Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Major head injuries are not uncommon in the Irish national game of hurling. Historically, helmets were not worn. METHODS:We report a multistage campaign to facilitate and encourage the use of appropriate headgear among the estimated 100 000 hurling players in Ireland. This campaign lasted for 27 years between 1985 and 2012, and involved a number of different stages including: (1) facilitating the establishment of a business dedicated to developing head protection equipment suitable for hurling, (2) placing a particular emphasis on continual product enhancement to the highest industrial standards, (3) engaging continually with the game's controlling body, the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA), with the ultimate objective of securing a mandatory usage policy for protective helmets and faceguards, (4) longitudinal research to monitor hurling injury, equipment usage and players' attitudes and (5) widely communicating key research findings to GAA leaders and members, as well as to 1000 clubs and schools. RESULTS:One of our three relevant studies included 798 patients and identified a dramatic association between the type of head protection used by a player, if any, and the site of the injury requiring treatment. While 51% of the injured players without head protection suffered head trauma, this rate was only 35% among the players wearing helmets and 5% among players who were wearing full head protection (both a helmet and faceguard). CONCLUSION:The GAA responded in three stages to the accumulating evidence: (1) they introduced a mandatory regulation for those aged less than 18 years in 2005; (2) this ruling was extended to all players under 21 years in 2007 and (3) finally extended to all players irrespective of age, gender or grade from January 2010. The latter ruling applied to both games and organised training sessions.
journal_name
Br J Sports Medjournal_title
British journal of sports medicineauthors
Crowley PJ,Crowley MJdoi
10.1136/bjsports-2012-092014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
147-50issue
2eissn
0306-3674issn
1473-0480pii
bjsports-2012-092014journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIM:To assess the progression of bronchial reactivity (BR) and incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity (BH), exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and asthma in triathletes over 2 years. METHODS:Subjects were seven athletes from the Swiss national triathlon team (mean (SD) age 24.3 (4.8) years), who initially were...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.030569
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A focus on low body weight and body fat content, combined with regulations in some weight-sensitive sports, are considered risk factors for extreme dieting, eating disorders (EDs) and related health consequences among athletes. At present there are, from a health perspective, no generally accepted optimum values for b...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092966
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), meniscus or combined ACL and meniscus injury. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, Embase, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and Web of Science until November 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIE...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100022
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twelve female age-group swimmers and twelve female controls, aged ten to sixteen, performed a pre-training discontinuous maximal cycle ergometer test to determine the capacities of their anaerobic (alactacid and lactacid) and aerobic energy systems. Heart rate and oxygen uptake were determined during rest, exercise, a...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.12.1.14
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to assess the quality and strength of evidence for the health benefits of specific sport disciplines. Electronic search yielded 2194 records and the selection resulted in 69 eligible studies (47 cross-sectional, 9 cohort, 13 intervention studies). 105 comparisons between participation and non-participation...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093885
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Accumulating evidence emphasises a relationship between prolonged sitting and increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders and premature death irrespective of the protective effects of physical activity. Primary care physicians have the potential to play a key role in modifying patients' sedentary behaviour ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091357
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the results of two treatment regimens for medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS); a graded running programme and the same running programme with additional shockwave therapy (extracorporeal shockwave therapy; ESWT). Design A prospective observational controlled trial....
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.081992
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the prevalence of self reported, physician diagnosed osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip in ex-professional footballers with that in age matched controls in the general public. METHOD:A questionnaire was sent to the 92 football league and premiership managers to assess the prevalence of OA of various j...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.1.80
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the prevalence of doping and its progression in a cohort of preadolescent athletes during a 4-year follow-up. DESIGN AND SETTINGS:Prospective cohort study. Self-questionnaire survey. PARTICIPANTS:All of the pupils entering the first year of secondary school (sixth grade) in the Vosges Départemen...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.035733
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The accurate measurement of physical activity is crucial to understanding the relationship between physical activity and disease prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE:The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the activPAL physical activity monitor in measuring step n...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.027276
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The time that children and adults spend sedentary-put simply, doing too much sitting as distinct from doing too little physical activity-has recently been proposed as a population-wide, ubiquitous influence on health outcomes. It has been argued that sedentary time is likely to be additional to the risks associated wi...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093107
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A search of the literature shows that the effect of surgery on ankle proprioception has been hardly investigated. OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of anatomical reconstruction of the anterolateral capsuloligamentous complex on ankle joint position sense. METHODS:A prospective study using the "slope box" tes...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004.016527
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In professional soccer, a significant amount of training time is used to improve players' aerobic capacity. However, it is not known whether soccer specific training fulfils the criterion of effective endurance training to improve maximal oxygen uptake, namely an exercise intensity of 90-95% of maximal heart...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.36.3.218
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies failing to show a negative effect of rapid weight loss (RWL) on performance have been conducted in athletes who have been cycling weight for years. It has been suggested that chronic weight cycling could lead combat athletes to become resistant to the stresses associated with weight loss. To investig...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092689
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the prevalence of inguinal canal posterior wall deficiency (sports hernia) in professional Australian Rules footballers using an ultrasound technique and correlate the results with the clinical symptom of groin pain. METHODS:Thirty five professional Australian footballers with and without gro...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.32.2.134
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tendinopathies of the rotator cuff muscles, biceps tendon and pectoralis major muscle are common causes of shoulder pain in athletes. Overuse insertional tendinopathy of pectoralis minor is a previously undescribed cause of shoulder pain in weightlifters/sportsmen. OBJECTIVES:To describe the clinical featur...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.032383
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the hormonal response to strenuous endurance exercise performed by elite athletes. METHODS:Nine professional cyclists (mean (SD) age 28 (1) years; mean (SD) VO(2)MAX 75.3 (2.3) ml/kg/min) who participated in a three week tour race (Vuelta a España 1999) were selected as subjects. Morning urinary...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.35.6.424
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular (CV) screening in young athletes remains challenging and a topic of considerable debate. Recent criticisms of ECG screening have perpetuated arguments that ECG screening is neither indicated nor effective by applying outdated incidence data and flawed methodology. In response, this article provides a cr...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096606
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on DNA analysis of a historical case, the authors describe how a female athlete can be unknowingly confronted with the consequences of a disorder of sex development resulting in hyperandrogenism emerging early in her sports career. In such a situation, it is harmful and confusing to question sex and gender. Expo...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.082552
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Severe cervical spine injury in rugby union (rugby) exerts a major impact on the individual who sustains the injury and on the broader society. Since the late 1970s, authors of rugby case report studies have postulated that the underlying mechanism of cervical spine injury is hyperflexion of the neck. Howeve...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090360
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:(1) To investigate whether a daily acute:chronic workload ratio informs injury risk in Australian football players; (2) to identify which combination of workload variable, acute and chronic time window best explains injury likelihood. METHODS:Workload and injury data were collected from 53 athletes over 2 seasons...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096309
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, genotype frequencies of several polymorphisms that are candidates to influence sports performance (ie, ACTN3 R577X, ACE ID, PPARGC1A Gly482Ser, AMPD1 C34T, CKMM 985bp/1170bp and GDF8 (myostatin) K153R) were compared in 123 nonathletic controls, 50 professional cyclists, 52 Olympic-class runners and 39 w...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.051680
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is superior to aerobic exercise alone for the health of obese children and adolescents. DESIGN:Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Computerised search of 3 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry). ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096605
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most humans observe an overnight fast on a daily basis, and the human body copes well with short duration fasting. Periodic fasting is widely practised for cultural, religious or health reasons. Fasting may take many different forms. Prolonged restriction of food and fluid is harmful to health and performance, and it ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.072157
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the attendance and ocular profile of competitors and members of delegations who attended the Polyclinic Ophthalmology Division during the Olympic and Paralympic Games Rio 2016. METHODS:The eye clinic was allocated in the purpose-built polyclinic opened for competitors and members of delegations ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101763
更新日期:2020-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether altitude training can enhance subsequent sea-level performance has been well investigated over many decades. However, research on this topic has focused on athletes from individual or endurance sports, with scant number of studies on team-sport athletes. Questions that need to be answered inclu...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092764
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the beginning of the 1983/84 Rugby season a dental examination was carried out on 120 players, 55 of whom were fitted with the mouth-fitted type of mouthguard and 65 the laboratory-made type of mouthguard. At the end of the season only 98 players were available for the completion of the study. A further dental exam...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.19.2.89
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posterior dislocation of the shoulder is an uncommon injury, accounting for between 2% and 4% of all shoulder dislocations. It occurs most frequently in patients following convulsions or direct anterior force to the shoulder. It is a particularly uncommon injury in sport. This paper reports an unusual case of bilateal...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.31.1.74
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Acetabular labral tears predominantly affect young patients and are a source of hip pain in the athlete. Four causes of the initiation of labral tears have been proposed; trauma, hypolaxity of the anterior capsule, dysplasia and bony impingement. A further cause could be reduced biomechanical properties in th...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.053645
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The second international consensus conference on the scapula was held in Lexington Kentucky. The purpose of the conference was to update, present and discuss the accumulated knowledge regarding scapular involvement in various shoulder injuries and highlight the clinical implications for the evaluation and treatment of...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092425
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00