Teaching for clinical reasoning - helping students make the conceptual links.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Dental educators complain that students struggle to apply what they have learnt theoretically in the clinical context. This paper is premised on the assumption that there is a relationship between conceptual thinking and clinical reasoning. AIMS:The paper provides a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between conceptual learning and clinical reasoning. METHOD:A review of current literature is used to explain the way in which conceptual understanding influences clinical reasoning and the transfer of theoretical understandings to the clinical context. RESULTS:The paper argues that the connections made between concepts are what is significant about conceptual understanding. From this point of departure the paper describes teaching strategies that facilitate the kinds of learning opportunities that students need in order to develop conceptual understanding and to be able to transfer knowledge from theoretical to clinical contexts. Along with a variety of teaching strategies, the value of concept maps is discussed. The paper provides a framework for understanding the difficulties that students have in developing conceptual networks appropriate for later clinical reasoning. CONCLUSION:In explaining how students learn for clinical application, the paper provides a theoretical framework that can inform how dental educators facilitate the conceptual learning, and later clinical reasoning, of their students.

journal_name

Med Teach

journal_title

Medical teacher

authors

McMillan WJ

doi

10.3109/01421591003695303

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-01-01 00:00:00

pages

e436-42

issue

10

eissn

0142-159X

issn

1466-187X

journal_volume

32

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Research methodology workshops evaluation using the Kirkpatrick's model: translating theory into practice.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of academic programs can enhance the development, effectiveness, and dissemination of comparative quality reports as well as quality improvement efforts. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the five research methodology workshops through assessing participants' satisfaction, knowl...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.886012

    authors: Abdulghani HM,Shaik SA,Khamis N,Al-Drees AA,Irshad M,Khalil MS,Alhaqwi AI,Isnani A

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Choosing and designing knowledge assessments: experience at a new medical school.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Curriculum developers have a wide choice of assessment methods in all aspects of medical education including the specific area of medical knowledge. When selecting the appropriate tool, there is an increasing literature to provide a robust evidence base for developments or decisions. AIM:As a new medical sc...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421591003614858

    authors: Freeman AC,Ricketts C

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Using questionnaires to determine whether medical graduates' career choice is determined by undergraduate or postgraduate experiences.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:There has been increased interest in the factors influencing the career choice of doctors. Feminization of the medical workforce, changing health care needs, reform of training has ensured that this is an important issue for workforce planners and educationists. AIMS AND METHODS:Questionnaires were distribu...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590701551755

    authors: Watmough S,Taylor D,Ryland I

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Twelve tips for addressing medical student and resident physician lapses in professionalism.

    abstract::Medical educators have gained significant ground in the practical and scholarly approach to professionalism. When a lapse occurs, thoughtful remediation to address the underlying issue can have a positive impact on medical students and resident physicians, while failure to address lapses, or to do so ineffectively, ca...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.1001730

    authors: Rougas S,Gentilesco B,Green E,Flores L

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Accelerating expertise: Perceptual and adaptive learning technology in medical learning.

    abstract:RATIONALE:Recent advances in the learning sciences offer remarkable potential for improving medical learning and performance. Difficult to teach pattern recognition skills can be systematically accelerated using techniques of perceptual learning (PL). The effectiveness of PL interventions is amplified when they are com...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2018.1484897

    authors: Kellman PJ,Krasne S

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Mixed reality as a time-efficient alternative to cadaveric dissection.

    abstract::Objectives: The extent of medical knowledge increases yearly, but the time available for students to learn is limited, leading to administrative pressures to revise and reconfigure medical school curricula. The goal of the present study is to determine whether the mixed reality platform HoloAnatomy represents an effec...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2020.1762032

    authors: Ruthberg JS,Tingle G,Tan L,Ulrey L,Simonson-Shick S,Enterline R,Eastman H,Mlakar J,Gotschall R,Henninger E,Griswold MA,Wish-Baratz S

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • The way we teach otolaryngology in an integrated problem-based curriculum.

    abstract::The University Science Malaysia, Penang, the third medical school in Malaysia, is following an integrated curriculum. In this curriculum, the students are taught the subject of otolaryngology from the second year of their course unlike the traditional schools where they are taught in the fourth or fifth year. This pap...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421599109036758

    authors: Elango S,Arumainayagam GC,Palaniappan SP

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • Physiology.

    abstract::This paper describes an innovative approach to teaching a traditional subject-physiology. There are no lectures, tutorials or practicals. All learning activities are undertaken in small groups, and the course is learner-centred and problem-orientated. Students are required to collect and record their own information a...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421597909019395

    authors: Beaton G,Mitchell D

    更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00

  • Examining the clinical learning environment through the architectural avenue.

    abstract::Medical education has traditionally focused on the learners, the educators, and the curriculum, while tending to overlook the role of the designed environment. Experience indicates, however, that processes and outcomes of medical education are sensitive to the qualities and disposition of the spaces in which it occurs...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2019.1566603

    authors: Nordquist J,Chan MK,Maniate J,Cook D,Kelly C,McDougall A

    更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00

  • Interactive large-group teaching in a dermatology course.

    abstract::This is a prospective study to find out whether an interactive large-group case-based teaching approach combined with small-group bedside teaching improves student satisfaction and learning outcome in a practical dermatology course. During two consecutive terms a rotating system of large-group interactive case-study-m...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590601034241

    authors: Ochsendorf FR,Boehncke WH,Sommerlad M,Kaufmann R

    更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00

  • The CanMEDS initiative: implementing an outcomes-based framework of physician competencies.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Outcomes-based education in the health professions has emerged as a priority for curriculum planners striving to align with societal needs. However, many struggle with effective methods of implementing such an approach. In this narrative, we describe the lessons learned from the implementation of a national,...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590701746983

    authors: Frank JR,Danoff D

    更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00

  • Discourses of professionalism: Metaphors, theory and practice.

    abstract::Professionalism is a contested concept and different discourses have differed by scope and epistemology. The theory of communicative action integrates epistemology (knowledge interests) with that of scope (lifeworld). AIM:To pragmatically inform learning of professionalism. METHODS:apply the theory of communicative ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2018.1442565

    authors: Links MJ,Wilkinson T,Campbell C

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Planning and implementing a collaborative clinical placement for medical, nursing and allied health students: a qualitative study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical placements have been traditionally offered on a profession specific basis, and as a result, we have a good understanding of salient issues related to their development and delivery. We know less about the planning and implementation of collaborative clinical placements. AIMS:This paper presents key...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590801949958

    authors: Reeves S

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • The use of technology and perceptions of its effectiveness in training physicians.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Technology has been incorporated into the classrooms of future healthcare professionals for decades and vast research has investigated its effectiveness. Much less attention, however, has examined how medical schools are actually using technology and telemedicine to aid teaching. AIMS:It is unclear how medi...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.887837

    authors: Mason PB,Turgeon BM,Cossman JS,Lay DM

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Twelve tips for increasing the defensibility of assessment decisions.

    abstract::In an era of increasing scrutiny of the performance of graduates in the workplace, there can be frustrations when decisions about learners with borderline or poor performance in formal assessments are over-turned in appeal processes. This article addresses the approach to reducing the uncertainty about assessment deci...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.943711

    authors: Hays RB,Hamlin G,Crane L

    更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00

  • The effectiveness of portfolios for post-graduate assessment and education: BEME Guide No 12.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Portfolios in post-graduate healthcare education are used to support reflective practice, deliver summative assessment, aid knowledge management processes and are seen as a key connection between learning at organisational and individual levels. This systematic review draws together the evidence on the effec...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/01421590902883056

    authors: Tochel C,Haig A,Hesketh A,Cadzow A,Beggs K,Colthart I,Peacock H

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis in medical education: what role do they play?

    abstract::Education researchers seek to understand what works, for whom, in what circumstances. Unfortunately, educational environments are complex and research itself is highly context dependent. Faced with these challenges, some have argued that qualitative methods should supplant quantitative methods such as randomized contr...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.671978

    authors: Cook DA

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • How experienced tutors facilitate tutorial dynamics in PBL groups.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Problem-based learning (PBL) tutorial are conducted in small groups, and successful learning in such groups requires good group facilitating skills. There is a lack of research on actual skills employed by tutors in facilitating the group dynamics. AIM:To explore the process of PBL tutorial small groups, fo...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.714883

    authors: Lee GH,Lin CS,Lin YH

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • A simple interactive teaching aid for medical undergraduates studying the brachial plexus.

    abstract::In an era where the methods and time dedicated to the teaching of human anatomy are changing within medical curricula worldwide it behoves anatomists to devise alternative strategies to effectively teach the discipline to medical students. Most medical curricula would necessitate that students learn the innervation of...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590400029491

    authors: McMenamin PG

    更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00

  • Educating clinical educators: using a model of the experience of being a clinical educator.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical educators are expected to prepare students to be competent beginning practitioners, ready to enter the workforce and meet the demands of competent practice. As part of ensuring the quality of clinical education, universities that provide these programs need to be involved in the education and suppor...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590601046088

    authors: Higgs J,McAllister L

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • A qualitative evaluation of medical student learning with concept maps.

    abstract:PURPOSE AND AIMS:The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways in which the use of concept maps influenced the learning processes of third year internal medicine students in the context of medical education. Reported here are the qualitative results of this study. METHODS:One-hundred thirty four medical studen...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590701689506

    authors: Torre DM,Daley B,Stark-Schweitzer T,Siddartha S,Petkova J,Ziebert M

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Insights into endoscopy training: a qualitative study of learning experience.

    abstract::Endoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that demands high levels of cognitive and technical skill to perform effectively. Surprisingly little is known about how endoscopy is best taught and training is often inadequate. The aims of this study were to explore the learning experiences of endoscopy...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590600825417

    authors: Thuraisingam AI,MacDonald J,Shaw IS

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • Preparing teachers for competency-based medical education: Fundamental teaching activities.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The move to competency-based medical education has created new challenges for medical teachers, including the need to reflect on and further develop their own competencies as teachers. Guidance is needed to ensure comprehensive and coherent programs of faculty development to meet the needs of teachers. ME...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2017.1394998

    authors: Walsh A,Koppula S,Antao V,Bethune C,Cameron S,Cavett T,Clavet D,Dove M

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • 'They've all got to learn'. Medical students' learning from patients in ambulatory (outpatient and general practice) consultations.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The dynamics of effective teaching consultations need to be better understood. AIM:Find from medical students, patients and doctors how to optimize learning in ambulatory consultations. METHODS:Patients and students independently gave semi-structured exit interviews after 25 ambulatory teaching consultatio...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590802464445

    authors: Ashley P,Rhodes N,Sari-Kouzel H,Mukherjee A,Dornan T

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Indigenous perspectives on education for sustainable healthcare.

    abstract::A range of global environmental changes are contributing to an increasing global burden of disease. Since human health and well-being are intimately associated with the health of our planet, healthcare providers will not only be charged with caring for this expanding disease burden but will also need to become more en...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2020.1791320

    authors: Redvers N,Schultz C,Vera Prince M,Cunningham M,Jones R,Blondin B

    更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00

  • Managing the initial period of implementation of educational change.

    abstract::Three years ago the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia medical school changed its curriculum from the traditional discipline based curriculum to the integrated organ-system approach. Once change was effected a process of 'refreezing' had to be initiated whereby new responses had to be reintegrated into the ongoing persona...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421599109098984

    authors: Shahabudin SH,Safiah N

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • How we teach on a 'Return to General Practice' course.

    abstract::This article describes a course, for doctors returning to general practice, modelled on Harden's 10 questions when planning a curriculum. The course has been running in the West Midlands region of the United Kingdom for the past four years. ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159021000063899

    authors: Muller EJ

    更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00

  • Is it worth it? A look at the costs and benefits of an OSCE for second-year medical students.

    abstract::For the past two years, the Bowman Gray School of Medicine has used an Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) to measure the performance of 117 first- and second-year medical students at the end of introductory courses on differential and physical diagnosis. Given the surprisingly high costs of conducting the OSCE ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421598909146415

    authors: Frye AW,Richards BF,Philp EB,Philp JR

    更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00

  • Preparedness for practice: the perceptions of medical graduates and clinical teams.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Earlier research indicated that medical graduates feel unprepared to start work, and that this varies with medical school. AIMS:To examine the extent to which graduates from different UK medical schools differed in their perceptions of preparedness for practice, and compare their perceptions with those of c...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.643260

    authors: Morrow G,Johnson N,Burford B,Rothwell C,Spencer J,Peile E,Davies C,Allen M,Baldauf B,Morrison J,Illing J

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Teaching, reflecting, and learning: The value of an intercalated medical education programme.

    abstract::Objectives: Teaching programmes within medicine focus primarily on pathways of a shorter length with little regard to teaching lasting longer than a month. This study is different from other studies as it examines the benefits of a nine month-long medical education degree programme and its impact beyond graduation. Th...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2019.1708290

    authors: Muir F,Bruce J,McConville K

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00