Abstract：
:Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), one of the bioactive extracts found in ginseng root, was reported to have anti-cancer activity in various cancer models. The anti-proliferation effect of Rg3 on prostate cancer cells has been well reported. To test whether Rg3 has an anti-metastatic effect on prostate cancer, we treated a highly metastatic PC-3M prostate cancer cell line with Rg3. We found that Rg3 (10μM) led to remarkable inhibition of PC-3M cell migration. Simultaneously, exposure to Rg3 suppressed expression of the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) water channel protein, which has previously been reported to be involved in cell migration. Overexpression of AQP1 attenuated Rg3-induced inhibition of cell migration, and introduction of a shRNA targeting AQP1 abrogated the inhibitory effect of Rg3, although the basal level of cell migration was decreased by RNA interference. In mechanism study, estrogen receptor- and glucocorticoid receptor-dependent pathways are proved uninvolved in the AQP1 regulation by Rg3. However, Rg3 treatment triggered the activation of p38 MAPK; and SB202190, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, antagonized the Rg3-induced regulation of AQP1 and cell migration, suggesting a crucial role for p38 in the regulation process. Deletion analysis of the promoter region of AQP1 was also conducted using dual-luciferase assay, which indicated that the -1000 bp to -200 bp promoter region was involved in the AQP1 regulation by Rg3. In all, we conclude that Rg3 effectively suppresses migration of PC-3M cells by down-regulating AQP1 expression through p38 MAPK pathway and some transcription factors acting on the AQP1 promoter.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Pan XY,Guo H,Han J,Hao F,An Y,Xu Y,Xiaokaiti Y,Pan Y,Li XJdoi
10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.02.040subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-15 00:00:00pages
27-34issue
1-3eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
S0014-2999(12)00204-Xjournal_volume
683pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Since the discovery of first antidepressants in mid-1950's, the field has been intensively studied. Several new classes of compounds emerged and several hypotheses on the mechanism of their action were proposed. The novel antidepressants are either selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors, (e.g., moclobem...
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