Abstract:
:In the absence of an affordable conjugate meningococcal vaccine, mass vaccination campaigns with polysaccharide vaccines are the means to control meningitis epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. Facing global vaccine shortage, the use of reduced doses, which have been shown to be protective by serum bactericidal activity, can save many lives. In this study, we investigated the antibody responses and avidity of IgG antibodies evoked against the serogroup A capsule of Neisseria meningitidis by different doses of an A/C/Y/W135 polysaccharide vaccine. Volunteers in Uganda were vaccinated with 1/10, 1/5 or a full dose (50 μg) and revaccinated with a full dose after 1 year. Specific IgG geometric mean concentrations and geometric mean avidity indices (GMAI) were determined by a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using thiocyanate as a chaotropic agent. After vaccination with 1/10 or 1/5 doses, the GMAI increased from 1 month to 1 year. One year following the initial dose, the GMAI levels were higher in the arm receiving reduced doses than for the arm receiving a full dose. Following the second full dose, avidity indices equalized at approximately the same level in the three arms. Although there are practical challenges to the use of reduced doses in the field, our findings suggest that reduced doses of polysaccharide vaccine are able to elicit antibodies of as good avidity against serogroup A polysaccharide as a full dose.
journal_name
Scand J Immunoljournal_title
Scandinavian journal of immunologyauthors
Bårnes GK,Naess LM,Rosenqvist E,Guerin PJ,Caugant DA,Fractional Doses Vaccine Study Group.doi
10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02535.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-01 00:00:00pages
87-94issue
1eissn
0300-9475issn
1365-3083journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract::MLC-T cells from two different donors were cultured after limiting dilution (0.3 cells/well) in medium containing T-cell growth factor. Clones showing lytic activity against K-562 in a preliminary screening were expanded and tested against various NK-sensitive target-cell lines (Chang, T-24, Daudi, and Molt-4) and phy...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00770.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The predominant selection of CRI-A-bearing antibodies during the anti-arsonate (ARS) response of A/J mice has been used as a model to analyse the mechanism involved in the process of clonal selection and establishment of predominance. In order to assess the importance of the affinity and adaptability of CRI-A clones i...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb01457.x
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sera from mice bearing a T cell lymphoid leukaemia (LB) and the supernatants from short term cultures of the tumour cells were studied on cell proliferation using syngeneic and allogeneic normal and tumour cells. An inhibitory activity was demonstrated in 24-48 h supernatants of LB cells in culture and d...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03467.x
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calf spleen extractive injection (CSEI), extracted from the spleen of healthy cows (within 24 h of birth), is a small peptides enriched extraction while the ratio between peptide and ribose is 76 ± 15.2 mg/μg. CSEI is usually used as an ancillary agent to assist cancer patients with immune dysfunction. The present stu...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sji.12442
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to investigate the antigen specificity and occurrence of individual autoantibodies in mothers of children diagnosed with atrioventricular (AV) block in a nation-wide setting. Patients with AV block detected before 15 years of age were identified using national quality registries as well ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02610.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure is described for the purification of soluble immune complexes (IC) from biologica fluids and for the detection of antibody-bound antigen. A model IC, prepared with various amounts of human serum albumin (HSA) and constant amounts of anti-HSA, gave a 44% recovery after gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300, aff...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1981.tb00154.x
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported that a cytosolic alkaline fraction (FI) obtained from epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi promotes the activation, proliferation and differentiation of normal murine B cells into antibody-secreting plasmocytes. Neither the mechanism nor the cells involved in the FI-induced polyclonal B-cell ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-3083.1999.00577.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coeliac disease (CD) is a very common food-sensitive enteropathy, which is triggered by gluten ingestion and is mediated by CD4(+) T cells. In addition, alterations in the intestinal microbiota that is normally involved in the homeostasis of GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) seem to play a role in CD. In accordanc...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02582.x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects millions of people worldwide and about half a million people die every year. India represents the second largest pool of chronic HBV infections with an estimated 40 million chronically infected patients. Persistence or clearance of HBV infection mainly depends upon hos...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/sji.12553
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melanoma antigen recognized by T cell 1 (MART-1) is regarded as a candidate peptide for vaccination against malignant melanoma, and it is of importance to develop strategies to improve the vaccine-elicited T-cell activation towards MART-1. T-cell activation is, among other determinants, dependent on the density of spe...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01374.x
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::T lymphocytes are activated by the interaction between the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The avidity of this TCR-pMHC interaction is very low. Therefore, several hypotheses have been put forward to explain how T cells become specifically activ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2007.01979.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between homing receptors on circulating leucocytes and endothelial addressins regulate tissue-specific cellular extravasation. Although integrin alpha 4 beta 7 appears to be the main receptor for gut-homing T lymphocytes, less is known about molecules mediating mucosal B cell homing. Expression of integri...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03709.x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests a key role for the innate immune system in asthma development. Although the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells in allergic asthma is poorly known, modifications of the blood NK cell populations have been found in asthmatic and/or allergic patients. Their repartition and activation status in...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02419.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition involving the airways and characterized by airflow limitation. Gaseous and noxious particles play an important role in this process. Antioxidants are the substances that may protect cells from the damage caused by unstable molecules known a...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sji.12498
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA silencing is an efficient biochemical tool for gene knock downs as well as physiological phenomenon playing a major role in diverse biological processes. Recent knowledge suggests that the same protein families which mediate the experimental RNA interference (RNAi) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster cells al...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02362.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma and serum samples from a patient with homozygous C2 deficiency and severe systemic lupus erythematosus who responded with full clinical remission after plasma infusions were examined for immune complexes (IC), C3 activation products, and the terminal complement complex (TCC). Plasma contained large amounts of C...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02743.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thymus is the major primary immune tissue for the production of functional T lymphocytes in vertebrates. However, its evolutionary origin is unknown. It has recently been shown that the generation of local T cells also occurs in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). This suggests that the thymus and GALT have si...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00854.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A heterologous antiserum (antiserum 7420) against B-lymphocyte antigen(s) was raised in a rabbit by immunization with peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). After absorptions with pooled normal human serum, IgA, IgD, and IgM M-components, the fluorescein isothiocyanate-co...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1979.tb01329.x
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular status of Abs in the vaginal fluid is reconsidered as a basis for immunization strategies for women' vaccination against HIV. Analysis of separated immunoglobulins (Igs) shows a large proportion of uncleaved IgG, whereas the low amount of IgA includes SIgA, monomers and fragments. SIgM is at a very low l...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03653.x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Active chloride (Cl-) secretion by intestinal crypt enterocytes is the central pathophysiological disturbance in most cases of acute diarrhoea. We examined monolayers of the human intestinal cell line T84 mounted in Ussing chambers to see whether the T-cell lymphokine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) might affect the Cl- ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb02456.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The homogenates of amyloid-laden spleens prepared from CBA mice were analysed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting employing rat anti-murine monoclonal antibody, MSA 4-26. The results showed that the precursor of amyloid A protein (AA), serum amyloid A protein 2 (SAA2), and SAA intermediates with molecular weights of 10,000...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02307.x
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::TAM family members (TYRO3, AXL and MERTK) play essential roles in the resolution of inflammation and in infectious diseases and cancer. AXL, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is commonly overexpressed in several solid tumours and numerous hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukaemia, acute lymphocytic leukae...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sji.12777
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saliva was collected from 57 infants aged 6 weeks to 2.5 years and the molecular form of IgA was studied by centrifugation on sucrose density gradients. Two distinct populations were identified. Seventy-two per cent of the children had secretory IgA in their salivary secretions, while 28% had a molecular form correspo...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb01130.x
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-grade glioma is a malignant tumour; the pathogenesis is to be further investigated. Interleukin (IL)-17 is an inflammatory cytokine. Chronic inflammation is a pathological feature of cancer. This study aimed to characterize the glioma-derived IL-17(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). In this study, single cells were is...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sji.12185
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer (NK) cell responsiveness in the mouse is determined in an education process guided by inhibitory Ly49 and NKG2A receptors binding to MHC class I molecules. It has been proposed that inhibitory signalling in human NK cells involves Abl-1 (c-Abl)-mediated phosphorylation of Crk, lowering NK cell function ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sji.12574
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the context of ex vivo T cell elimination from bone marrow, the anti-T cell cytotoxic potential of immunotoxins (IT) prepared by conjugation of the monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) WT32 (CD3), T101 (CD5), and WT1 (CD7) to ricin A chain was evaluated. The cytotoxicity of IT was based on protein synthesis inhibition in h...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02380.x
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method of isolation has been developed to purify mast cells from human lung tissue. The purification steps are: (1) dispersion of human lung tissue in single-cell suspensions by enzymatic digestion, (2) partial purification by counterflow centrifugal elutriation, (3) Percoll gradient centrifugation, and (4) enrichme...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02316.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human blood lymphocytes were tested for their proliferative response to purified protein derivative (PPD) in vitro. Purified T cells showed a lower response than the orginial purified lymphocyte suspension. Purified B cells were unresponsive to PPD. Mixtures of preparations of T and B cells were stimulated to a greate...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02655.x
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::IgE levels in cord blood have been investigated as predictors of atopy, but no definitive findings have been made. Other factors, including cells and/or cytokines may serve as predictors of this disease. Cord blood and peripheral blood was obtained at birth and at 7 months of age, respectively, from children (n = 2) w...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02169.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous report the authors demonstrated that acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was associated with pathologic amounts of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and the appearance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the blood of GVH reactive mice just prior to death. In this study the authors have investigated ...
journal_title:Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-404.x
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00