Abstract:
:Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been considered a purely toxic by-product of incomplete combustion processes. Acute exposure to high concentrations of CO is one of the leading causes of fatal poisoning in industrial countries. However, after two decades of intensive research, there is ample evidence that CO endogenously produced by heme oxygenase enzymes has essential physiological functions and is of vital importance for cellular hemostasis. Furthermore, exogenously applied CO in low concentrations mediates potent cytoprotective effects. An overwhelming number of different in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated the protective action of CO application, e.g., in ischemia/reperfusion, transplantation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and others. Protection by this gaseous molecule could be illustrated for most organs, most species, and for different routes of administration. Now being on the verge of entering clinical trials, the question emerges whether the administration of low-dose CO would be safe for patients when used as a potential therapeutic. Therefore, this review summarizes in particular toxicological data obtained from low-dose CO exposure and discusses its impact on a possible clinical application.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Biotechnoljournal_title
Current pharmaceutical biotechnologyauthors
Schmidt R,Ryan H,Hoetzel Adoi
10.2174/138920112800399103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
837-50issue
6eissn
1389-2010issn
1873-4316pii
BSP/CPB/E-Pub/0000194-13-9journal_volume
13pub_type
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
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更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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