Identification of a gene that positively regulates expression of listeriolysin, the major virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes.

abstract：:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is important in reproduction, although the mechanism of central hypogonadism in humans remains unclear. Because the GnRH neuron originates from the olfactory placode and migrates to the hypothalamus during development, central hypogonadism in humans could be caused by failure in n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Radovick S,Wray S,Lee E,Nicols DK,Nakayama Y,Weintraub BD,Westphal H,Cutler GB Jr,Wondisford FE

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes a variety of statistical methods for obtaining precise quantitative estimates of the similarities and differences in the structures of semantic domains in different languages. The methods include comparing mean correlations within and between groups, principal components analysis of interspeaker c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Romney AK,Moore CC,Batchelder WH,Hsia TL

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A generic modeling framework to infer the failure-spreading process based on failure times of individual nodes is proposed and tested in four simulation studies: one for cascading failures in interdependent power and transportation networks, one for influenza epidemics, one benchmark test case for congestion cascade i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guan X,Chen C

更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics caused by influenza A viruses are of continuous concern. The viral nonstructural (NS1) protein is a multifunctional virulence factor that antagonizes several host innate immune defenses during infection. NS1 also directly stimulates class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hale BG,Kerry PS,Jackson D,Precious BL,Gray A,Killip MJ,Randall RE,Russell RJ

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex phenotypes can be modeled as networks of component traits connected by genetic, developmental, or functional interactions. Aposematism, which has evolved multiple times in poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), links a warning signal to a chemical defense against predators. Other traits are involved in this complex phe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Santos JC,Cannatella DC

更新日期：2011-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential benefits of autonomous systems are obvious. However, there are still major issues to be dealt with before developing such systems becomes a commonplace engineering practice, with accepted and trustworthy deliverables. We argue that a solid, evolving, publicly available, community-controlled foundation fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harel D,Marron A,Sifakis J

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Human pluripotent stem cells have the potential to provide comprehensive model systems for the earliest stages of human ontogenesis. To serve in this capacity, these cells must undergo a targeted, stepwise differentiation process that follows a normal developmental timeline. Here we demonstrate the ability of both hum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyer JS,Shearer RL,Capowski EE,Wright LS,Wallace KA,McMillan EL,Zhang SC,Gamm DM

更新日期：2009-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Scattering of light from dielectric particles whose size is on the order of an optical wavelength underlies a plethora of visual phenomena in nature and is a foundation for optical coatings and paints. Tailoring the internal nanoscale geometry of such "photonic particles" allows tuning their optical scattering charact...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao G,Kaufman JJ,Shabahang S,Rezvani Naraghi R,Sukhov SV,Joannopoulos JD,Fink Y,Dogariu A,Abouraddy AF

更新日期：2016-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Jun is a transcription factor belonging to the activator protein 1 family. A mutated version of Jun (v-Jun) transduced by the avian retrovirus ASV17 induces oncogenic transformation in avian cell cultures and sarcomas in young galliform birds. The oncogenicity of Jun probably results from transcriptional deregulation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu Sl,Bottoli I,Goller M,Vogt PK

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper segregation of chromosomes in meiosis is essential to prevent miscarriages and birth defects. This requires that sister chromatids maintain cohesion at the centromere as cohesion is released on the chromatid arms when the homologs segregate at anaphase I. The Shugoshin proteins preserve centromere cohesion by p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pinto BS,Orr-Weaver TL

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual cell types are defined by architecturally and functionally specialized cortical domains. The Ezrin, Radixin, and Moesin (ERM) proteins play a major role in organizing cortical domains by assembling membrane protein complexes and linking them to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Many studies have focused on t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Casaletto JB,Saotome I,Curto M,McClatchey AI

更新日期：2011-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:When light-grown seedlings of amaranth are transferred to total darkness, synthesis of the large subunit (LS) and small subunit (SS) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase [RbuP(2)Case; 3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxylase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39] is rapidly depressed. This reduction in RbuP(2)Case synthesis occurs i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berry JO,Carr JP,Klessig DF

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin activates sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in liver, thereby increasing fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. We created a line of transgenic rats that produce epitope-tagged human SREBP-1c in liver under control of the constitutive apolipoprotein E promoter/enhancer. This system allows...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Owen JL,Zhang Y,Bae SH,Farooqi MS,Liang G,Hammer RE,Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The action of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is regulated by phosphorylation, cyclin levels, the abundance of CDK inhibitors, and, as recently has been shown for cyclin B/cdc2, their localization. It is unclear how localization regulates the action of cyclin E/Cdk2 and its inhibitors. Here, we show that the closest k...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Swanson C,Ross J,Jackson PK

更新日期：2000-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of beta-estradiol on the locomotor behavior of female mice in a radial maze. Data comprising the total distance traveled during each arm entry were obtained from video records of six consecutive daily recording sessions. Distributions of these data were bimodal for both ovariectomized contr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coop AD,Stavarache MA,Pfaff DW,Reeke GN

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:There is currently no consensus on the importance of climate change in Mesoamerican prehistory. Some invoke drought as a causal factor in major cultural transitions, including the abandonment of many sites at 900 CE, while others conclude that cultural factors were more important. This lack of agreement reflects the f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhattacharya T,Byrne R,Böhnel H,Wogau K,Kienel U,Ingram BL,Zimmerman S

更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The suggested role of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate as the "second messenger" in the neurite outgrowth from chick embryonic sensory ganglia mediated by nerve growth factor was examined. Although N(6),O(2)-dibutyryl adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate induces fiber outgrowth at concentrations of 1-5 mM, this re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frazier WA,Ohlendorf CE,Boyd LF,Aloe L,Johnson EM,Ferrendelli JA,Bradshaw RA

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paraspeckles are subnuclear structures that form around nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). Recently, paraspeckles were shown to be functional nuclear bodies involved in stress responses and the development of specific organs. Paraspeckle formation is initiated by transcripti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawaguchi T,Tanigawa A,Naganuma T,Ohkawa Y,Souquere S,Pierron G,Hirose T

更新日期：2015-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A protein that specifically binds leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been isolated from normal mouse serum by using four successive fractionation steps: chromatography on a LIF affinity matrix, anion-exchange chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, and preparative native gel electrophoresis. The purified LIF-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Layton MJ,Cross BA,Metcalf D,Ward LD,Simpson RJ,Nicola NA

更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for elimination of pathogens and malignant cells. To activate CTLs, DCs present antigenic peptide-complexed MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) that will be recognized by the CTLs with T cell receptors and CD8 molecules. Here we show that paired I...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Endo S,Sakamoto Y,Kobayashi E,Nakamura A,Takai T

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Litter size and mammary number in the mammalian order Rodentia show a significant positive correlation. Mean litter size is typically one-half the number of available mammaries, while maximum litter size approximates mammary number. Similar relationships are found in the families Muridae, Cricetidae, and Sciuridae. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gilbert AN

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As countries pursue sustainable development across sectors as diverse as health, agriculture, and infrastructure, sectoral policies interact, generating synergies that alter their effectiveness. Identifying those synergies ex ante facilitates the harmonization of policies and provides an important lever to achieve the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pedercini M,Arquitt S,Collste D,Herren H

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:BALB/c mice immunized with syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas did not have antibodies against the unique tumor-specific transplantation antigens, even though they were capable of rejecting a lethal dose of tumor cells. Endogenous murine leukemia virus antigens expressed by certain of the tumors did, ho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown JP,Klitzman JM,Hellström I,Nowinski RC,Hellström KE

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been found as monomers but also as dimers or higher-order oligomers in cells. The relevance of the monomeric or dimeric receptor state for G protein activation is currently under debate for class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs. Clarification of this issue requires the availability of w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White JF,Grodnitzky J,Louis JM,Trinh LB,Shiloach J,Gutierrez J,Northup JK,Grisshammer R

更新日期：2007-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorophyll d-producing cyanobacteria are a recently described group of phototrophic bacteria that is a major focus of photosynthesis research, previously known only from marine environments in symbiosis with eukaryotes. We have discovered a free-living member of this group from a eutrophic hypersaline lake. Phylogene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller SR,Augustine S,Olson TL,Blankenship RE,Selker J,Wood AM

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallic nanoscale structures are capable of supporting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), propagating collective electron oscillations with tight spatial confinement at the metal surface. SPPs represent one of the most promising structures to beat the diffraction limit imposed by conventional dielectric optics. Ag na...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan R,Pausauskie P,Huang J,Yang P

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A spherical harmonic analysis is made of the hydrodynamic equation governing the flow of an incompressible liquid in a rotating sphere in the presence of the magnetic Lorentz force. Nonlinear partial differential equations are derived for the functions S(n)(r,t) and T(n)(r,t) entering the spherical harmonic representa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pekeris CL,Accad Y

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA polymerase enzymes from avian, murine, and feline RNA tumor viruses can be distinguished by their ability to read specific, synthetic primertemplates. The copying of templates containing adenylic and thymidylic acids by all these DNA polymerases is inhibited by ethidium bromide, though this compound affects th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fridlender B,Weissbach A

更新日期：1971-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Caenorhabditis elegans, pre-mRNA for the essential splicing factor U2AF65 sometimes is spliced to produce an RNA that includes an extra 216-bp internal exon, exon 3. Inclusion of exon 3 inserts an in-frame stop codon, yet this RNA is not subject to SMG-mediated RNA surveillance. To test whether exon 3 causes RNA to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： MacMorris MA,Zorio DA,Blumenthal T

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the possibility of positive selection acting on members of the putative seven-pass chemoreceptor superfamily in Caenorhabditis elegans, which comprises approximately 1,300 genes encoding seven-pass G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Using a maximum-likelihood approach, we conducted statistical tests ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomas JH,Kelley JL,Robertson HM,Ly K,Swanson WJ

更新日期：2005-03-22 00:00:00