Abstract：
:Excitatory amino acids mediate fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system through the activation of at least three distinct ionotropic receptors: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxasole-4-propionate (AMPA)/quisqualate (QUIS) and the kainate subtypes (for reviews, see refs 1, 2). They also activate the additional QUIS 'metabotropic' receptor (sensitive to trans-1-amino-cyclopentyl-1,3-dicarboxylate, ACPD) linked to inositol phospholipid metabolism. We have used hippocampal slice cultures to study the electrophysiological consequences of the metabotropic response. We find that activation of an ACPD-sensitive QUIS receptor produces a 'slow' excitation of CA3 pyramidal cells, resulting from depression of a Ca2(+)-dependent K+ current and a voltage-gated K+ current. Combined voltage-clamp and microfluorometric recordings show that, although these receptors can trigger an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, suppression of K+ currents is independent of changes in intracellular Ca2+. These effects closely resemble those induced by activating muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the same neurons and suggest that excitatory amino acids not only act as fast ionotropic transmitters but also as slow neuromodulatory transmitters.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Charpak S,Gähwiler BH,Do KQ,Knöpfel Tdoi
10.1038/347765a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-10-25 00:00:00pages
765-7issue
6295eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
347pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：:The effect of ions on the light-sensitive current of retinal rods was studied by sucking the inner segment into a tightly fitting capillary with the outer segment projecting into a flowing solution. This new method showed that the light-sensitive pathway, in which Na+ is the normal carrier of current, has an ionic sel...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/292502a0
更新日期：1981-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations seem to have been several times modern levels during much of the Palaeozoic era (543-248 million years ago), but decreased during the Carboniferous period to concentrations similar to that of today. Given that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, it has been proposed that surfa...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature06085
更新日期：2007-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation is highly dynamic during mammalian embryogenesis. It is broadly accepted that the paternal genome is actively depleted of 5-methylcytosine at fertilization, followed by passive loss that reaches a minimum at the blastocyst stage. However, this model is based on limited data, and so far no base-resoluti...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10960
更新日期：2012-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-019-00567-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RNA polymerase (Pol) II produces messenger RNA during transcription of protein-coding genes in all eukaryotic cells. The Pol II structure is known at high resolution from X-ray crystallography for two yeast species. Structural studies of mammalian Pol II, however, remain limited to low-resolution electron microscopy a...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature16482
更新日期：2016-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Because monoclonal antibodies can recognize and bind to specific groups of atoms such as tumour antigens, they have promise for use in vivo as carriers of radionuclides, drugs or other appended molecules for diagnosis and treatment of disease. Attachment of metal ions to antibodies by means of bifunctional chelating a...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/316265a0
更新日期：1985-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Human B cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2) was originally characterized and isolated as a T cell-derived factor that caused the terminal maturation of activated B cells to immunoglobulin-producing cells. Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA predicts that BSF-2 is a protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 26,000 s...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/332083a0
更新日期：1988-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:A biologically active complementary DNA clone of a transforming gene present in a human colon carcinoma contains gene sequences of both tropomyosin and a previously unknown protein tyrosine kinase. The predicted protein (641 amino acids) encoded by this oncogene seems to have been formed by a somatic rearrangement tha...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/319743a0
更新日期：1986-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent and characterized by open chromatin and high transcription levels, achieved through auto-regulatory and feed-forward transcription factor loops. ES-cell identity is maintained by a core of factors including Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc (OSKM) and Nanog, and f...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11970
更新日期：2013-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1038/d41586-018-07152-z
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The generation of reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with defined genetic disorders holds the promise of increased understanding of the aetiologies of complex diseases and may also facilitate the development of novel therapeutic interventions. We have generated iPSCs from patients with L...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature09005
更新日期：2010-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is part of the brain's circuit for dynamic representation of self-location. The metric of this representation is provided by grid cells, cells with spatial firing fields that tile environments in a periodic hexagonal pattern. Limited anatomical sampling has obscured whether the grid ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11649
更新日期：2012-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), a much milder form of the disease where the age of onset can sometimes be as late as the third or fourth decade of life, are caused by mutations in the same X-linked gene, a 14 kilobase (kb) transcript which is spread over more than 2 megabases of ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/343180a0
更新日期：1990-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-019-00761-2
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpes group of viruses and the aetiological agent of infectious mononucleosis, is usually thought of as a lymphotrophic virus with the ability to transform B lymphocytes. So the association of EBV with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is puzzling, especially given the lack of success...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/306480a0
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enkephalins Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin were first isolated from porcine brain by Hughes and co-workers. We have recently isolated from bovine adrenals another enkephalin with the structure Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Arg-Phe, or Met-enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7 (ref. 2). We report here that this new heptapeptide is found i...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/288088a0
更新日期：1980-11-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The idea that natural selection on genes might be detected using only a single genome has been put forward by Plotkin and colleagues, who present a method that they claim can detect selection without the need for comparative data and which, if correct, would confer greater power of analysis with less information. Here...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature03221
更新日期：2005-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The biogenic amine transporters (BATs) regulate endogenous neurotransmitter concentrations and are targets for a broad range of therapeutic agents including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Because eukaryotic BATs...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature12648
更新日期：2013-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Relative motion is one of the most salient cues for segmentation of a visual scene into separate objects. This is illustrated by the vivid contours that are perceived when random dot patterns move in different directions. Once motion is halted in such displays the segmentation contours disappear. This makes random dot...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/363541a0
更新日期：1993-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythroid differentiation entails the biogenesis of a membrane skeleton, a network of proteins underlying and interacting with the plasma membrane, whose major constituent is the heterodimeric protein spectrin, composed of two structurally similar but distinct subunits, alpha (relative molecular mass (Mr) 240,000) and...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/321085a0
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian microbiome has many important roles in health and disease, and genetic engineering is enabling the development of microbial therapeutics and diagnostics. A key determinant of the activity of both natural and engineered microorganisms in vivo is their location within the host organism. However, existing m...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature25021
更新日期：2018-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Ice flow along land-terminating margins of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) varies considerably in response to fluctuating inputs of surface meltwater to the bed of the ice sheet. Such inputs lubricate the ice-bed interface, transiently speeding up the flow of ice. Greater melting results in faster ice motion during summ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature15722
更新日期：2015-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Globular star clusters that formed at the same cosmic time may have evolved rather differently from the dynamical point of view (because that evolution depends on the internal environment) through a variety of processes that tend progressively to segregate stars more massive than the average towards the cluster centre...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11686
更新日期：2012-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Octopamine is highly concentrated in neurones of several invertebrate species. Unlike in mammals, octopaminergic neurones in invertebrates are spatially separated from catecholaminergic neurons. In identified nerve cells of Aplysia, however, this amine coexists with other putative neurotransmitters. Octopamine is synt...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/265501a0
更新日期：1977-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In the chick embryo hindbrain, morphological segmentation into rhombomeres is matched by metameric patterns of early neuronal differentiation and axonogenesis. Boundaries between rhombomeres coincide with boundaries of expression of murine regulatory genes. By clonal analysis using intracellular marking, we show here ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/344431a0
更新日期：1990-03-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Earth's climate history is often understood by breaking it down into constituent climatic epochs1. Over the Common Era (the past 2,000 years) these epochs, such as the Little Ice Age2-4, have been characterized as having occurred at the same time across extensive spatial scales5. Although the rapid global warming seen...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1401-2
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discovery of more than a thousand planets outside our Solar System, together with the significant push to achieve inertially confined fusion in the laboratory, has prompted a renewed interest in how dense matter behaves at millions to billions of atmospheres of pressure. The theoretical description of such ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature13526
更新日期：2014-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of catalyst-controlled stereoselective olefin metathesis processes has been a pivotal recent advance in chemistry. The incorporation of appropriate ligands within complexes based on molybdenum, tungsten and ruthenium has led to reactivity and selectivity levels that were previously inaccessible. Here w...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature21043
更新日期：2017-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) elicits multiple biological effects through two distinct cell surface receptors, TNF-R1 (p55) and TNF-R2 (p75). Most TNF-mediated biological responses, such as cell death, gene induction, antiviral activity and cytokine production, have been attributed to TNF-R1 (refs 1-5). Gene targeting ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/372560a0
更新日期：1994-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Butterflies rely extensively on colour vision to adapt to the natural world. Most species express a broad range of colour-sensitive Rhodopsin proteins in three types of ommatidia (unit eyes), which are distributed stochastically across the retina. The retinas of Drosophila melanogaster use just two main types, in whic...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature18616
更新日期：2016-07-14 00:00:00
