Artificial selection for a green revolution gene during japonica rice domestication.

abstract：:In Xenopus oocytes injected with rat brain mRNA, as in neurons, glycine greatly potentiated responses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type of excitatory amino acid receptor. Injected oocytes generated a partially desensitizing inward current in response to NMDA with 30 nM added glycine. As the added glycine concent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerma J,Zukin RS,Bennett MV

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first crystal structure of the neurotransmitter/sodium symporter homolog LeuT revealed an occluded binding pocket containing leucine and 2 Na(+); later structures showed tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in an extracellular vestibule approximately 11 A above the bound leucine and 2 Na(+). We recently found this reg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Quick M,Winther AM,Shi L,Nissen P,Weinstein H,Javitch JA

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanotransduction in the mammalian auditory system depends on mechanosensitive channels in the hair bundles that project from the apical surface of the sensory hair cells. Individual stereocilia within each bundle contain a core of tightly packed actin filaments, whose length is dynamically regulated during developm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Furness DN,Johnson SL,Manor U,Rüttiger L,Tocchetti A,Offenhauser N,Olt J,Goodyear RJ,Vijayakumar S,Dai Y,Hackney CM,Franz C,Di Fiore PP,Masetto S,Jones SM,Knipper M,Holley MC,Richardson GP,Kachar B,Marcotti W

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Inteins are intervening protein sequences that undergo self-excision from a precursor protein with concomitant joining of the flanking sequences. Here, we demonstrate intein trans-splicing in Nicotiana tabacum chloroplasts by using the naturally split Ssp DnaE intein. Trans-splicing occurred whether both intein fragme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chin HG,Kim GD,Marin I,Mersha F,Evans TC Jr,Chen L,Xu MQ,Pradhan S

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cat tongue is covered in sharp, rear-facing spines called papillae, the precise function of which is a mystery. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we use high-speed film, grooming force measurements, and computed tomography (CT) scanning to elucidate the mechanism by which papillae are used to gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Noel AC,Hu DL

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). To elucidate the role of HTLV-I in leukemogenesis, we examined the biological activity of a defective HTLV-I provirus with the env-pX 3' long terminal repeat region cloned from leukemic cells of an ATL patient. Transfectio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka A,Takahashi C,Yamaoka S,Nosaka T,Maki M,Hatanaka M

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-temperature flash photolysis with IR and visible spectroscopy was used to probe the influence of the distal histidine His-64(E7) of sperm-whale myoglobin (Mb) on the orientation of bound carbon monoxide (CO) and on the kinetics of CO rebinding. The synthesis and high-level expression of a sperm-whale myoglobin gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Braunstein D,Ansari A,Berendzen J,Cowen BR,Egeberg KD,Frauenfelder H,Hong MK,Ormos P,Sauke TB,Scholl R

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system can integrate foreign sequences of DNA in the genome of mouse somatic cells eliciting long-term expression in vivo. This technology holds great promise for human gene therapy as a nonviral technology to deliver therapeutic genes. SB also provides a means to study the effects ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carlson CM,Frandsen JL,Kirchhof N,McIvor RS,Largaespada DA

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling regulates glucose homeostasis through the production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). The dual-specificity phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) blocks PI3K signaling by dephosphorylating PIP3, and is inhibited...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hodakoski C,Hopkins BD,Barrows D,Mense SM,Keniry M,Anderson KE,Kern PA,Hawkins PT,Stephens LR,Parsons R

更新日期：2014-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The virulent properties of the common human and livestock pathogen Clostridium perfringens are attributable to a formidable battery of toxins. Among these are a number of large and highly modular carbohydrate-active enzymes, including the mu-toxin and sialidases, whose catalytic properties are consistent with degradat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adams JJ,Gregg K,Bayer EA,Boraston AB,Smith SP

更新日期：2008-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro incubation of leukemic bone marrow with the lipophilic fluorescent dye merocyanine 540 and simultaneous exposure to light reduced the concentration of L1210 leukemia cells by about 5 orders of magnitude but spared enough normal pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells to allow hematopoietic reconstitution of leth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sieber F,Spivak JL,Sutcliffe AM

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryogenesis requires the precise activation and repression of many transcriptional regulators. The Polycomb group proteins and the associated H3K27me3 histone mark are essential to maintain the inactive state of many of these genes. Mammalian Hox genes are targets of Polycomb proteins and form local 3D clusters cent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vieux-Rochas M,Fabre PJ,Leleu M,Duboule D,Noordermeer D

更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity are widely seen in various types of condensed matter and are of technological significance not only due to their electrical switchability but also due to intriguing cross-coupling effects such as electro-mechanical and electro-caloric effects. The control of the two types of d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takae K,Tanaka H

更新日期：2018-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA heteroduplexes with single unpaired bases of the four different kinds were prepared by annealing separated strands of bacteriophage lambda DNA and used to transfect Escherichia coli. Genetic analysis of the progeny phages obtained from transfected bacteria indicates that the E. coli mismatch repair system can reco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dohet C,Wagner R,Radman M

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shigella sonnei is a human-adapted pathogen that is emerging globally as the dominant agent of bacterial dysentery. To investigate local establishment, we sequenced the genomes of 263 Vietnamese S. sonnei isolated over 15 y. Our data show that S. sonnei was introduced into Vietnam in the 1980s and has undergone locali...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holt KE,Thieu Nga TV,Thanh DP,Vinh H,Kim DW,Vu Tra MP,Campbell JI,Hoang NV,Vinh NT,Minh PV,Thuy CT,Nga TT,Thompson C,Dung TT,Nhu NT,Vinh PV,Tuyet PT,Phuc HL,Lien NT,Phu BD,Ai NT,Tien NM,Dong N,Parry CM,Hie

更新日期：2013-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Faster aging is predicted in more active tissues and animals because of greater reactive oxygen species generation. Yet age-related cell loss is greater in less active cell types, such as type II muscle fibers. Mitochondrial uncoupling has been proposed as a mechanism that reduces reactive oxygen species production an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Amara CE,Shankland EG,Jubrias SA,Marcinek DJ,Kushmerick MJ,Conley KE

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic anthrax, caused by inhalation or ingestion of Bacillus anthracis spores, is characterized by rapid microbial growth stages that require iron. Tightly bound and highly regulated in a mammalian host, iron is scarce during an infection. To scavenge iron from its environment, B. anthracis synthesizes by independe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abergel RJ,Wilson MK,Arceneaux JE,Hoette TM,Strong RK,Byers BR,Raymond KN

更新日期：2006-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is critical for normal trafficking of T lymphocytes, but its role in B cells is unclear. We report that B cell-specific KLF2 deficiency leads to decreased expression of the trafficking molecules CD62L and β7-integrin, yet expression of sphingosine-1 phosphate recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hart GT,Wang X,Hogquist KA,Jameson SC

更新日期：2011-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetotactic bacteria synthesize highly uniform intracellular magnetite nanoparticles through the action of several key biomineralization proteins. These proteins are present in a unique lipid-bound organelle (the magnetosome) that functions as a nanosized reactor in which the particle is formed. A master regulator p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rawlings AE,Bramble JP,Walker R,Bain J,Galloway JM,Staniland SS

更新日期：2014-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:If X(1), X(2),... are independent random variables with zero expectation and finite variances, the cumulative sums S(n) are, on the average, of the order of magnitude S(n), where S(n) (2) = E(S(n) (2)). The occasional maxima of the ratios S(n)/S(n) are surprisingly large and the problem is to estimate the extent of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feller W

更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers have documented many cases in which individuals rationalize their regrettable actions. Four experiments examine situations in which people go beyond merely explaining away their misconduct to actively deceiving themselves. We find that those who exploit opportunities to cheat on tests are likely to engage ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chance Z,Norton MI,Gino F,Ariely D

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Although major research efforts have focused on how specific components of foodstuffs affect health, relatively little is known about a more fundamental aspect of diet, the frequency and circadian timing of meals, and potential benefits of intermittent periods with no or very low energy intakes. The most common eating...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mattson MP,Allison DB,Fontana L,Harvie M,Longo VD,Malaisse WJ,Mosley M,Notterpek L,Ravussin E,Scheer FA,Seyfried TN,Varady KA,Panda S

更新日期：2014-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism, mediated by deiodinase types 1, 2, and 3 (D1, D2, and D3) is profoundly affected by acute illness. We examined the role of TH metabolism during ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in mice. Mice exposed to VILI recapitulated the serum TH findings of acute illness, namely a decrease in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barca-Mayo O,Liao XH,DiCosmo C,Dumitrescu A,Moreno-Vinasco L,Wade MS,Sammani S,Mirzapoiazova T,Garcia JG,Refetoff S,Weiss RE

更新日期：2011-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The Nod-like receptor family in man contains proteins that recognize invasive bacteria. Nod1, a member of this family, is activated by specific peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides that contain meso-diaminopimelic acid. Plants contain a large family of proteins known as resistance (R) proteins that have common structura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： da Silva Correia J,Miranda Y,Leonard N,Ulevitch R

更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The earliest measurable parameter that shows density-dependent inhibition is the uptake of [(3)H]deoxyglucose by Balb 3T3 cells. The rate decreases even during the exponential phase of growth and reaches a minimum, about 8- to 10-times lower than maximum, as the culture approaches the saturation density. Cells transfo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bose SK,Zlotnick BJ

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early simian virus 40 (SV40) gene product, large tumor (T) antigen, is responsible for the initiation of viral DNA replication and the autoregulation of early gene expression through direct protein-DNA interactions. We investigated the role of T antigen in late viral gene expression, independent of its function in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brady J,Bolen JB,Radonovich M,Salzman N,Khoury G

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:beta 2-Glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI), a phospholipid-binding plasma protein, is an absolute requirement (cofactor) for the binding of autoimmune-type anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibodies to cardiolipin (CL). The nature of this cofactor activity and the specific regions of the molecule involved have not yet been determined....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hunt JE,Simpson RJ,Krilis SA

更新日期：1993-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A specific antibody against proinsulin has been obtained by adsorbing the original anti-proinsulin guinea pig serum with a solid immunosorbent of Sephadex-insulin. The specificity of the antibody against antigenic determinants of proinsulin was established by radioimmunoassay and by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yip CC,Logothetopoulos J

更新日期：1969-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpromazine (3 x 10(-4)M) prevents the stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in thyroid membranes produced by thyrotropin and prostaglandin, ACTH stimulation of adenyl cyclase in adrenal tissue, and glucagon- and epinephrine-stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in liver. Baseline activity is unaffected. Parathyr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolff J,Jones AB

更新日期：1970-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-myc oncogene has been implicated in a wide spectrum of B-cell neoplasias. In normal cells, the level of expression of the c-myc gene correlates with growth status. In the present study, we examined the effect of receptor-mediated inhibition of growth on c-myc expression in a B-cell lymphoma. The murine lymphoma ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCormack JE,Pepe VH,Kent RB,Dean M,Marshak-Rothstein A,Sonenshein GE

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00