Abstract：
:A variety of microbial communities and their genes (the microbiome) exist throughout the human body, with fundamental roles in human health and disease. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Human Microbiome Project Consortium has established a population-scale framework to develop metagenomic protocols, resulting in a broad range of quality-controlled resources and data including standardized methods for creating, processing and interpreting distinct types of high-throughput metagenomic data available to the scientific community. Here we present resources from a population of 242 healthy adults sampled at 15 or 18 body sites up to three times, which have generated 5,177 microbial taxonomic profiles from 16S ribosomal RNA genes and over 3.5 terabases of metagenomic sequence so far. In parallel, approximately 800 reference strains isolated from the human body have been sequenced. Collectively, these data represent the largest resource describing the abundance and variety of the human microbiome, while providing a framework for current and future studies.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Human Microbiome Project Consortium.doi
10.1038/nature11209subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-13 00:00:00pages
215-21issue
7402eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature11209journal_volume
486pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-018-07631-3
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stevens-Johnson syndrome and the related disease toxic epidermal necrolysis are life-threatening reactions of the skin to particular types of medication. Here we show that there is a strong association in Han Chinese between a genetic marker, the human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*1502, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/428486a
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The resemblance of the orbitally filtered isotope signal from the past 340 kyr in Antarctic ice cores to Northern Hemisphere summer insolation intensity has been used to suggest that the northern hemisphere may drive orbital-scale global climate changes. A recent Letter by Laepple et al. suggests that, contrary to thi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10613
更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The disease non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormally high blood glucose resulting from a relative deficiency of insulin. It affects about 2% of the world's population and treatment of diabetes and its complications are an increasing health-care burden. Genetic factors are...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/384455a0
更新日期：1996-12-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The fundamental properties of neutron stars provide a direct test of the equation of state of cold nuclear matter, a relationship between pressure and density that is determined by the physics of the strong interactions between the particles that constitute the star. The most straightforward method of determining thes...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature01159
更新日期：2002-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Rivers sourced in the Himalayan mountain range carry some of the largest sediment loads on the planet, yet coarse gravel in these rivers vanishes within approximately 10-40 kilometres on entering the Ganga Plain (the part of the North Indian River Plain containing the Ganges River). Understanding the fate of gravel is...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature22039
更新日期：2017-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The macronutrient phosphorus is thought to limit primary productivity in the oceans on geological timescales. Although there has been a sustained effort to reconstruct the dynamics of the phosphorus cycle over the past 3.5 billion years, it remains uncertain whether phosphorus limitation persisted throughout Earth's h...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature20772
更新日期：2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Signals elicited by binding of the T-cell antigen receptor and the CD4/CD8 co-receptor to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules control the generation of CD4+ (helper) or CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells from thymic precursors that initially express both co-receptor proteins. These precursors have unique, clonally ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/35006664
更新日期：2000-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is involved in a variety of processes involving signalling, such as cell differentiation and survival, growth cessation and apoptosis of neurons. These events are mediated by NGF as a result of binding to its two cell-surface receptors, TrkA and p75. TrkA is a receptor with tyrosine kinase ac...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/43705
更新日期：1999-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Slower recovery from perturbations near a tipping point and its indirect signatures in fluctuation patterns have been suggested to foreshadow catastrophes in a wide variety of systems. Recent studies of populations in the field and in the laboratory have used time-series data to confirm some of the theoretically predi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature12071
更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Adenylyl cyclase is the prototypical second messenger generator. Nearly all of the eight cloned adenylyl cyclases are regulated by one or other arm of the phospholipase C pathway. Functional and ultrastructural investigations have shown that adenylyl cyclases are intimately associated with sites of calcium ion entry i...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/374421a0
更新日期：1995-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Abscisic acid (ABA) is a ubiquitous hormone that regulates plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses. Its action is mediated by the PYR/PYL/RCAR family of START proteins, but it remains unclear how these receptors bind ABA and, in turn, how hormone binding leads to inhibition of the downstream ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature08613
更新日期：2009-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The upright posture and obligatory bipedalism of modern humans are unique among living primates. The evolutionary history of this behaviour has traditionally been pursued by functional analysis of the postcranial skeleton and the preserved footprint trails of fossil hominids. Here we report a systematic attempt to rec...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/369645a0
更新日期：1994-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The innate immune defence of multicellular organisms against microbial pathogens requires cellular collaboration. Information exchange allowing immune cells to collaborate is generally attributed to soluble protein factors secreted by pathogen-sensing cells. Cytokines, such as type I interferons (IFNs), serve to alert...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature12640
更新日期：2013-11-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Maize smut caused by the fungus Ustilago maydis is a widespread disease characterized by the development of large plant tumours. U. maydis is a biotrophic pathogen that requires living plant tissue for its development and establishes an intimate interaction zone between fungal hyphae and the plant plasma membrane. U. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10454
更新日期：2011-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetics of the thrombin-catalysed release of fibrino-peptides A and B from human fibrinogen have been investigated and a mechanism correlating the release of fibrinopeptides to fibrin formation is presented. The sequential release of fibrinopeptides results in sequential activation of two sets of polymerisation s...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/275501a0
更新日期：1978-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver cirrhosis is a major cause of death worldwide and is characterized by extensive fibrosis. There are currently no effective antifibrotic therapies available. To obtain a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in disease pathogenesis and enable the discovery of therapeutic targets, ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1631-3
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The respiratory organs of terrestrial insects consist of tracheal tubes with external spiracular valves that control gas exchange. Despite their relatively high metabolic rate, many insects have highly discontinuous patterns of gas exchange, including long periods when the spiracles are fully closed. Two explanations ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03106
更新日期：2005-02-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discovery of more than a thousand planets outside our Solar System, together with the significant push to achieve inertially confined fusion in the laboratory, has prompted a renewed interest in how dense matter behaves at millions to billions of atmospheres of pressure. The theoretical description of such ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature13526
更新日期：2014-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The spontaneously hypertensive rat and the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat are useful models for human hypertension. In these strains hypertension is a polygenic trait, in which both autosomal and sex-linked genes can influence blood pressure. Linkage studies in crosses between the stroke-prone spontaneous...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/353521a0
更新日期：1991-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The shape of the human erythrocyte depends on intracellular ATP content and echinocytic erythrocyte ghosts obtained in the presence of Mg-ATP acquire a diskocytic shape after incubation at 37 degrees C; however, agreement is lacking about the molecular basis of the shape changes. The suggestion that phosphorylation of...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/307376a0
更新日期：1984-01-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Optical laser fields have been widely used to achieve quantum control over the motional and internal degrees of freedom of atoms and ions, molecules and atomic gases. A route to controlling the quantum states of macroscopic mechanical oscillators in a similar fashion is to exploit the parametric coupling between optic...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10787
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent seismological discoveries have indicated that the Earth's core-mantle boundary is far more complex than a simple boundary between the molten outer core and the silicate mantle. Instead, its structural complexities probably rival those of the Earth's crust. Some regions of the lowermost mantle have been observed...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03620
更新日期：2005-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Growing evidence indicates a causative role of misfolded forms of the protein α-synuclein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Intraneuronal aggregates of α-synuclein occur in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, the cytopathological hallmarks ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10324
更新日期：2011-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The normal cellular homologue of the acutely transforming oncogene v-raf is c-raf-1, which encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by many extracellular stimuli. The physiological substrates of the protein c-Raf-1 are unknown. The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases Erk1 and 2 are also activate...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/358417a0
更新日期：1992-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important crop that provides a sustainable source of protein and oil worldwide. Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a microscopic roundworm that feeds on the roots of soybean and is a major constraint to soybean production. This nematode causes more than US$1 ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11651
更新日期：2012-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein engineering is being developed for mapping the energetics and pathway of protein folding. From kinetic studies on wild-type and mutant proteins, the sequence and energetics of formation of tertiary interactions of side chains can be mapped and the formation of secondary structure inferred. Here we cross-check ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/346488a0
更新日期：1990-08-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Triton is Neptune's principal satellite and is by far the largest retrograde satellite in the Solar System (its mass is approximately 40 per cent greater than that of Pluto). Its inclined and circular orbit lies between a group of small inner prograde satellites and a number of exterior irregular satellites with both ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature04792
更新日期：2006-05-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) is the first step in the synthesis of more complex carbon-based fuels and feedstocks using renewable electricity. Unfortunately, the reaction suffers from slow kinetics owing to the low local concentration of CO2 surrounding typical CO2 reductio...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature19060
更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans and other animals must often make decisions on the basis of imperfect evidence. Statisticians use measures such as P values to assign degrees of confidence to propositions, but little is known about how the brain computes confidence estimates about decisions. We explored this issue using behavioural analysis an...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature07200
更新日期：2008-09-11 00:00:00
