,Rezaei N

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigs are currently the preferred species for future organ xenotransplantation. With advances in the development of genetically modified pigs, clinical xenotransplantation is becoming closer to reality. In preclinical studies (pig-to-nonhuman primate), the xenotransplantation of livers from pigs transgenic for human CD...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Ekser B,Burlak C,Waldman JP,Lutz AJ,Paris LL,Veroux M,Robson SC,Rees MA,Ayares D,Gridelli B,Tector AJ,Cooper DK

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-immediate drug reactions (NIR) are induced by specific immunological mechanisms and involve the recognition of hapten molecules by the immune system, with the participation of dendritic cells and other antigen-presenting cells. This process is followed by an effector response that can induce several clinical entit...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Perkins JR,Ariza A,Blanca M,Fernández TD

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an IL-7-related cytokine expressed predominantly by barrier epithelial cells. TSLP is a potent activator of several cell types, including myeloid-derived dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages and mast cells. Recent studies have revealed an important role for TSLP in the initiati...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Miazgowicz MM,Headley MB,Larson RP,Ziegler SF

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease characterized by symmetric arthritis leading to progressive erosion of cartilage and bone. Psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis are also inflammatory arthritides that belong to the spondyloarthritides. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Voulgari PV

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric T-cell hematologic malignancies are a diverse group of rare cancers. The most common pediatric T-cell malignancies include T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Although the overall survival rates have improved markedly in recent years, children with relapsed ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Diorio C,Teachey DT

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In current clinical practice, immune reactivity of kidney transplant recipients is estimated by monitoring the levels of immunosuppressive drugs, and by functional and/or histological evaluation of the allograft. The availability of assays that could directly quantify the extent of the recipient's immune response towa...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Cravedi P,Mannon RB

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD11b(+)Gr1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an important regulatory innate cell population and have significant inhibitory effect on T cell-mediated responses. In addition to their negative role in cancer development, MDSCs also exert strong regulatory effects on transplantation and autoimmunity. In ma...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Wu T,Zhao Y,Zhao Y

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease, which affects joints as well as extra-articular tissues. In the last decades, increasing targeted therapeutic options dramatically improved RA management by doubling the rate of patients achieving clinical remission. Currently, there is...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Cavalli G,Favalli EG

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Methylation pattern of gene modification is essential for the differentiation of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine is a common inhibitor of methylation. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of Treg polarizing conditions and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment in the differen...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Fang Y,Yuan XD,Liu HH,Xiang L,Chen LM,Fan YC,Gao S,Wang K

更新日期：2021-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the aorta and its primary branches. Initially described in young women from the Far East, it has become evident that TA is found worldwide, in both genders, and in a broader age range of patients than previously appreciated. Although t...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Maksimowicz-McKinnon K

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00